Kwi-Big Bend National Park yaseSanta Elena Canyon, iRio Grande yahlula iUnited States (ekhohlo) eMexico (ngasekunene).I-Flickr kaKen Lund I-United States neMexico babelane ngomda wabo wangoku wamazwe aphesheya phantse iminyaka eyi-170. Namhlanje bayasebenzisana kumanqanaba amaninzi kwimicimbi echaphazela ummandla wemida, nangona ngekhe uyazi kwi-rhetoric esahlukileyo esiyiva kuwo omabini la mazwe. Ukugxila kuka-Mongameli uTrump ekwakheni udonga lomda kusongela ukujongela phantsi amanyathelo amaninzi, kunye indawo esihlala kuyo ekwabelwana ngayo .
Njengomphengululi ojolise kucwangciso lwedolophu kunye noyilo kwingingqi yomda, ndisebenze noluntu kuwo omabini la mazwe ukubuyisela imeko-bume edolophini nakwezendalo. Ndibona amandla amakhulu okuba izibonelelo eziluhlaza -Iprojekthi ezisebenzisa iinkqubo zendalo eziphilayo ukuhambisa izibonelelo ebantwini nakwimeko yendawo. Le ndlela inokunceda ukunciphisa ukungcoliseka komoya namanzi, ukubuyisela imihlaba kunye neendawo zokuhlala kunye nokuhlaziya izityalo, izilwanyana kunye noluntu.
Ndikwabona nethuba lokuba iMexico kunye neMelika zisebenze kunye kwinqanaba elikhulu kakhulu. Endaweni yokuchitha amawaka ezigidi zeedola kudonga lomda, nanku omnye umbono: ukuphinda uzenzele Umlambo omkhulu , ezenza ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha somda, ukwenza undoqo wepaki ye-binational ebonisa indawo yethu enomtsalane ekwabelwana ngayo.
Namhlanje umlambo ivolumu iyancipha , ngenxa yotshintsho lwemozulu kunye nokutshintsha kwamanzi kwezolimo kunye nokusetyenziswa komasipala. Ungcoliswe zizichumisi nogutyulo, kwaye unjalo ilahlekile ubuncinci beentlobo zeentlanzi zemveli ezisixhenxe . Ukuyibuyisela kwakhona kuya kuvelisa izibonelelo ezinkulu zezilwanyana zasendle, ezolimo, ezolonwabo kunye noluntu kumacala omabini. 
I-Rio Grande inyuka emazantsi-kumbindi weColorado kwaye ibaleka i-1,885 yeekhilomitha ukuya kwiGulf of Mexico.Kmusser
Imingeni yendalo esingqongileyo emdeni
I-Mexico kunye ne-United States batyikitye izivumelwano ezininzi ezilawula umda, ukuqala nge Isivumelwano seGuadalupe Hidalgo ngo-1848. Ngo-1944 benza i IKhomishini yaMazwe ngaMazwe naManzi ukulawula ukunikezelwa kwamanzi, umgangatho wamanzi kunye nokulawulwa kwezikhukula kwingingqi yomda.
Imiba yokusingqongileyo echaphazela uluntu emngceleni ibandakanya Ukulahlwa kwelindle eluhlaza, ungcoliseko lweekhemikhali kunye nezikhukula . Ukuphulukana nendawo ezihlala kuyo - iindawo eziluhlaza eziluhlaza kunxweme lomlambo - kunciphise umthunzi kunye nokupholisa kwendalo kwimimandla esezidolophini zomlambo.
Ukuyiqonda le micimbi, iUnited States neMexico zamisela IKhomishini yeNtsebenziswano kwezeNdalo Kwiphepha lesivumelwano saseMntla Melika. Lo mbutho uxhasa ngemali iinkqubo zokusingqongileyo eziphakanyiswe luluntu lwasekuhlaleni kunye noorhulumente ngaphakathi kwe-400 yeekhilomitha ububanzi kumda. I-Arhente yokuKhuselwa kokusiNgqongileyo yaseMelika Inkqubo yeBorder 2020 ikwabonelela ngezibonelelo ezijolise kwimicimbi yezendalo eMelika naseMexico.
Izibonelelo eziluhlaza kwimida
Ndilungelelanise ii-studio zokuyila ezisebenzisanayo, apho abafundi basebenzisana nabasemagunyeni bokucwangciswa kwengingqi kunye noorhulumente ukujongana neengxaki ezinje ngezikhukula kunye nokuswela indawo yoluntu ekumgangatho ophezulu. Ezi projekthi zifuna ukuphucula iinkqubo zeziseko zophuhliso ezidolophini ngeendlela ezonyusa iinkonzo ze-ikhosistim, njengokuphucula umgangatho wamanzi.
Umzekelo, njengenxalenye yenkqubo ye-Border 2012 (eyandulela i-Border 2020), i-EPA ibonelele ngenkxaso-mali yenkqubo yokulinga ukwakha amachibi okuthintela izikhukula eNogales, eMexico, isixeko esingudade saseNogales, eArizona. Iinkokheli zeSixeko zazifuna ukuvavanya ukuba ingaba amachibi anokusebenza njengendawo yoluntu. Ukusebenza nabafundi base-Arizona State University, endisebenza naye UFrancisco Lara Valencia kwaye ndivelise ingxelo kwabasemagunyeni bokucwangciswa kwengingqi. Kuyo sicebise ukudala uthungelwano lweendawo eziluhlaza ezidityanisiweyo ukufunxa amanzi esitshi kunye nokubonelela imihlaba yepaki, ukuzisa indalo esixekweni. Ngokwenza njalo, i-EPA kunye nabasemagunyeni baseMexico banokuba nefuthe elihle kwindalo esingqongileyo kwezi zixeko zombini.
Ndisebenze nabafundi kwiDyunivesithi yaseTexas eAustin ukwenza ifayile ye- Isicwangciso esiyintloko sepaseji eluhlaza Kwisixeko saseHermosillo, eSonora ngo-2015. Iipaseji eziluhlaza zihlala zihamba ecaleni kwemijelo yendalo okanye eyenziweyo yokufunxa amanzi emvula kunye nokubonelela ngeendawo zokudlala. Isixeko ngoku sisungula isicwangciso-qhinga esidibanisa la magama.
Kwi-2015-16 e-UT Austin, siphuhlise ucwangciso lwedolophu kunye nesicwangciso-qhinga sokwenza iidolophu ezikumda weTamaulipas ekulindeleke ukuba zichaphazeleke yimveliso yeoyile kunye negesi ngenxa yohlaziyo lwamandla eMexico. Isixeko sethu sokufunda iimeko IsiXeko Miguel Aleman , Isixeko esingumda sedolophu eneRom, eTexas, esahlulwe kuphela ngobubanzi beRio Grande.
Isicwangciso noyilo lucebisa ukwandisa ukwakhiwa kweziseko zophuhliso zeoyile negesi kwimimandla yokubandakanya ukuvalelwa kunye nokuhluzwa kwamachibi kunye neepaseji eziluhlaza, eziza kusebenza njengeendawo zikarhulumente ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wezikhukula. Ikwafuna ukudala iindawo zolondolozo lwendalo kunye neendawo zolonwabo kwicala laseMexico lomlambo, zibonise indawo esele zikhona kwicala laseMelika.
Ipaki yomda wamazwe aphesheya
Umbono oluhlaza wommandla onqamlezayo uya kuyandisa le ndlela yokujongana nesixeko esiya kwidolophu enkulu kunye neenzame zocwangciso. Eli nyathelo linokudibanisa izitalato, iipaki, amashishini, iidolophu, iidolophu, imilambo kunye neminye imirhumo, ezolimo kunye namabala e-fracking kuyo yonke iRio Grande's 182,000-square-mile ye-shedhed.
Indawo yokuqala enokubakho iya kuba kukubuyisela imimandla ye-riparian ecaleni komlambo nge-binational metropolis yaseCiudad Juarez, Mexico nase-El Paso, eTexas, ukuyila ngokutsha umjelo okhoyo. Ukufumana indawo yokuhlala kwakhona kumacala omabini omlambo kuya kupholisa kwaye kuhlambulule umoya kwaye kubonelele ngendawo yoluntu enomdla.
Kodwa kutheni ume apho? Njengoko iRio Grande iqhubela phambili kwiGulf of Mexico, isika kwiindawo ezixabisekileyo, ezintle nezikude, kubandakanya Ipaki yeSizwe yeBig Bend eTexas kunye ISanta Elena Canyon , Ocampo, kunye IMaderas del Carmen Oovimba eMexico. Ukuhamba ubude bayo kunokuba luhambo olunokuthelekiswa nokuhamba ngeenyawo kwi-Appalachian Trail, enamathuba okubona indawo ezibuyayo kunye nezilwanyana zasendle kunye nokufunda kwiinkcubeko ezimbini ezityebileyo zehlabathi.
Ngokudibeneyo ezi ndawo zenza ipaki yendalo enkulu, enokubakho enokulawulwa ngokubambisana, njenge Ipaki yoXolo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe i-Waterton-Glacier kumda wase-US-Canada. Ngapha koko, abameli kumacala omabini omda bebelandela lo mbono ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-80 . Xa amagosa aseTexas acebisa ukudala iBig Bend National Park ngo-1930, babecinga ipaki yamanye amazwe. Ngo-1944, uMongameli uFranklin Roosevelt wabhalela uMongameli waseMexico u-Manuel Avila Camacho ukuba
Andikholelwa ukuba esi sithembiso kwi-Big Bend [ukusekwa kwe-Big Bend National Park] siyakugqitywa de yonke indawo epakini kulo mmandla kumacala omabini eRio Grande yenze ipaki enkulu yamanye amazwe.
Iingxoxo ziphele ngoo-1950, emva koko zaqala kwakhona ngeminyaka yoo-1980 kwinqanaba leengcambu, kodwa zarhaxwa ziingxoxo malunga nokhuseleko lwemida kunye nokufudukela kwilizwe emva kohlaselo lwangoSeptemba 11, 2001. 
Umongameli wase-US uFranklin D. Roosevelt kunye noMongameli wase-Mexico u-Manuel Avila Camacho ngexesha lotyelelo lukarhulumente u-Roosevelt e-Monterrey, eMexico, ngo-Epreli 20, 1943.Oovimba beSizwe
Ukumanya, hayi ukwahlula
Akucaci ukuba iCongress izakubonelela I-US $ 1.6 yezigidigidi ukuba uMongameli uTrump ucele umsebenzi kudonga lomda. Ngayiphi na imeko, ukwakha udonga kwiipaseji zomlambo ezibanzi nezihlala abantu ezinobungozi bezikhukula yinjongo ethandabuzekayo. Njengoko iingcali ziye ikhonjwe ngaphandle , kusebenza ngakumbi emapoliseni umda ngetekhnoloji kunye namandla oluntu kunokwakha isithintelo.
Ngapha koko, ukubuyisela indawo yokuhlala yomlambo kungaphucula ukhuseleko lwemida ngokunyusa ukuhamba kwamanzi rhoqo nangakumbi. Ukwenza iRio Grande isempilweni nako kuya kunceda amafama kunye nabavelisi bamandla kumacala omabini omda.
Kwisincoko sakhe sango-1951 I-Chihuahua njengoko sinokubakho , Umphengululi wezenkcubeko yaseMelika u-JB Jackson wabhala ukuba imilambo yenzelwe ukudibanisa amadoda, hayi ukuwagcina ahlukane, kwaye umda ubeka ulwahlulo lobumbano kwingingqi eyamkelwa ngabantu njengendawo emanyeneyo kangangamakhulukhulu eminyaka - uMzantsi-ntshona waseSpain. Oku kunxulunyaniswa kwamanzi kufanele ukuba kusikhumbuze ukuba sibuthathaka xa sisodwa, kodwa sinamandla xa sihlangana.
UGabriel Diaz Montemayor nguNjingalwazi oNcedisayo weLandscape Architecture e IYunivesithi yaseTexas eAustin . Eli nqaku lapapashwa okokuqala ngo Incoko . Funda ifayile ye- Inqaku lokuqala .
