Xa kwakupapashwa 'Oyena mntu usisityebi eBhabheli' abaseMelika babeqala ukuqonda intsingiselo yengeniso elahlwayo.I-Pixabay Indoda Esisityebi eBhabheli luxwebhu olunomdla lwembali. Xa yabhalwa ngo-1926, eli lizwe laliphakathi kwixesha lokuchuma okukhulu. Emva kokuphela kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I, iziseko zophuhliso ezinkulu ezaphuhliswayo zatshintshela kwiinjongo zoluntu.
Ngethuba lokuqala, abantu baseMelika ngoku banengeniso engaphezulu, kwaye babengazi ukuba mabenze ntoni ngayo. Ixesha elininzi lokuzonwabisa kunye nezinto eziveliswa ngobuninzi zabathengi zidityanisiwe ukuze kungeniswe ixesha elitsha lobungxowankulu. Le yayiyiminyaka elishumi ikhathalogu yeSears yaba yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kubomi banamhlanje, kwaye izicwangciso zentlawulo kunye nezinye iindlela zokuthenga ngetyala zaqala ukuthandwa.
UClason wakubona konke oku kwaye wazi apho kuya khona. Wayeqonda ukuba ukulawula umxholo wengeniso elahlwayo kwakuza kuba nzima kwisizukulwana esizayo, kwaye ke kwafuneka abethe umhlaba usebenze. Kwicandelo le Indoda Esisityebi eBhabheli enesihloko esithi Ukunyanga okuSixhenxe ngengxowa eLean, uzama ukubeka izintso kwinkcitho-into yabantu baseMelika abangazange baqwalasele yona.
Unyango lokuqala lwesipaji esibhityileyo silula: fumana imali, okanye njengoko besitsho kwiBhabheli yakudala, qala isipaji sakho ekutyebiseni. Oku kwakungeyongxaki ngomhla kaClason. Imisebenzi yayininzi kwiindawo zasezidolophini, kwaye iklasi elitsha loshishino lalikhula. Umvuzo wokwenyani wabasebenzi basezidolophini unyuke phantse ngama-20% kule minyaka ilishumi, ukonyuka okumangalisayo. Izinto zazingentle emaphandleni, kodwa akukho kwalapha naphaya.
Ngo-1922 kwabonwa notshintsho elwandle kwinkqubo yerhafu yaseMelika. Unobhala weSebe lezeziMali u-Andrew Mellon usike ireyithi ephezulu yomda ukusuka kuma-73% ukuya kuma-58% ngaloo nyaka kwaye uqhubeke nokuqhekeza unyaka nonyaka de kwafika i-25% ngasekupheleni kweminyaka elishumi. Abantu baseMelika babenemali eninzi epokothweni kunanini na ngaphambili.
Unyango lwesibini lwesipaji esincinci lulula ngokulinganayo: lawula inkcitho yakho, okanye njengoko besitsho kwiBhabheli yakudala, lawula inkcitho yakho.
Leyo yayinzima kubantu baseMelika banamhlanje kunye neBhabhiloni yakudala ngokufanayo ukuyiginya. Njengoko indoda elumkileyo kaClason u-Arkad ikubeka kule ncwadi:
Ukuba into nganye kuthi iyibiza 'iindleko eziyimfuneko' iya kuhlala ikhula ilingane nemivuzo yethu ngaphandle kokuba siqhankqalazela oko.
Into ayithethayo apho kukuba asilungelanga ukuvavanya ukuba ingakanani imali ekufuneka siyisebenzisile. Abantu zizidalwa ezinomkhwa, kwaye kuvakala kungcono ukuchitha imali kunokuyigcina. Ke siqhela ukutya ngaphandle, ukuthenga iimpahla ezintsha, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba ngokubanzi kuyo yonke imigibe yongxowankulu.
Kwaye masithethe ngokungafihlisiyo: akukho nto iphosakeleyo ngokuchasene noko. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimarike yeyona nto igcina uqoqosho lwethu lusebenza, ngapha koko. Kodwa ukuba ufuna imali yakho ikhule, kuya kufuneka ugcine enye, nokuba urhola malini.
Ii-1920s nazo zabona ukuzalwa koshishino lwangoku lwentengiso. Ukusasazeka kombane kunye noonomathotholo kwenza ukuba iinkampani zikwazi ukuthengisa iimpahla zazo kwinqanaba lesizwe, zityala imbewu yomnqweno kwingqondo yoluntu. Ishumi leminyaka yabona iMelika yenza amanyathelo ayo okwenyani okuqala kwindlela yokuphila eqhutywa ngumthengi, apho ixabiso lakho ekuhlaleni limiselwa zizinto onazo.
Umgaqo wokumisela uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwakho yayiyinto entsha kubantu abaninzi baseMelika, ababehlala kwinqanaba lokuphila. Kodwa ukunyuka okukhawulezileyo kwimarike yemasheya kufuna ukuba utyalomali olutsha lutofelwe kulo. Oku yayikwangukuqala kwenkqubo yamatyala, njengoko iibhanki zajikeleza imali zibuyele kwintengiso ukonyusa inkcitho.
U-Arkad-okanye uGeorge Clason-wayenento afuna ukuyithetha malunga noku.
Ndithi kuni kanye njengokuba ukhula lukhula entsimini naphina apho umfama eshiya isithuba seengcambu zawo, kukwanjalo ngokukhululeka iminqweno ikhula emadodeni nanini na kukho ithuba lokuba yaneliswe. Iminqweno yakho yindimbane kwaye abo unganelisa ngabo bambalwa.
Le yayiyingxelo yangaphambi kokomthetho ngo-1926. Olu hlanga lwalusandula ukuqalisa ngoqoqosho olugxile kwintengiso oluza kuba njalo, kwaye uyayibona imikhondo yeefossilised yolu tyekelo kwiindawo ezininzi ezingenanto kwilizwe jikelele. I-United States ibonakalise inkcitho njengemfuneko yokuziphatha kubemi bayo, kwaye ngo-2017 sasineenyawo ezingama-23.5 zesithuba sokuthengisa kumntu ngamnye elizweni-uninzi lwalo naliphi na ilizwe emhlabeni.
Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba ekuqaleni uClason wabhala le nto njengeencwadana eziza kudluliselwa ziibhanki kunye neenkampani zeinshurensi ukucenga abantu ukuba batyale imali ngazo. Eyona nto wayeyithengisa ngumbono wokulibazisa ukulibazisa- ukungafumani nto ngoku ngethemba lomvuzo omkhulu kwixesha elizayo.
Eli yayilibhili yokuthengisa eyomeleleyo ngela xesha kuba ilizwe lalilelona xesha linempumelelo elingazange libonwe. Njengoko ishumi leminyaka liqhubeka, abantu bekholelwa ukuba izinto ziya kuhlala ziba ngcono. Kutheni le nto kufanelekile ukuba bacinge ngekamva ngeli lixa ubuqaqawuli bebubalasele?
Xa ebhala Indoda Esisityebi eBhabheli , UClason wayengenalo nofifi lokuba ukuwa okukhulu kwemarike yesitokhwe kwakungaphaya kwesiphelo. Ngowe-1929 yabona intengiso iphulukana neebhiliyoni zeedola ngemini enye, yaphosa ilizwe kuDandatheko olukhulu. Nangona abafundi bencwadi yakhe mhlawumbi babone ubutyebi babo bususiwe, izakhono zohlahlo-lwabiwo mali abazifundileyo ziya kungqina ngakumbi nangakumbi kule minyaka ilishumi izayo.
Ingcebiso ka-Arkad imalunga nokwahlula-hlula intswelo kwimfuno; into yaseMelika yayingafane ibizelwe ukuyenza. Iyaxela ukuba sisengalunganga kangako kwiminyaka engaphantsi kwekhulu kamva.
UBJ Mendelson ngumbhali weSocial Media nguBullshit (iSt. Martin's Press) kunye nokuphela kweMfihlo. Ubhala malunga noyilo lwegama kwibhlog yakhe, BJMendelson.com
