UDiane di Prima uzisa abaFazi beBeat Generation ngaphambili kwiNcwadi eNtsha

Endleleni nguJack Kerouac, ohlala ethathwa njengomnye weyona misebenzi ibalulekileyo yoncwadi eza kuphuma kwiBeat Generation, iqala: Ndaqala ukudibana noDean kungekude emva kokuba mna nomfazi wam sehlukene. Ziziganeko ezibini ezikhuthaza indlela eya kubeka iKerouac kwimephu. Ukwenza iikhowudi apha kucacile. I-Beats, eyona nto iphambili kubo, yayingamadoda abaleka izinto-nokuba yinkcubeko yabathengi, amaxhala ezopolitiko, okanye, rhoqo, abafazi ababebaziva ngathi babatyhalela kwezi zinto. Ngokuhambelana neKerouac, uninzi lweencwadi ezibethiweyo zeBeat zilandela amabali ala madoda, nabafazi babambelele ecaleni.

Akunjalo ukuba abafazi babengekho ukubetha, okanye ukuba babengabhali. Injalo into yokuba kwingxelo elawulwa ngamadoda afana noKerouac no-Allen Ginsberg, uWilliam S. Burroughs noHerbert Huncke, kunqabile ukuba bathethe ngako. Nokuba imbongi eyaziwayo kakhulu njengoDiane di Prima incinci kunombhalo osemazantsi kwimbali yesiqhelo seBeat Generation, iincwadi zakhe ezingama-40 ezingaqhelekanga ziyehliselwa kwisivakalisi esinye kwicandelwana elingcwatyelweyo lephepha le-Wikipedia.

Bhalisela iNcwadana yeendaba yoBugcisa

Ngoku, phantse ikota yesithathu yenkulungwane ukusukela kumhla we Beat, incwadi entsha ka Prima, IiAnnali zaseNtwasahlobo naseKwindla , ezakukhutshwa ngoMeyi ngabaPapashi bezibane zeSixeko, uthembisa ngokukhanyisa indlela yokuphila yamagcisa amantombazana aselula ngo-1950 kwisiXeko saseNew York, nge-di Prima ethatha indawo yakhe eyiyo njengezwi eliphambili le Beat Beat.

Inzalelwane yeSixeko saseNew York, u-di Prima wazalelwa eBrooklyn ngo-1934. Wayefunda kwiKholeji yase-Swarthmore kangangeminyaka emibini kodwa wayeka, ebuyela eGreenwich Village ngo-1954 ukuze abe yimbongi, ekugqibeleni, wajoyina umbutho we-Beat. Ngeli xesha, wahlakulela ubuhlobo kunye nabadlali abakhulu kwiBeat Generation, kubandakanya iKerouac, iGinsberg, Amiri Baraka, kunye noFrank O'Hara. Waye walungelelanisa imagazini yoncwadi Ibhere edadayo noBaraka iminyaka eliqela, eqinisa indawo awayeyifumana phakathi kwababhali beBeat abadumileyo. Ukuba oku akwanelanga, kulo lonke ikhondo lomsebenzi wakhe uPrima uqokelele amabhaso amaninzi, waseka amaziko obugcisa, kwaye wafundisa kwizikolo ezininzi nakwiikholeji. Iimbali ligalelo lakhe lakutshanje kumsebenzi omkhulu oguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezingaphezu kwama-20.

NguPrima wayilwa kwasekuqaleni Iimbali Ngo-1964 emva kokuba umhlobo wakhe osenyongweni uFreddie Herko ethathe ubomi bakhe eneminyaka engama-29. Ekwintlungu yakhe, waqala ukubhala iileta zobusuku eziya kuHerko, evelisa umbhalo-ngqangi owawuza kuthi kamva Iimbali .

Incwadi iyimbeko kuHerko, kodwa ikwayimbeko kubo bonke ababhali, amagcisa kunye nabavukeli abenza uluntu lwaseBeat oluhlala ePrima. UDi Prima ubhala ngomtshato wakhe onengxaki kunye nokuqhomfa okusamkhathaza nanamhlanje, malunga nokuhlelwa kwekopi kaHerbert Huncke odumileyo kunye nokuthatha i-LSD, malunga nokuthandana nabanye abantu basetyhini nokwenza izindlu zokuhlala ezonakeleyo zivakale ngathi kusekhaya. Ngokusebenzisa izipho zakhe zokujonga ngononophelo kunye nokurekhoda ngenkuthalo, di Prima's Iimbali izisa abafundi kwihlabathi le-Beat elingachazwanga ngabantu, kodwa lichazwe ngu-di Prima.

Namhlanje, umbono wokuba umntu obhinqileyo uchaza umbono wokubhala kuye mhlawumbi awukho ngqongqo kangako. Kodwa ubuninzi bokubhala kweBeat, nditsho nokubhala kweBeat okuveliswe ngabafazi, kujikeleze amadoda ombutho. Abasetyhini badlala nje kancinci kunendima esikiweyo yekhadibhodi kwiinoveli zikaKerouac, ngunina kuphela osondeleyo ekuphathweni okomntu. (UJoyce Johnson ukhumbula kwimemo yakhe yeBeat Abalinganiswa abancinci ukuba nanini na xa ebuza uKerouac ukuba kutheni engenako ukubandakanya abafazi kuhambo lwakhe, Uyakundimisa esithi eyona nto ndiyifunayo ziintsana. Yile nto yonke le nto yayifunwa ngabafazi kwaye ndandiyifuna nam, nangona ndathi andiyifuni. (Yikes.) Mhlawumbi yiloo nto uJohnson ezibeka kwindima yomkhangeli kwimemori yakhe, ethatha isitulo sangasemva kwiingcinga zikaKerouac. Nditsho nomsebenzi kaPrima wangaphambili Imemori yeBeatnik uye wagxekwa Ukuxhomekeka kwinkcubeko enomdla kwaba bafazi njengezinto ezinokwabelana ngesondo kwiBeat yezifundo ezingamadoda, njengoko uLuhlu lweeNcwadi lubeka, kwaye bawela kumgibe wokubandakanya ezi zinto kanye ebezama ukubhukuqa. UDiane kwizikhumbuzo zePrima zeBeatnik.Unombombiya

Kunye Iimbali , eya kukhutshwa ngokuhambelana nohlelo olutsha lwe-di Prima's Iileta zoHlaziyo , I-Prima inethuba lokubhentsisa icala le-Beat Generation esele ihleli ingachongiwe. Unokunceda ekubumbeni umbono wethu ngendima edlalwa ngabafazi kumbutho, ehlonipha imisebenzi yabo esasokola ukubaleka izithunzi zeKerouac kunye namakhwenkwe.

Ewe kunjalo, kunokuba nokunciphisa ukunciphisa i-Prima kwiklabhu yamakhwenkwe eBeat. Ayikuko ukuba i-Prima yayingeyiyo iBeat kwi-1950s, ibanjwa ngezityholo zamanyala Ibhere edadayo kwaye ngokubanzi uzibandakanya kuyo yonke imisebenzi efanayo neempawu zakhe zamadoda. Ubomi buka di Prima njenge mbongi baqala kudala ngaphambi koko, eneminyaka esixhenxe, kwaye kubonakala ngathi iminqweno yakhe ibisoloko igqitha kwimvukelo yeembono ezininzi ezenziwa ziincwadi zeBeat. Ewe, umbongo wakhe: Uyilo lokuqala: Imbongi Isifungo seOfisi , awayibhala emva kokuba ebizwa ngokuba yiSan Francisco's Poet Laureate ngo-2009, iqala:

Ngumbongo endiwusebenzayo
ekhanyayo, ngokuhamba kwexesha
loo mbhiyozo
womphefumlo womntu

Nge di Prima, iBeat Generation isathetha. Kuphela ngoku, kumashumi eminyaka kamva, ekugqibeleni sifumana ibali elipheleleyo, elijikelezileyo lokuba ngubani na oko kuthetha ntoni.