UBhillionaire Usomashishini uWarren Buffett.Ifoto nguSteve Pope / Getty Izithombe Kwi-2015, xa ndandihlala phantsi ndifunda zonke iileta zikaWarren Buffett zonyaka ezivela kwiminyaka eli-10 eyadlulayo, umhlaba wawuza kuthi, ngaba awunomdla kangako. I-China yayikho okanye yayingekho ekunciphiseni , Imarike yesitokhwe yase-US yayikhona okanye yayingekho kumbhobho kwaye i I-EU yayi okanye ayizange iwe . Ekuphela kwento onokuthi uyongeze kule micimbi ingentla, iminyaka emibini ezantsi emgceni, kukuba amanye amazwe angaphezulu, siya kuthi, sinobuzwe.
UWarren Buffett ukhuphe olona hlobo lutshanje lweleta yakhe yonyaka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, kwaye ndaziva ngathi iya kuba lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuhlaziya izifundo zam ngokufunda iileta zonyaka ze-2015 kunye ne-2016. Ke, nantsi indawo (ikakhulu) yeshishini engacacanga kunye nezifundo zobomi ekufundeni iminyaka eli-12 yeeleta zeBerkshire Hathaway kubanini zabelo:
Nika amandla abantu abakungqongileyo kwaye uya kumangaliswa kukuba baya kukusa kude kangakanani (nokuba zenzani kwiimarike). Njengokuba iileta zimalunga namanani kunye nendlela ezisebenza ngayo iinkampani zephothifoliyo, uninzi lweetekisi lunikezelwe kubantu abasemva kwamanani. UWarren Buffett (kunye noCharlie Munger) bagqibelele ubugcisa bokuxhobisa abantu abafanelekileyo ukuba bafezekise iziphumo ezintle. Akumangalisi, sisiseko sobudlelwane phakathi kwaba bahlobo bexesha elide. Uninzi lwabatyali mali abazabelani ngee-anecdotes malunga nabantu abaqhuba iinkampani zabo, ii-anecdotes zininzi malunga noLorimer Davidson we-GEICO, uAjit Jain, Tad Mantross, Ted Weschler, James Hambrick waseLubrizol, uFrank Ptak waseMarmon njlnjl. nceda ezi ngcali zeshishini. Ngengqondo enjengale abantu bakhe abanakukhetha ngaphandle kokuphefumlelwa ukuba baphumeze izinto ezinkulu abaqhubeka nokufikelela kuzo. Kuya kusebenza okufanayo kunye namaqela akho / nomsebenzi.
Kuninzi okunokuthethwa ngethuku. Oku kuyadlala kwakhona kwaye kwakhona ekukhetheni iinkampani kwipotfoliyo ye-BRK. Izinto ezisisiseko kufuneka zibe zeziphilileyo, ubunkokheli kufuneka bunyaniseke kwaye amanani kufuneka enze ingqiqo. Ngolo hlobo. Phantse kubo bonke oonobumba yingxelo Njengokuba mna noCharlie sithetha ngexabiso loshishino lwangaphakathi, asinakukuxelela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba leliphi inani lezabelo zeBerkshire (okanye, enyanisweni, nakwesiphi na isitokhwe) xa sithetha ngeXabiso leShishini eliPhakathi . Kumadoda aphumeleleyo njengoWarren Buffet kunye noCharlie Munger (ukuba akathotyelwanga migaqo) banokuphuma baphose amanani kodwa kubonakala ngathi bahlala bebuyele kwinto abayikholelwayo. Ngamanye amaxesha amanani awanakho ukuchaza into oyaziyo ngexabiso. Beka enye indlela: Ungayazi imali kodwa ngaba uyazi ixabiso?
Awunakho ukuhlawula ingqalelo enkulu kwinkcubeko yenkampani. Eli nqanaba lokuqwalaselwa lihlawulwe ngokucacileyo kwinkcubeko ye-BRK. Ukuqala kwam ukubhala uguqulelo lwangaphambili lwesi sithuba kwi-2015, ndazibuza ukuba zithini izimvo zikaWarren Buffett kwi-Uber kunye nemicimbi ngenkcubeko yenkampani eyayinayo inkampani ngelo xesha. Ngelishwa, akukho nto itshintshileyo. Ileta ka-2010 icaphule u-Churchill esithi Ubumba izindlu zakho emva koko bakwakhe . Nokuba ukhetha ukuyinaka okanye hayi, inkampani yakho inenkcubeko.
Kukho ubulumko kwizimvo eziqinileyo, ezibuthathaka. Kuze uWarren Buffett adibane noCharlie Munger wayesenza imali (uninzi lwayo) ethenga amashishini afanelekileyo ngamaxabiso amahle. UCharlie wamenza watshintsha ingqondo kwaye wagxila ekuthengeni amashishini amnandi ngamaxabiso afanelekileyo. Yicingisise loo nto. Ugqibele nini ukutshintsha ingqondo uyeke ukwenza into ebonakala ngathi iyasebenza kuba umntu ekucebise ngcono? Isenokuba lixesha lokutshintsha ezinye izinto. (Inqaku elisecaleni: Kwimibono eyomeleleyo, ndingacebisa ukuba ufunde Ileta ka-2011 Kutheni le nto ungafunanga ukonwaba xa imarike yemasheya inyuka.)
Ukuze uphumelele kufuneka uqiniseke, ube nokuzimisela kwaye ugcine iliso eliqinileyo kwixesha elide . Kwiminyaka emininzi emininzi. I-BRK yenze utyalo-mali lwabo lokuqala lwe-inshurensi-ukuthengwa kwe-National Indemnity nge-8.6 yezigidi zeedola-ngo-1967. I-portfolio ye-inshurensi iyodwa yenza i-2.7 yezigidigidi zeedola ngo-2014, kwaye iNational Indemnity ine-GAAP exabisa i-111 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi. Omnye umzekelo; xa wonke umntu wayebaleka kwimali mboleko ngo-2007-2008, i-BRK, ngotyalo-mali lwayo lweMarmon, ibambekile kubanini bayo bekhola eblue kwaye ngoku ingabanini beepesenti ezingama-45 zamakhaya enziwe e-US anamaxabiso asezantsi kunabantu okhuphisana nabo ababolekise ngemali ephezulu umvuzo (kodwa ' ithambile ’) Abafumanayo. Oko kwathiwa, uMarmon ulahlekelwe yimali ngo-2016 (kwaye uya kuthi ngo-2017), kodwa sicinga ixesha elide apha. Ukubeka ngokungafaniyo uBuffett, isiphoso asikho kwiinkwenkwezi zethu, kukuwe nakwikamva lethu elifutshane ukucinga malunga nembuyekezo kutyalo-mali.
Gcina isimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo ekufumaneni ubutyebi. UWarren Buffett yindoda enomdla omkhulu, ngaphandle kwayo yonke into ayenzileyo. Usenokukuqonda oku kwithoni elula yeeleta zonyaka ezithathayo. Ukucaphula, ngokufunyanwa kukaVan Tuyl, i-BRK ngoku ineenkampani eziyi-9 1⁄2 ezinokudweliswa kwi-Fortune 500 ukuba bezizimele (i-Heinz yi-1⁄2). Oko kushiya iintlanzi ezingama-490 1⁄2 elwandle. Imigca yethu iphumile. Ukuloba elwandle kweenkampani ezinkulu emhlabeni kunye nokukhanya kwembono ekwabelwana ngayo kuloo mgca sisifundo sendlela yokusondela kwishishini: njengomdlalo. Kwaye njengoko uBuffett esitsho ngobulumko kwi Imidlalo yeeleta zika-2013 iphumelele ngabadlali abagxile ebaleni lokudlala (ixesha elide) - hayi ngabo banamehlo athe nca kwibhodi yamanqaku (ixesha elifutshane) .
Ukuze uphumelele kufuneka ube nembono entle ekhulayo ngokusekwe kuphando olomeleleyo lolwalathiso lwexesha elide lwamashishini. Olu luvo luqinisekileyo, ngaphandle kokuthetha rhabaxa okusetyenziswa ngoosopolitiki bethu ukuhlanganisa abaxhasi emva kwabo, kubonakaliswe kulayini ulandelayo: Nangona sizakuhlala sityala imali nakwamanye amazwe, amathuba omama ahamba eMelika. Ubutyebi obutyhiliweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku bufutshane kakhulu ngabo bangasetyenziswanga.
Soloko uyigcina ilula kwaye ibonakala. Iileta zibhalwe ngolwimi olucacileyo. Kodwa into elula iyaluxhasa ubume obuntsonkothileyo beekhonsepthi ezixoxwayo. Ithetha ukuqonda amashishini kwinqanaba eliphezulu kuninzi 'lweengcali' phaya. ( S Inqaku le-ide: Elula alichasananga nobunzima. Oku kungafihli nto kubangelwa kukwabelana ngezimvo emva kwezigqibo uninzi lwabatyali mali okanye abaninizabelo abanokungavumelani nazo (umz.I-BH ayikhuphi izabelo ngelixa ifumana izabelo kwiinkampani zayo). Kuyacaca ukuba ihlawulwe.
Vuma xa ungalunganga kwaye ufunde kwiimpazamo. Sizizilwanyana eziqhutywa yi-ego kodwa kuzo zonke iileta uBuffett uthetha ngempumelelo kunye nokusilela ngobunzulu obufanayo kwaye ukukhanya . Ngo-2014 uWarren Buffett ubhala abambalwa, nangona kunjalo, banembuyekezo embi kakhulu, sisiphumo seempazamo ezinzulu endizenzileyo kumsebenzi wam wolwabiwo-mali. Khange ndilahlekiswe: bendiphosakele kuvavanyo lwam ngamandla kuqoqosho lwenkampani okanye kwishishini elisebenza kulo. Yotyalo-mali lwakhe kwi Amandla eKamva ngo 2013 uyabhala khange ndibuze kuCharlie. UBuffett ngewayenze izinto ezimbalwa ekubhekiseni kwezi mpazamo i) ndityhola isigqibo esibi kwiqela lakhe, njengoko uninzi lweenkokheli ezoyikisayo zisenza; ii) gxotha isigwebo esibi ekukhanyeni kwazo zonke ezinye izinto ezinkulu abelane ngazo kwileta. Endaweni yoko, wabelana ngempazamo kwaye wabelana ngento ayenzileyo engalunganga. Ubheja ukuba akazukuphinda enze ezo mpazamo.
Ezona mpumelelo zakho zibalulekileyo akufuneki zibezemali (ngaphandle kwamaxabiso ezinye zeefemu ezinkulu ezibonakala zinjalo). Ukujonga ubungakanani beBerkshire Hathaway, kuyayivuthuza ingqondo yam ukuba ingxelo enje iya kuvela: Olona phuhliso lubaluleke kakhulu eBerkshire ngo-2015 lwalungeyiyo eyemali, nangona yayikhokelela kwimivuzo engcono. Emva kokusebenza kakubi ngo-2014, uloliwe wethu we-BNSF wayiphucula kakhulu inkonzo yayo kubathengi kulo nyaka uphelileyo kwi Ileta ka-2015 . Ingumgca olula obonisa i-crux yesizathu sokuba uWarren Buffett noCharlie Munger (kwaye baya kuhlala besaziwa) njengababini babatyali mali abaphambili;Ujoliso luhlala lusebenza ngendlela onokumnceda ngayo umthengi wakho. Imali iya kulandela.
Iintsana ezizalwe eMelika namhlanje zezona zisityalo sinethamsanqa kwimbali nokwahluka kwezo ntsana (ngaphandle kwempendulo) iya kuba ngamandla eMelika iminyaka emininzi ezayo . Ixabiso elikhulu ukusuka kwincwadana yeendaba ka-2016 , kwaye enye efanelekileyo kulo mzuzu kwimbali yethu, amaMelika adibanise ubukrelekrele babantu, inkqubo yentengiso, umkhondo weetalente kunye abaphambukeli abanamabhongo , kunye nomthetho womthetho wokuhambisa intabalala ngaphaya kwawo onke amaphupha ookhokho bethu.
Isifundo sokugqibela siyindida kwaye siyazibona (kum kunjalo): Iminyaka eli-12 ayiloxesha lide . Ziintsuku ezingama-4380 kwaye xa ibekwa ngaloo ndlela iziva imfutshane nangakumbi. Imiba yeshishini esithetha ngalo ngoku - iimarike zisenyuka zisihla, isantya sotshintsho siyanda, iinkampani ezindala ezingazenzi izinto ezintsha ziyafa, oko kuthethwa bubunkokheli obutsha elizweni njlnjl. - zizinto ebesithetha ngazo kwiminyaka eli-12 eyadlulayo. . Iminyaka emine iya kudlula ngokukhawuleza.
Izinto ziyatshintsha kodwa izinto zihlala zinjalo, sifumana nje iindlela ezintsha zokuzothusa ngazo…
Ngelixa ndingavumelani notyalo-mali lwe-BRK olusekwe ekusebenziseni kwethu izibonelelo zendalo ezingazinzanga, ndiyakubongoza ukuba ufunde iileta zonyaka ngamanye amaxesha okanye ubuncinci ufunde ezinye zazo Eyona nto ibalaseleyo kaWarren Buffett uotes. Kukho ubulumko obuninzi kulawo maphepha.
USeyyi Fabode ubhala kwaye athethe ngetekhnoloji, ukuvelisa izinto ezintsha, kunye neshishini. Ungumlingani eAsha Labs, itekhnoloji kunye nokuqina kokucebisa inkampani. Nguye umbhali Izifundo ezingama-40 ezingaBonakaliyo . Mlandele kuPhakathi kwi Seyi_Fab (apho le post kwavela kuqala ) kunye ne-Twitter @SeyiFabo .
