Ingqikelelo yeNASA yokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga ka-Agasti 21.I-NASA Inqaku lomhleli: Ukufiphala kwelanga ngokupheleleyo kuya kubonakala kulo lonke elase-U.S. NgoMvulo, nge-21 ka-Agasti. UShannon Schmoll, umlawuli weAbrams Planetarium kwiYunivesithi yaseMichigan State, ucacisa ukuba kutheni kwaye kwenzeka njani, kwaye yintoni esinokuyifunda ekusithekeni kwelanga.
Sazi njani ukuba umnyama uya kwenzeka nini? Sazi njani kwangaphambili ukuba iya kubonakala phi?
Ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga kwenzeka xa umbono wethu welanga uvaliwe yinyanga. Xa inyanga imile phakathi kwelanga noMhlaba, inyanga iya kufaka isithunzi eMhlabeni. Yile nto siyigcinayo emhlabeni njengokufiphala kwelanga.
Siyazi xa zizakwenzeka kuba ngaphezu kweenkulungwane izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zilinganise ngokuchanekileyo intshukumo yoMhlaba, inyanga kunye nelanga, kubandakanya imilo ezijikelezayo, indlela ezijikeleza ngayo precess kunye nezinye iiparameter. Ngezo datha malunga nenyanga- kunye nolwazi olufanayo malunga Ukujikeleza komhlaba ujikeleze ilanga -Sinokwenza iimodeli zemathematika zokuhamba kwazo ngokunxulumene nomnye nomnye. Sebenzisa ezo zibalo, sinako Bala iitafile zedatha inako ukuqikelela oko siza kubona eMhlabeni , kuxhomekeka kwindawo ekuyo, ngexesha le-Eclipse kunye nokuba ziya kwenzeka nini kwaye zihlala ixesha elingakanani. (Okulandelayo ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga okukhulu ngaphezulu kwe-U.S ngo-2023 nango-2024 .) 
Indlela yokusitheka kwenyanga ngo-Agasti 21.I-NASA
Kwenzeka kangaphi ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga?
Ukufiphala kwelanga kwenzeka, ngokomndilili, amaxesha ambalwa ngonyaka. Inkqubo ye- Inyanga idlula phakathi koMhlaba nelanga Rhoqo ngeentsuku ezingama-29, ixesha esilibiza ngokuba yi- Inyanga entsha - xa inyanga ingabonakali kwisibhakabhaka sasebusuku soMhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, ukujikeleza kwenyanga kunye nendlela yelanga esibhakabhakeni ayihambelani ngqo, ngoko ke uninzi lweziganeko zenyanga entsha, inyanga ibonakala ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwelanga. 
Umgca oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ubonisa i-ecliptic, indlela ilanga elibonakala liyithatha esibhakabhakeni sethu njengoko ijongwa eMhlabeni. Umgca omhlophe ubonisa ukujikeleza kwenyanga. Ukuze ukusithwa kwelanga kwenzeke, ilanga nenyanga kufuneka zibe phakathi kwendawo ephawulwe ngezibiyeli ezityheli.UJohn French, Iplanethi yeAbrams
Kabini ngonyaka, nangona kunjalo, kukho ixesha apho inyanga kunye nelanga zihambelana noMhlaba-izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zibiza eli lixesha lokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga. Ihlala malunga neentsuku ezingama-34, ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo ukuba inyanga igqibe ukujikeleza okupheleleyo (kunye nokunye) koMhlaba. Ngexesha ngalinye lokusithwa kwelanga yinyikima, kukho ubuncinci ukusithwa kwelanga okubonakalayo kwiindawo ezithile zomhlaba. Xa inyanga iphelele, kuyakubakho ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga, xa inyanga idlula ngqo emva koMhlaba, ikhokelela kwinyanga emnyama emnyama nebomvu. Kwaye ekuthwaseni kwenyanga, kuyakubakho ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga, xa ilanga livaliwe yinyanga.
Ngaba ikho into esinokuyifunda kumsitho we-Eclipse, okanye ngaba zizinto nje ezingaqhelekanga ezenzeka kwindalo?
Ngokuqinisekileyo sinokufunda izinto ukusithwa kwelanga. Umaleko ongaphandle welanga, obizwa ngokuba yi-corona, kunzima ukuwufunda kuba awukhazimli kangako kunelinye ilanga-ke sinengxaki yokuwubona phakathi kokukhanya kwelanga. 
Ngexesha lokusithwa kwelanga yintsika yelanga iyabonakala kubajongileyo eMhlabeni.I-NASA
Xa inyanga ivala ilanga, sinokubona i-corona, umboniso odumileyo wokukhanya okujikeleze idiski emnyama yenyanga. Okwangoku izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zikufunda ngokudala ukusithwa kwelanga okwenziwe ngezixhobo ezizodwa kwiiteleskopu ezibizwa ngokuba zii-coronagraphs. Oku kuhle, kodwa akuvumeli eyona mifanekiso ilungileyo. I-Eclipses inika izazinzulu amathuba okufumana idatha engaphezulu funda ikorona ngokunzulu .
Singafunda ngoMhlaba ngokwawo. Kwindawo echatshazelwe kukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga, ubumnyama belanga bukhokelela ku ukwehla ngesiquphe kobushushu . Izifundo ezixhaswa ngezimali yi-NASA ngeli xesha lokusithwa kwelanga zizakujonga ifuthe lokusithwa kwelanga yimozulu yethu kwanokuba kwenzeka ntoni emhlabeni. Izifundo zangaphambili ziqwalasele indlela yokuziphatha kwezilwanyana ngexesha lokusithwa kwelanga ngo-2001 kwaye kwaqwalaselwa ezinye izilwanyana zazihamba ngeendlela zazo zobusuku njengoko ilanga lanyamalala ngelixa abanye besoyika.
Kwaye sinokufunda ngendalo yonke. Ngaphantsi kweminyaka eli-100 eyadlulayo, ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga kwabonisa uqikelelo olwenziwa nguAlbert Einstein malunga nomxhuzulane. Le mpumelelo yamnceda wamenzela igama lekhaya. Kwakhe ithiyori ngokubanzi yobudlelwane , U-Einstein wayexele kwangaphambili ukuba Umxhuzulane unokugoba ukukhanya . Iziphumo awazixela kwangaphambili zazincinci, ke kuya kubonwa ngcono njengokukhanya kugqitha umzimba omkhulu kakhulu wasezulwini njengenxalenye yokuhamba kwawo umgama omde kakhulu wendawo.
Mnumzana Arthur Eddington , isazi ngeenkwenkwezi esincede ukuqhubela phambili isifundo sokuhambelana ngokubanzi kwaye umsebenzi waso sisiqwenga esikhulu sokuqonda kwethu kwangoku kweenkwenkwezi kunye nemingxunya emnyama, sisebenzise ubumnyama obubonelelwe kukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga ukujonga indawo emi kuyo ukukhanya kweenkwenkwezi emini, xa kudlula ilanga. Ke ngoko uthelekise ezo zikhundla kwizikhundla zabo ezaziwayo ebusuku . Wayibona loo nto ubunzima belanga babuyigobile indlela - ngokuchanekileyo kanye, kunye nexabiso elichanekileyo, u-Einstein wayeqikelele.
Kuyamangalisa njani ukuba inyanga ngokuchanekileyo ilithintele ilanga?
Kuyinto engaqhelekanga kakhulu ukuba inyanga nelanga zibekho nje imigama elungileyo kunye nobukhulu ukuya kubonakala ngathi zinobungakanani obulinganayo esibhakabhakeni sethu. Oku kuvumela inyanga ukuba ibhlike ngokugqibeleleyo idiski yelanga, ngelixa ikwabonisa ikorona. IVenus neMercury, umzekelo, nazo zinokudlula phambi kwelanga ngokwembono yethu. Nangona kunjalo, zibonakala njengamachaphaza amancinci ahamba elangeni. 
IVenus ibonakala njengechaphaza elincinci ngasekhohlo njengoko lihamba phakathi kwelanga noMhlaba ngo-2012.I-NASA
Ngaba umntu ome enyangeni angabona ntoni emhlabeni? Ngaba umhlaba uza kuba mnyama?
Ukuba ubusenyangeni, ubuya kukwazi ukubona ukusithwa kwelanga nguMhlaba kuphela ukuba ubumi kwicala lenyanga ebusuku, icala elijonge uMhlaba. Uya kubona isithunzi esingqukuva siphoswe eMhlabeni. Ukufiphala okuthe ngqo kuya kuqala ukubetha uLwandlekazi lwePasifiki, emva koko kudlulele e-Oregon, ukuwela i-US ukuya eSouth Carolina kwaye kuphele kuLwandlekazi lweAtlantic. Le ndlela ithathwa sisithunzi ibizwa ngokuba ngumendo opheleleyo.
UShannon Schmoll nguMlawuli we-Abrams Planetarium kwiSebe leFizikiki ne-Astronomy e IYunivesithi yaseMichigan State . Eli nqaku lapapashwa okokuqala ngo Incoko . Funda ifayile ye- Inqaku lokuqala .
