UMongameli uBarack Obama uhamba eqongeni ukuya kwenza intetho yakhe yokuvalelisa ngoJanuwari 10, 2017 eChicago, eIllinois.Ifoto nguDarren Hauck / i-Getty Izithombe U-Chelsea Manning uye waphathwa gadalala kwisithuba seminyaka emithandathu evalelwe emva kokuvuza iimfihlo zikarhulumente njengejoni laseMelika ukuya eWikileaks. Ukuvuza akwenzileyo kucacisiwe Urhulumente wase-United States akayikhathalele intuthumbo e-Iraq, abaqhubi bezomkhosi base-US babulala ngokungakhethiyo abantu (kubandakanya iintatheli ezivela kwiReuters), kunye nezinye izityhilelo eziphazamisayo.
UManning wagwetywa ngo-2013 phantsi Umthetho we-Espionage kwaye wagwetywa iminyaka engama-35 entolongweni. Ngokukhawuleza emva kwesigwebo, uManning wafaka isicelo esisesikweni sokuxolelwa ngumongameli. Ndifuna ukunceda abantu kuphela, utshilo uManning kwi ingxelo . Ukuba uyasikhaba isicelo sam soxolelo, ndiya kulikhonza ixesha lam ndisazi ukuba ngamanye amaxesha kuya kufuneka uhlawule ixabiso elinzima ukuze uhlale kuluntu olukhululekileyo.
Iindaba ze-NBC zixele ukuba uManning uku-Mongameli u-Obama uluhlu olufutshane ukufumana utshintsho kwisigwebo sakhe. Ufumene u-Obama ukugxeka okukhulu kulawulo lwakhe egweba abantu abaninzi phantsi komthetho we-Espionage Act kunabo bonke oorhulumente bangaphambili abadityanisiweyo. Amaqela inkululeko yenkululeko ahlasele ulawulo luka-Obama ngokubeka uManning phantsi ukuvalelwa wedwa lokuzama ukuzibulala Kabini ngowama-2016. Emva kokubanjwa kwakhe ngo-2010, umphathi wentuthumbo weZizwe eziManyeneyo wagqiba ukusuka kuphando olude lweenyanga ezili-14, Umkhosi wase-US Ubuncinane wayenetyala lokuphathwa gadalala nokukhohlakala ngokugcina uManning evalelwe yedwa iiyure ezingama-23 ngemini kwisithuba seenyanga ezili-11 kwiimeko awayezifumene zisenokuba zazibanga ukungcungcuthekiswa.
Unyango lukaManning phantsi kolawulo luka-Obama luya kuhlala luchaphaza kwilifa lika-Mongameli Obama. Phantsi kolawulo lwakhe, abo babethetha impempe bohlwaywa ngokunika uluntu ulwazi malunga nokuziphatha kolwaphulo-mthetho kuRhulumente wase-US. Ngokwahlukileyo, amagosa aphezulu kurhulumente anikwa ukungabi sohlwaywa emva kokuba ubungqina buveziwe.
UMlawuli wezoBuntlola beSizwe uJames Clapper wenza ubungqina bobuxoki Ngo-2013 xa waxoka phantsi kwesifungo kwiCongress esithi i-Arhente yoKhuseleko kaZwelonke (NSA) ayikhange ibeke esweni uluntu. Umncedisi we-NSA Edward ikhephu utyhile ubungakanani bale nkqubo karhulumente engahambelaniyo neendlela zokuziphatha, apho uMongameli U-Obama inegama elinamandla Uyazikhusela . Ulawulo luka-Obama lubize inkqubo yokujonga umnxeba njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo kwimfazwe yokulwa nobunqolobi. Nangona kunjalo, kwiinyanga ezintandathu kamva IWashington Post ixelwe ukuba ibhodi yokuphonononga ezimeleyo yagweba ngelithi kwakungekho sihlandlo sinye apho inkqubo yenza umahluko kwimizamo yokulwa nobunqolobi.
Umlawuli weCIA uJohn Brennan uxokile malunga namagosa e-CIA aqhekeza iiseva zekhompyuter zabasebenzi benkongolo evela kwiKomiti yezoBuntlola ye-Senate xa ikomiti yayiphanda inkqubo ye-CIA yokuncina nokubanjwa. Ndinenkxalabo enkulu yokuba uphando lweCIA lusenokuba lwaphule ukwahlulwa kwemigaqo yamandla, uSenator Dianne Feinstein (D-CA) utshilo kwi-2014, yongeza ukuba i-CIA inokuba yaphule ulungiso lwesine kunye neminye imithetho. Umlawuli weCIA uBrennan kunye namanye amagosa e-CIA zange bohlwaywe nangayiphi na indlela ngale ndlela yokuziphatha.
Owayengunobhala welizwe UHillary clinton wanikwa isohlwayo sokuthintela imithetho yeNkululeko yoLwazi kuye ukusetyenziswa okungagunyaziswanga yeseva yabucala ye-imeyile ngexesha lenkonzo yakhe. Igqwetha Jikelele uLoretta Lynch ngokukrokra nge nge UBill Clinton kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya itarmac kwiintsuku zasePhoenix ngaphambi kweFBI wagqiba uphando lwabo kuHillary. Akunjalo UClinton noLynch akazange afumane siphumo sezenzo zabo.
Ngo-2015, emva kokuphatha gwenxa ulwazi oluhleliweyo, uGeneral David Petraeus wafumana ngempama esihlahleni , ngelixa abantu abakwizikhundla eziphantsi babetshutshiswa, bevalelwa entolongweni kwaye betyholwa.
Umgangatho ophindwe kabini wokukhusela i-elite kunye neenkokheli zokusekwa wasetyenziswa kwibhodi yonke ngexesha Oka-Obama Ulawulo. Kanjalo, akukho bhanki zinkulu bavalelwa emva kokudodobala kwezoqoqosho ngo-2008. USenator Elizabeth Warren (D-MA) kubizwe Ulawulo luka-Obama lubuthathaka ngendlela eyothusayo ekutshutshiseni ulwaphulo-mthetho lwamashishini. Ngelixa abaxhasi abathembekileyo bekhumbula uBarack Oka-Obama Ubongameli ngokumncoma ngokuncwina, imbali iyakumkhumbula ngokuvumela ukusasazeka korhwaphilizo kunye nokubonelela ngokusilela koxanduva lokuphendula kwinqanaba eliphezulu likarhulumente.
