Kutheni ungazithembi

U-Bertrand Russell udume wathi, Ingxaki iphela kwihlabathi kukuba abantu abaziziyatha kunye nabantu abanenzondelelo yempambano baziqinisekile bona ngokwabo kunye nabantu abazizilumko abanamathandabuzo.

Kule minyaka idlulileyo, bendikubethelela ukubaluleka kokukhululeka kunye ukungaqiniseki kunye nokungaqondakali , kwi ukubuza yonke eyona yakho iinkolelo namaphupha , ngoku ukuziqhelanisa nokuthandabuza , kunye nokuthandabuza yonke into, okona kubaluleke kakhulu ngokwakho . Kuzo zonke ezi zithuba, ndiye ndayibonisa into yokuba ubuchwephesha bethu abunakuthenjwa, ukuba asinalo nofifi lokuba sithetha ngantoni na, naxa sicinga njalo, njalo njalo.

Kodwa andikaze ndinike imizekelo ephathekayo okanye iinkcazo. Ewe, nantsi ke. Izizathu ezisibhozo awunakuzithemba, njengoko kubonisiwe ngengqondo.

1. UYAZEKA UZAZIQALA NOKUZINYENGA NGAPHANDLE KOKUKUQONDA

Kukho into kwisayikholoji ebizwa ngokuba yi- Ugqirha-oJonga uBoas kwaye ngokusisiseko ithi sonke singama-assholes.

Umzekelo, ukuba ukwimpambano yomgaqo kwaye omnye umntu uqhuba isibane esibomvu, uya kucinga ukuba zizikhohlakali, ezingacingeliyo ezibeka abanye abaqhubi emngciphekweni wokucheba imizuzwana embalwa kwi-drive yabo.

Kwelinye icala, ukuba wena nguwe oqhuba isibane esibomvu, uya kuza kuzo zonke iintlobo zeziphetho malunga nokuba yimpazamo engenatyala, ukuba umthi wawuthintela njani umbono wakho, kunye nokuba ukukhanya kwesibane esibomvu akuze kwenzakalise mntu.

Isenzo esifanayo, kodwa xa omnye umntu esenza loo nto bangumntu owoyikisayo; xa uyenza, yimpazamo ethembekileyo.

Sonke siyakwenza oku. Kwaye siyenza ngokukodwa kwiimeko zongquzulwano. Xa abantu bethetha ngomntu obabacaphukisile ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, bahlala bezichaza izenzo zomnye umntu njengezingenangqondo, ezinokugxeka, nezikhuthazwa yinjongo enobubi yokwenza ukubandezeleka.

Nangona kunjalo, xa abantu bethetha ngamaxesha xa bona wenzakalise omnye umntu, njengoko unokukrokrela, banokuza nazo zonke iintlobo zezizathu malunga nokuba kanjani izenzo zabo zazinengqiqo yaye zazithetheleleka. Indlela abayibona ngayo, babengenakukhetha ukwenza into abayenzileyo. Babona ukwenzakala komnye umntu njengomncinci kwaye bacinga ukuba ukubekek 'ityala ngokubangela oko akulunganga kwaye akukho ngqiqweni.

Zombini iimbono azinakulunga. Ngapha koko, zombini ezi zimvo ziphosakele. Uphando olulandelayo olwenziwe ngoochwephesha bengqondo lufumanise ukuba bobabini abenzi bobubi kunye namaxhoba bayazigqwetha iinyani zemeko ukuze zilingane namabali abo.

USteven Pinker ubhekisa koku njengeGap Moralization Gap. Kuthetha ukuba nanini na kukho ukungqubana, siphakamisa iinjongo zethu ezilungileyo kwaye sizijongela phantsi iinjongo zabanye. Oku ke kudala ezantsi ukuhla apho sikholelwa abanye kufanelekile Ukohlwaywa ngokuqatha kwaye sifanelwe sisohlwayo esingaphantsi.

Konke oku akukho nto, kunjalo. Abantu, ngelixa besenza oku, bacinga ukuba banengqiqo ngokupheleleyo kwaye baneenjongo. Kodwa abayiyo.

2. AWUNAYO INGCACISO NGOKWENZA WONWABE (OKANYE UNGABUHLUNGU)

Kwincwadi yakhe Ukukhubeka kulonwabo , Isazi ngengqondo saseHarvard uDaniel Gilbert usibonisa ukuba siyancanca xa sikhumbula indlela into esenze saziva ngayo ngaphambili kwaye siqashele indlela into eza kusenza sizive ngayo kwixesha elizayo. Sihlala singazi nokuba siziva njani okwangoku.(Ifoto: Skyler Smith / Unsplash)

Umzekelo, ukuba iqela lakho lezemidlalo olithandayo liphulukana nomdlalo wobuntshatsheli, uziva woyike. Kodwa kuvela inkumbulo yakho yendlela oziva kabuhlungu ngayo ayidibanisi nendlela oziva kakubi ngayo ngelo xesha. Ngapha koko, uhlala ukhumbula izinto ezimbi zimbi kakhulu kunokuba zazinjalo kwaye izinto ezintle zingcono kakhulu kunokuba zazinjalo.

Kwangokunjalo nangokuqikelela kwikamva, sibonisa ukuba izinto ezintle ziya kusenza sizive njani kwaye kanjani ukungonwabi kwezinto ezimbi kuya kusenza sizive . Ngapha koko, sihlala singazi nokuba siziva njani ngalo mzuzu wangoku .

Le yenye yeempikiswano zokungalandeli ulonwabo ngenxa yalo . Yonke idatha ibonakalisa ukuba asazi nokuba luyintoni na ulonwabo, kwaye asikwazi ukulawula ukuba senza ntoni ngalo xa silufezekisile.

3. ULAWULA NGOKULULA UKWENZA IZIGQIBO EZIBI

Wakhe waqubisana nabo bantu esitratweni embindini wedolophu behambisa iincwadana zasimahla okanye iincwadi, kwaye kwangoko nje ukuba uthathe enye, bayakumisa kwaye baqale ukukucela ukuba ujoyine le nto okanye loo nto okanye ubanike imali ngeenjongo zabo? Uyayazi indlela ekwenza uzive ungonwabanga kwaye ungonwabanga kuba ufuna ukuthi 'hayi' kodwa bakunike le nto simahla kwaye awufuni ukuba ngumsipha?

Ewe, oko kungenjongo.

Kuyavela, ukuthatha izigqibo zabantu kunokusetyenziswa ngokulula ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, enye yazo kukunika umntu isipho ngaphambi kokucela ubabalo ngokubuyisela (kwenza ukuba olo lubabalo lubekho).

Okanye uzame oku, kwixa elizayo xa ufuna ukusika emgceni kwenye indawo, buza umntu ukuba unokusika kwaye unike isizathu- nasiphi na isizathu - yithi nje, ndingxamile, okanye ndiyagula, kuye kuthi kanti kwiimvavanyo, ukuba umalunga ne-80% amathuba okuba uvunyelwe ukusika umgca kunokuba ubuze unganiki ngcaciso. Elona candelo limangalisayo: inkcazo ayifuni nokuba nengqondo.

Uqoqosho lwezoqoqosho lubonakalisile ukuba ungalungiswa ngokulula ukuba ukhethe ixabiso elinye ngaphezulu kwelinye ngaphandle kwesizathu. Umzekelo: Ixabiso lentengo(uqeqesho lwezemali.ca)

Ngasekhohlo, umahluko wexabiso ubonakala umkhulu kwaye ungenangqondo. Kodwa yongeza ukhetho lwama- $ 50 kwaye ngequbuliso, ukhetho lwama- $ 30 lubonakala lusengqiqweni kwaye mhlawumbi lunjengomsebenzi olungileyo.

Okanye omnye umzekelo: ungathini ukuba ndikuxelele ukuba nge-2,000 yeedola ungahamba nohambo oluya eParis kunye nesidlo sakusasa kubandakanya, uhambo oluya eRoma ngesidlo sakusasa lubandakanyiwe, okanye uhambo oluya eRoma kungekho sidlo sakusasa esifakiwe. Kuyavela, ngokongeza iRoma ngaphandle kwesidlo sakusasa kubandakanya abantu abaninzi ukuba bakhethe iRoma kuneParis. Ngoba? Kungenxa yokuba xa kuthelekiswa neRoma ngaphandle kwesidlo sakusasa, iRoma ngesidlo sakusasa izandi ngathi yinto enkulu kwaye ubuchopho bethu bulibala ngeParis ngokupheleleyo.

4. NGOKUBANZI WONKE USEBENZISA ISIQINISEKISO SENGQONDO KUNYE NESIZATHU SOKUXHASA IINKOLELO ZAKHO EZIMILEYO

Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba abanye abantu abanomonakalo kwiindawo ezibonakalayo zeengqondo zabo basenokubona kwaye abazi nokwazi oko. Aba bantu are iimfama kwaye baya kukuxelela ukuba abanakubona esabo isandla phambi kobuso babo. Kodwa ukuba ukhanyisa isibane phambi kwabo nokuba kungasekunene okanye ngasekhohlo kwimbonakalo, baya kuba nakho ukuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba leliphi icala elalikulo ngokufuthi kunoko.

Kwaye okwangoku, basaya kukuxelela ukuba kukuqagela okupheleleyo.

Abanawo umkhondo wokuqonda ukuba leliphi icala ukukhanya okukulo, ubuncinci kangakanani izihlangu zakho ezinombala, kodwa ngengqiqo enye, banalo ulwazi malunga nokuba ukukhanya kuphi.

Oku kubonisa i-quirk ehlekisayo malunga nengqondo yomntu: ulwazi kwaye i uvakalelo lokwazi olo lwazi zizinto ezimbini ezahluke ngokupheleleyo.

Kwaye njengaba bantu bangaboniyo, sonke singanalo ulwazi ngaphandle kwemvakalelo yolwazi. Kodwa okwahlukileyo kuyinyani: ungaziva ngathi unento oyaziyo nokuba awuyazi .

Esi sisiseko sazo zonke iintlobo zocalucalulo kunye nobuxoki obusengqiqweni. Ukuqiqa okukhuthazayo kunye Ukukhetha isiqinisekiso zibaleke kakhulu xa singawamkeli umahluko phakathi kwento esiyaziyo kanye naleyo sivakalelwa ngathi siyayazi.

5. IIMVAKALELO ZAKHO ZITSHINTSHA IIMBONO ZAKHO NGAPHEZU KOKUBA UQONDE

Ukuba ufana nabantu abaninzi, ke uhlala uthatha izigqibo ezoyikekayo esekwe kwiimvakalelo zakho. Umntu osebenza naye wenza ihlaya ngezihlangu zakho, uyacaphuka kuba ezo zihlangu uzinikwe ngumakhulu wakho oswelekileyo, ke ngoko uthathe isigqibo sokuba ubatyhafise aba bantu kwaye uyeke umsebenzi ukuze uphile ngentlalontle. Ayisiyo isigqibo esisiso.

Kodwa linda, iya isiba mandundu.

Kuyavela ukuba ukuphepha nje ukuthatha izigqibo ezibalulekileyo ngelixa uvakalelo alonelanga. Kuya kuvela ukuba iimvakalelo zinempembelelo ekuthathweni kwezigqibo zakho Iintsuku, iiveki okanye iinyanga kamva, nasemva kokuba uphole kwaye uhlalutye imeko ngakumbi. Yintoni eyothusayo ngakumbi neyokuchasana ngakumbi kukuba nokuba iimvakalelo ezinobulali kunye nokuphila okufutshane ngexesha elinye kunokuba nefuthe lexesha elide kwisigqibo sakho sokwenza indlela phantsi kwendlela.

Masithi umhlobo wakho ufuna ukudibana neziselo. Kodwa ngasizathu sithile, umlindi wakho uyenyuka kwaye uqala uthango. Awufuni ukuzibophelela kwangoko, nangona uyamthanda lo mhlobo kwaye ufuna ukuchitha ixesha kunye nabo. Ulumke malunga nokwenza izicwangciso eziqinileyo kunye nabo kodwa awuqinisekanga ukuba kutheni.

Into oyilibalayo kukuba ubunomnye umhlobo owayeshushu-emva koko-ebanda nawe kudala. Akukho nto iphambili, umntu nje oqaqadekileyo ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu amaxesha ambalwa. Uqhubeka ngobomi bakho kwaye ulibale ngayo ngokupheleleyo kwaye ubuhlobo bakho nalo mhlobo ekugqibeleni buqhelekile.

Kwaye okwangoku, ikwenze wacaphuka kancinci kwaye wenzakala kancinci. Awuzange ucaphuke, kodwa wakukhathaza okomzuzwana, kwaye ngokungazi wafaka loo mvakalelo kude. Kodwa ngoku, inkumbulo yakho engacacanga kwaye ubukhulu becala engekho zingqondweni yomhlobo wakho odangeleyo ikwenza ukuba ubeke unogada kunye nomhlobo wakho omtsha, nangona ingumntu owahluke ngokupheleleyo kunye nemeko eyahlukileyo.

Ngokusisiseko, uhlala usebenzisa iinkumbulo yeemvakalelo obukhe wanazo ngaxeshanye njengesiseko sezigqibo ozenzayo kwelinye ixesha, mhlawumbi iinyanga okanye iminyaka kamva. Into yile, uyenza ngalo lonke ixesha kwaye uyenza ngokungazi. Iimvakalelo ongazikhumbuliyo nokuba neminyaka emithathu edlulileyo zinokuba nefuthe ekubeni ungahlali ngaphakathi ubukele iTV okanye uphume nabahlobo bakho ngokuhlwanje- okanye Joyina ihlelo .

Sithetha ngeenkumbulo…

6. ISIKHUMBUZO SAKHO SIHAMBA

U-Elizabeth Loftus ngomnye wabaphandi abaphambili kwimemori, kwaye uya kuba ngowokuqala ukukuxelela oko inkumbulo yakho iyadika .

Ngokusisiseko, ufumanise ukuba iinkumbulo zethu zeziganeko ezidlulileyo ziguqulwa ngokulula ngamanye amava adlulileyo kunye / okanye ngolwazi olutsha, olungachanekanga. Nguye owenza wonke umntu ukuba aqonde ukuba ubungqina bokuzibonela ayisiyiyo ngokwenene imigangatho yegolide abantu ababecinga ukuba yayisezindlini zenkundla.

ILoftus kunye nabanye abaphandi bafumanise ukuba:

• Ayisiyiyo kuphela into yokuba iinkumbulo zethu zeziganeko ziphela ngokuhamba kwexesha, zikwachaphazeleka ngakumbi kulwazi lobuxoki njengoko ixesha lihamba.
• Isilumkiso kubantu ukuba iinkumbulo zabo zinokuqulatha ulwazi olungelulo akusoloko kunceda ekupheliseni ulwazi olungeyonyani.
• Okukhona unovelwano, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba ufake ulwazi olungelulo kwinkumbulo yakho.
• Akunakwenzeka kuphela ukuba iinkumbulo ziguqulwe ngolwazi olungeyonyani, kunokwenzeka ngalo iphelele iinkumbulo eziza kutyalwa. Sichaphazeleka ngakumbi koku xa amalungu osapho okanye abanye abantu esibathembayo ingabo abatyala iinkumbulo.

Iinkumbulo zethu, ke ngoko, aziphantse zithembeke njengoko sinokucinga- kwanezo sicinga ukuba siyazi ukuba zilungile, thina yazi ziyinyani. Imemori yakho iyasondela(Ifoto: Pexels)

Ngapha koko, izazinzulu ngengqondo zinokuxela kwangaphambili ukuba awuzukukhumbula kakuhle umsitho ngokusekwe kwipateni yakho yomsebenzi wobuchopho xa uhlangabezana nayo. Imemori yakho emnandi ibonakala yakhelwe ngqo kwisoftware yobuchopho bakho kwezinye iimeko. Kodwa kutheni?

Ekuqaleni, oku kunokubonakala ngathi uMama weNdalo ujijekile xa kuziwa kwimemori yabantu. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ngekhe usebenzise ikhompyuter elahlekileyo okanye etshintshe iifayile zakho emva kokuba uyekile ukusebenza kuzo.

Kodwa ingqondo yakho ayigcini i-spreadsheet kunye neefayile zombhalo kwaye ikati GIFs . Ewe iinkumbulo zethu zisinceda sifunde kwiziganeko zangaphambili ezithiyori zisinceda ukuba senze izigqibo ezingcono kwikamva. Kodwa imemori inenye into esingafane sicinge ngayo, kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye inzima kakhulu kunokugcina nje ulwazi.

Njengabantu, sidinga isazisi, imvakalelo yokuba 'singobani', ukuze sikwazi ukuhamba ngendlela entsonkothileyo kwezentlalo kwaye, eneneni, ukwenza nje ikaka yenziwe ixesha elininzi. Iinkumbulo zethu zisinceda senze ubuni bethu ngokusinika ibali lethu elidlulileyo.

Ngale ndlela, akunamsebenzi ukuba iinkumbulo zethu zichanekile kangakanani. Yonke into ebalulekileyo kukuba sinomdla wexesha lethu elidlulileyo kwiintloko zethu ezenza loo nxalenye yengqondo yokuba singobani, ukuqonda kwethu. Kwaye endaweni yokusebenzisa i-100% yeenguqulelo ezichanekileyo zeenkumbulo zethu ukwenza oku, kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa iinkumbulo ezingacacanga kwaye ugcwalise iinkcukacha kubhabho ngandlela thile ukuze zilingane nohlobo 'lwethu' esizenzileyo kwaye yiza kwamkela.

Mhlawumbi uyakhumbula ukuba umntakwenu nabahlobo bakhe babedla ngokukhetha kuwe kwaye kwakubuhlungu ngamanye amaxesha. Kuwe, oku kuchaza ukuba kutheni unengxaki ye-neurotic kwaye unxhala kwaye uyazazi. Kodwa mhlawumbi khange ikwenzakalise njengoko ucinga ukuba yenzekile. Mhlawumbi xa wena khumbula xa umntakwenu wakuthatha, uthatha iimvakalelo uziva ngoku kwaye uzibeke kulezo nkumbulo-iimvakalelo ezinengxaki yexhala kunye nexhala kunye nokuzithemba-nangona ezo mvakalelo zingenakuba nanto yakwenza nomzalwana wakho ekukhethele.

Kuphela ngoku, le nkumbulo yokuba umzalwana wakho ukhohlakele kwaye ikwenza uzive ungalunganga ngalo lonke ixesha, nokuba yinyani okanye akunjalo, iyahambelana nobuntu bakho obunemithambo-luvo, oxhalabileyo, okukugcina ekwenzeni izinto ezinokubangela iintloni kwaye iintlungu ezingakumbi ebomini bakho. Ngokusisiseko, icacisa izicwangciso ozisebenzisayo ukufikelela kulo mhla.

Kwaye ke unokubuza, Kulungile, Phawu, uthi 'ngubani endicinga ukuba ndinguye' luluhlu nje lweengcinga ezenziwe phakathi kweendlebe zam?

Ewe. Ewe ndim.

7. ‘AKUKHO OCINGA UKUBA UNGUBANI

Cinga oku kulandelayo okomzuzwana: Indlela ozibonakalisa ngayo kunye nendlela ozibonisa ngayo, yithi, iFacebook mhlawumbi ayifani ncam nendlela ozibonisa ngayo kwaye uziveza ngokwakho xa ungaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi. Indlela owenza ngayo xa ujikeleze umakhulu wakho mhlawumbi yahlukile kwindlela oziphethe ngayo ujonge abahlobo bakho. Unomsebenzi wedwa kunye nekhaya kunye nosapho kwaye ndihleli ndedwa ndedwa kunye nezinye izinto ozisebenzisayo ukuhamba kunye nokusinda kwihlabathi elinentlalo.

Kodwa yeyiphi kwezi eyinyani kuwe?

Unokucinga ukuba enye yezi nguqulelo zakho iyinyani kunezinye, kodwa kwakhona, konke okwenzayo kukuphindaphinda ibali elibalulekileyo kuwe entlokweni yakho, leyo, njengoko sibonileyo, yenziwe ngaphandle koku- ulwazi olugqibeleleyo.

Kule minyaka ingamashumi idlulileyo, oososayikholojisti bezentlalo baqala ukufumanisa into ekunzima ukuba siyamkele: ukuba uluvo lomntu ozimeleyo-ongaguqukiyo, osisigxina -yinto engekhoyo. Kwaye uphando olutsha luqala ukufumanisa ukuba ingqondo ingayakha njani imvakalelo yokuzimela kunye nendlela iziyobisi zengqondo ezinokuthi ziyitshintshe ngayo okwethutyana ingqondo ukuba ichithe indlela esizijonga ngayo, ebonisa ukuba ziyintoni na ezomzuzwana kwaye zikhohlisa.

Isimanga sayo yonke le nto, nangona kunjalo, kukuba ezi zilingo zintle ezipapashwe kwiincwadi ezintle nakwiijenali ngabantu abathandekayo abaneeleta ezintle emva kwamagama abo - ewe, bathetha oko iimonki bezithetha Izithethe zefilosofi zaseMpuma isithuba seminyaka engamawaka embalwa ngoku, kwaye ekuphela kwento ababefanele ukuyenza yayikukuhlala emiqolombeni kwaye bangacingi kwanto iminyaka embalwa.

ENtshona, uluvo lomntu ozimeleyo lubaluleke kakhulu kumaziko enkcubeko - singasathethi ke ishishini lentengiso -Kwaye sibanjelwe ekuqondeni ukuba singoobani kangangokuba kunqabile ukuba sime ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo ukuba siqwalasele ukuba ingaba ingumbono oluncedo na ukuqala ngawo. Mhlawumbi umbono wokuba singobani okanye ukuzifumanisa usithintela kanye njengokuba usinceda. Mhlawumbi lisivalela ngeendlela ezininzi kunokusikhulula. Ewe kuluncedo ukwazi into oyifunayo okanye into oyithandayo, kodwa ungasalandela amaphupha kwaye iinjongo ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kolu luvo lungqongqo lwesiqu sakho.

Okanye, njengefilosofi enkulu uBruce Lee wakubeka:

8. AMAVA AKHO EMZIMBENI EHLABATHINI AKUKHO NANYANISO

Unenkqubo yemithambo-luvo emangalisayo esoloko ithumela ulwazi kwingqondo yakho. Ngoqikelelo oluthile, iinkqubo zakho zemithambo-ukubona, ukuchukumisa, ukujoja, ukuva, incasa kunye nokulingana-thumela malunga nezigidi ezili-11 zeenkcukacha kulwazi lwakho mzuzwana ngamnye .

Kodwa nayo le yinto engenakulinganiswa, isilayidi esincinci esingenakulinganiswa sommandla okujikelezile. Ukukhanya esikwaziyo ukukubona kuyahlekisa ibhanti encinci yombane we-electromagnetic . Iintaka nezinambuzane zinokubona iinxalenye zayo esingenako thina. Izinja ziyakuva kwaye zinuke izinto esingazazi nokuba zikhona. Iinkqubo zethu zemithambo-luvo ayingoomatshini bokuqokelela idatha ngokwenyani njengoomatshini bokucoca idatha. Amava akho omzimba wehlabathi awanyani.(Ifoto: UChristopher Campbell)

Ngaphezulu kwayo yonke loo nto, ingqondo yakho ebonakalayo ibonakala ikwazi ukuphatha malunga ne-60 bits yolwazi ngomzuzwana xa ubandakanyeka kwimisebenzi ekrelekrele (ukufunda, ukudlala isixhobo, njl.).

Ke, okona kulungileyo, uyazi kuphela malunga ne-0.000005454% yolwazi esele luguqulwe kakhulu ukuba ingqondo yakho ifumana umzuzwana ngamnye uvukile.

Ukubeka loo mbono, cinga ukuba ngegama ngalinye olibonileyo nelifundileyo kweli nqaku, kukho amagama angama-536,303,630 amanye abhaliweyo kodwa awuboni.

Yindlela esisiseko esihamba ngayo ubomi suku ngalunye.

UMark Manson ngumbhali, ibhlog kunye nosomashishini obhalayo markmanson.net .