Umzobo wale mihla: Ngaba kufanelekile ukuba ube nexabiso lokuZipeyinta?

I-riposte eyaziwayo: UGertrude Stein akayithandi imifanekiso ka-1905-06 ethi uPablo Picasso wayipenda ngaye. UStein ubanga ukuba ayifani nayo, awathi kuyo umculi waphendula: Iya kuba njalo.

Oko umculi wayekubonisa kwangaphambili ukuba kwakude kube emva kokuba uStein edlulile kweli hlabathi umfanekiso uya kuhlala. Ngoku ixhonywe kwiMyuziyam yaseMetropolitan yoBugcisa njengommeli osisigxina wombhali odumileyo kunye nesisa.

Uninzi lwemizobo alufumani ndlela yabo yokuqokelela imyuziyam, nangona kunjalo. Ubuncinci, ayizizo ezithunyelweyo ezipeyintiweyo okanye eziqingqiweyo njengendlela yokuhlonipha umntu-ilungu losapho, i-CEO yenkampani, igosa likarhulumente, ijaji, inkokeli yecawa okanye umntu oqhele imali-kwaye ibonakaliswe kwikhaya laloo mntu, eofisini okanye kwenye indawo. Leshishini. Ubonile lo mfanekiso ubuninzi: Indoda endala enxibe isuti kunye neqhina elinemvelaphi emnyama. Okanye ukuba awukenzanga, mhlawumbi khange uqaphele ukuba ibikhona. Ngamanye amagama, uninzi lwemizobo ngaphandle aluhlukanisi ncam.

Kodwa kukho amaxesha apho ii-portraits ziphakama ngaphezu kwento-ayenze-ngathi-njenge-monotony ukufezekisa ukubalasela okuthile. Inkqubo ye- kutshanje kutyhilwe imizobo kaMongameli uBarack Obama nguKehinde Wiley kunye nowayesakuba liNenekazi Lokuqala uMichelle Obama ngu-Amy Sherald-bahlawulwa ngemali yabucala nakwingqokelela esisigxina yeWorld Portrait Gallery yaseWashington, D.C. — yatsala umdla wobugcisa behlabathi.

Babengakhange babalasele nje kuba babonisa la manani mabini abukekayo kwisitayile sokucinga nengacwangciswanga ngakumbi kunesiqhelo. Baye bathabathela ingqalelo kuba basebenzisa amandla enkwenkwezi abenzi babo-elinye igama elivela eBaltimore ukuqatshelwa ngomfanekiso wakhe woluntu, omnye sele elawula amaxabiso e-astronomical-omabini aziwa ngokwenza indawo kubugcisa banamhlanje bokupeyinta imifanekiso hayi ukuxhoma kumagumbi ebhodi, kodwa kwiindonga zegalari yokusika. UKehinde Wiley, LL Ukupholisa uJ, 2005. I-oyile kwinqwelo.UKehinde Wiley / Sean Kelly Igalari

Kwaye ayisiyiyo la magcisa mabini afumana ukwamkelwa okwangoku ngomsebenzi okwenzekayo ukubonisa ukufana kwabantu. Umboniso wangoku wepeyinti nguDavid Hockney kwiZiko loLondolozo lweMbali laseLos Angeles, uDavid Hockney: Iifoto ezingama-82 kunye ne-1 esekhona (eqhubeka de kube nguJulayi 29), ihleli imifanekiso yabantu abaziwayo (umzobi uJohn Baldessari kunye nomnini wegalari uLarry Gagosian phakathi them) ecaleni kwezinto ezingaziwayo. Nditsho nemizobo epeyintiweyo yeenkokheli zamanye amazwe zikaGeorge W. Bush (uVladimir Putin, uDalai Lama kunye noGeorge HW Bush), kunye namagqala emfazwe, baye bammangalisa owayesakuba ngumongameli kwaye indumiso emangalisayo .

Yintoni ngomdla ohlaziyiweyo kumzobo? Mhlawumbi kungenxa yokuba ukupeyinta kwabantu kuvumela ababukeli ukuba benze into ekucingelwa ukuba ikrwada-ukujonga umntu-Kwaye, kweli xesha lee-selfie kunye nezinye iindlela zokuzijonga, bongeza inqanaba lokutolika elibonisa ukuba liyahlaziya kubaphulaphuli. Kodwa emva koko, ii-portraits bezisoloko zingabenzi beendaba: kakhulu malunga nendlela emele ngayo umntu nokuba bayenza njani sukuyenza. Kwaye kuzo zonke ezi meko-ziyinyani ebomini, ukuthopha, ukukruqula okanye ukubonakala ngathi kutsha-inye into eqinisekileyo, banayo indlela yokuncamathela.

Umzobo: Imvelaphi yobugcisa?

Umzobo unembali ende kwezobugcisa, enemifanekiso yoofaro, oopopu, ookumkani, izidwangube kunye nabantu bezopolitiko abokuqala ukufakwa kwipeyinti. Iimpawu zoqobo zobugcisa inokuba ngabantu beshiya imizila yabo kunye neminwe kwiindonga zomqolomba, kodwa kwakamsinya emva koko, bajika obu buchule butsha benza iirekhodi zeenkokheli zabo. Imiboniso yokuqala yayihlala ibhalwe isitayile, okanye icwangcisiwe, ifanele umbono wobungangamsha ngaphezu kokungqinisisa. (Baye bahlalutya Amathambo kaKumkani Tutankhamun , Ngokuqinisekileyo wayengekho mhle njengabenzi bexesha ababonisiweyo.)

Imizobo yenkulungwane ye-16 ka-Hans Holbein Omncinci ka-Thomas More kunye no-Thomas Cromwell ngokungathandabuzekiyo babamba ukuba babenjani aba babini, nangona bekucingelwa ukuba intetho e-ethe-ethe neyayithobekile enxibe ubuso buka-More, kunye ne-pudgy, eye-eye-eyeed eyeed of Cromwell ayibonisi kuphela imbonakalo yabo kodwa uluvo lwegcisa lomntu ngamnye. Imfezeko kaLeonardo da Vinci uMona Lisa, umfanekiso ogqwesileyo kaJohn Singer Sargent kaVirginie Amélie Avegno Gautreau (owaziwa njengoMadame X) kunye nomfanekiso kaPicasso kaGertrude Stein ziphakathi kwemisebenzi ebhiyozelwayo yobugcisa basentshona. UGertrude Stein ubeka phambi komfanekiso wakhe owenziwe nguPicasso ngo-1906.Iifoto ze-AFP / i-Getty

Baninzi amagcisa ashiye iinkulungwane bezikhethile ngomfanekiso. Ngaba amagama eBellini, Rubens, Rembrandt, Manet, Cézanne, Braque, Warhol okanye Katz ayazenza ezinye iintsimbi? Kwimihla yokuqala yase-United States, u-Charles Willson Peale (1741-1827) wazinikela ekupeyinteni imifanekiso yeenkokheli ze-American Revolution ukuze abantu belizwe lakhe baqhubeke nokukhumbula abo benza ilizwe elitsha nelikhululekileyo kwinto Iikholoni zaseBritane.

Sisaqhubeka nokukhuthaza iinkumbulo zabo bakhokela isizwe, amaziko aso kunye namashishini amakhulu ngemizobo epeyintiweyo (kwaye, ngamanye amaxesha, eqingqiweyo). Iindonga zamagumbi ebhodi zigqunywe ngezi zinto. Nangona kunjalo, kule mihla, asikulungelanga ukucinga ngale mizobo njengemisebenzi yobugcisa kunye nokunye okunjengephepha lodonga. Ixesha lokupeyinta umzobo kubonakala ngathi liphethe ibala lezorhwebo, lokukholisa umxhasi hayi isiqu sakho.

UBrandon Brame Fortune, umgcini oyintloko kwigalari yeSizwe yeParagrafi, uxelele uMbonisi ukuba umzobi odumileyo u-Alice Neel akazange acinge ngemizobo yakhe yabantu njengemizobo, ekucaca ukuba yayiyiyo, kuba wabona imifanekiso njengento ehlawulweyo kwaye yayenzelwe ncamisa. Umntu unokubona imizobo eqaqambileyo, eyenziwe nguNeel yabahlobo bakhe, amagcisa kunye namalungu osapho njengokhuthazo lomboniso wangoku weHockney, kunye nenani labasakhulayo abasele beza (bona: UJemima Kirke , Ithemba Gangloff ). Uninzi lwemifanekiso yakhe yayihleli phantsi, ejolise kwingqondo ngakumbi kunokuchaneka kwe-anatomiki kwaye yagxininisa okungekho sesikweni-abantu bayalala, abayinxibi kakuhle iCawa yabo kwaye kunqabile ukuba bancume. Le ayisiyomifanekiso intle ibonisa abahleli kwindawo yabo yokuqala.

Apho kudibana khona iFlattery kunye neRekhodi yeMbali

Ngeendlela ezininzi, into eyathethwa nguNeel icacise kwisichazi esisisiseko sokuba yintoni umfanekiso: enomtsalane . Kananjalo, mhlawumbi umncinci kancinci kunale nto ibonwa ngumzobi: Imifanekiso ekumila phantse kuyo yonke into igunyaziswa emva kokuthatha umhlala-phantsi komntu, xa loo mntu emdala kwaye ejonga.

Abona bantu bafuna iifoto abaxoki, kodwa bahlala behamba ngeefoto zalowo uhlala kwindawo yakhe ngaphambili, befumana umfanekiso okhangeleka ubaluleke ngakumbi, ungaphelelanga. Kumagcisa amaninzi, nangona kunjalo, umyalezo ophambili apha kukuba abanayo inkululeko yokupeyinta nantoni na abayinqwenelayo. Ekugqibeleni, isifundo kufuneka sonwabe.

Abazobi bexesha langaphambili babenezizathu zabo zokuhlaziya umxholo, njengoko uCharles Baudelaire wabhala phaya phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-19: Ukusilela okukhulu kweIngres, ngakumbi, kukuba ifuna ukunyanzelisa lonke uhlobo lomhlali ngakumbi okanye ukugqibezela okungaphantsi, endithetha ukuba kuninzi okanye kungaphantsi koxinzelelo, uhlobo lokugqibelela, obolekwe kwindawo yokugcina yeengcinga zakudala. Ewe UBaudelaire wayehlawulisa i-neoclassicist Ingres ngokwenza wonke umntu osisityebi abukeke njengeCicero entsha.

Isidingo sokuphendula ngento engento yesifundo kukhokelele kwimbono yomzobi wobugcisa njengomzobi wecandelo lesibini. Ndingumpeyinti, kwaye ndenza imisebenzi emininzi engeyiyo eyomzobo, E. Raymond Kinstler wakha wandixelela . UKinstler ubaziwa ikakhulu ngemifanekiso yakhe yoomongameli baseMelika. Andingompu wokuqasha, utshilo. Ngokufanayo, uDaniel Greene, umzobi womzobo eMntla Salem, eNew York wathi andiyilo ibrashi eqeshiweyo. Into ebebathetha yona bobabini kukuba abayi kupenda nje into obaxelela yona. Kukho ingqibelelo yobugcisa esengozini. UTony Bennett wenza umfanekiso ngu-E. Raymond Kinstler.E. Raymond Kinstler

UJim Pollard, igcisa eliseWisconsin uqaphele ukuba uninzi lwabathengi bakhe ngamavili amakhulu-IiCEO zamashishini amakhulu, iziseko okanye iiyunivesithi okanye zizelwe ngendlela-Kwaye baqhele ukunikezela imiyalelo ekufuneka yenziwe phantsi kweziseko. Ngamaxesha athile, ndiyaphathwa njengombumbulu oza kuvula indlu yangasese, utshilo.

Isenokuba sesona sizathu sokuba uKehinde Wiley asoloko esithi 'hayi' xa ebuzwa ukuba enze umzobo, ngokukaJanine Cirincione, umlawuli weSean Kelly Gallery eNew York, emmela eUnited States kwaye amaxesha ngamaxesha efaka izicelo kubantu abafuna yiya umsebenzi. Uzibona njengomculi weengcinga okwenzeka ukuba ajolise ebantwini, utshilo uCirincione. Isiseko sale ngxelo: akangomzobi womzobo.

Amagcisa ahlala esenza abantu umxholo womsebenzi wabo afumane ezo zicelo rhoqo. UAlec Soth, ofota abantu akhubeka kubo ekuhambeni kwakhe kodwa abonakalise kuye iintlobo zaseMelika, ukwacelwa rhoqo ukuba afote abaqokeleli. NjengoWiley, uhlala esithi hayi kwimizobo yekomishini, kwaye andazi ukuba wagqibela nini ukuyamkela, ngokuka-Ethan Jones, umphathi we studio yomfoti.

Ngelixa abanye bekhetha ukungazithathi ngokupheleleyo iikhomishini ukuthintela nakuphi na ukubonakala kokubeka esichengeni imali, abanye bakwamkele ukuthatha umsebenzi womzobo ohlawulelweyo njengendlela yokuxhasa ezinye iinzame zabo.

UAndy Warhol wayesaziwa ngokuya kwimibutho yabantu abazizityebi nabadumileyo, kwaye wayedume ngokusebenza kwigumbi, ehlala esiza nenani iikhomishini zemizobo ukusuka kubusuku obuyimpumelelo. Le yayiyeyona mithombo iphambili yengeniso kuye kuyo yonke i-70s. Eminye yobugcisa bakhe obudumileyo yimifanekiso engathunyelwanga yamanani awaziwayo, ngokusekwe kwiifoto zabo ezithandwayo, ezinje ngoElvis Presley, uSihlalo Mao noJacqueline Kennedy Onassis. Akumangalisi ukuba abanye babefuna ukuba neWarhol yabo.

Ixabiso lePortraiture-Umzobi

Imizobo ithatha ixesha kude komnye umsebenzi wam, ekuboniseni, kwikhondo lam lomsebenzi, utshilo umzobi uBrenda Zlamany. Kwelinye icala, njengoWarhol, uyayiqonda indlela abanokuba yinzuzo ngayo. Ndingenza i $ 100,000 kumzobo. Andizukuyala loo nto. Ndingathengisa umzobo nge $ 100,000 kwigalari, kodwa ndifumana kuphela isiqingatha, ngenxa yekhomishini yomthengisi. Ke wenza enye okanye ezimbini ngonyaka ngenxa yemali ethembakeleyo engenisa. Ndenza ubomi obunesidima, kwaye akufuneki ndifundise. UBrenda Zlamany, Umzobo # 135 (Kurt Landgraf neBlu kuBomvu), 2010. Ioyile kwipaneli, iiphaneli ezimbini, i-88 x 41 kunye ne-27 x 27 kwi.UBrenda Zlamany

UJacob Collins, umzobi onyanisekileyo omelwe yiAdelson Galleries yaseNew York kwaye wenza i-avareji yeekomishini zangasese ezibini ngonyaka, naye wabuyela umva kukonakaliswa kwemifanekiso. Ukuba waziwa njengomzobi we-portrait, ubuncinci uyaziwa ngento ethile, utshilo. Abantu abaninzi bangathanda ukwaziwa ngento ethile.

Imizobo yakhe, njengepeyinti yakhe yegalari, i-avareji ye- $ 100,000 enye, nangona indlela yakhe yokusebenza nomxholo wesifundo inokuthi ingabhenisi wonke umntu. Uninzi lwabazobi badibana nesihloko, benze eminye imizobo kwaye bathathe iifoto ezininzi, emva koko babuyela kwizitudiyo zabo ukupeyinta. UCollins akasebenzisi iifoto kodwa wenza yonke into-ukuma, imizobo kunye nomzobo wangempela-phambi kwesihloko esibuzwayo. Ndiyabalumkisa abantu kwangethuba, 'Ngaba uyafuna ukuhlala ixesha elide kangaka?' Ndiphawula ukuba kunokubakho iiseshoni ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-14 kunye neeyure ezingama-40 zokubuza. Uninzi lwabantu alufuni ukuyenza loo nto. Izifundo ezininzi zivakala zingakhululekanga xa umntu ejonge ngqo kwaye ejonge kubo, ezinokuthi zichaze ukuba kutheni abantu bethanda ukujonga ubugcisa kodwa bangabi yinto yobugcisa ngokwabo.

Ukwalumkisa izifundo eziza kubakho ukuba akazukuphakama ebusweni. Njengoko behleli bethe cwaka, abahlali, ngakumbi abantu abadala, baphumile kwaye ubuso babo buhlala buthotha. UGilbert Stuart, owaziwa ngemifanekiso yakhe kaGeorge Washington, wabhala oko isithuba esasasazekileyo phezu kobuso bakhe nje ukuba iWashington iqale ukuhlala. Uninzi lwezifundo zemizobo ngabantu abadala abanokulala xa kufuneka behleli ngokungasebenzi kangangexesha elide. Andikhathali xa ubuso busiya kwaye bungena ekuphumleni okunzulu, utshilo uCollins. Imizobo yam ibonakala njengomntu ohleli uzolile.

U-Greene, opeyintayo ebomini ngaphandle kwaxa umculi eswelekile, uqaphele ukuba indlela yakhe yokusebenza ayikhethileyo ibonakalisa iindlela ezithile ngamanye amaxesha. Kulula ukwenza umzobo oswelekileyo kunaye umntu ophilayo, utshilo. Kwaye wenze okuninzi kokubini ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 yomsebenzi. Usebenza kwifoto, okanye kwiifoto ezininzi, ukhetha inkangeleko yobuso ebaluleke kakhulu, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ifoto ayihambi okanye ithethe. Ibinzana alitshintshi, akufuneki ulungiselele ukuhlala. Uyaphila okanye usweleke, ixabiso lexesha lakhe kunye nomsebenzi uhlala uhleli.

KwiGreene, imifanekiso yabantu abaphilayo ithatha ixesha elide-ukusuka kwiinyanga ezininzi ukuya kunyaka-ngaphezu kwabafileyo ngenxa yesidingo sokwenza izihlalo ezininzi, mhlawumbi zininzi, zininzi kangangeeyure ezintathu. Kwaye lonke elo xesha li iyafuneka . Kubazobi, zininzi izigqibo ekufuneka zenziwe: ubungakanani bepeyinti iyonke, into ekufuneka inxitywe sisihloko sabo, nokuba siyakuba sisigxina, ikota ezintathu okanye isibhengezo, ndingasathethi ke ngemvelaphi. (Kumzobo owenziwe nguGreene owayesakuba lilungu leRiphabhlikhi yaseRepublican uLarry Combest, ifoto yomfazi wopolitiko yinxalenye yendawo entle-wayemthanda kakhulu umfazi wakhe.)

Esinye isigqibo kukuba ungabandakanyi okanye ungazibandakanyi izandla zabantu abahleli, abathi abazobi bahlale bejonga ukuyeka. Izandla zintlungu kwi-esile, utshilo uZlamany. UGoya wayeqhele ukuhlawulisa imali eyongezelelweyo ngezandla. (Akakhumbulanga apho afunde khona okanye akuva oko.) Izandla zivakalisa ngokugqithisileyo, zichaza njengobuso. Umzobo kaBrenda Zlamany osandula ukutyhilwa kwiYunivesithi yaseYale eDavenport College, equkethe abafundi kunye namalungu oluntu lwaseDavenport.Benda Zlamany

Ukufumana uMculi oLungileyo

ILizwi-lomlomo, okanye ukubona nje umzobo endlwini yomntu okanye eofisini kwaye ufumanise ukuba ngubani oyipeyinti, yindlela abantu abaninzi abafumana ngayo amagcisa xa bejonge ukubanjwa kohlobo lwabo. U-Greene uthe wathunywa ukuba enze umfanekiso weRhuluneli yaseHawaii emva kokuba irhuluneli ibone umzobo kaGreene womakhi owaziwayo waseHawaii, uTom Gentry kunye nenkosikazi yakhe. (Kwakumnandi kakhulu ukuya eHawaii amatyeli aliqela ukuyokwenza ii-Gentrys, emva koko kwakumnandi ukubuyela kwirhuluneli.)

UMongameli uGeorge W. Bush ukhethe umculi uJohn Howard Sanden ukuba enze umfanekiso wakhe osemthethweni we-White House ngokuthumela kumhlobo. Kungekudala emva kokushiya i-White House, uGeorge noLaura Bush bamenywa ngabahlobo bakudala, uAnnette noHarold Simmons, kwisidlo sangokuhlwa ekhayeni labo eDallas. Incoko kungekudala yajika yaya emfanekisweni uAnnette wayephakathi ehleli, epeyintwe nguSandon. Ngaba kulula ukusebenza naye? Umongameli wangaphambili wabuza, kwaye wancoma kakhulu. Kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa, umntu osebenza kwilayibrari kamongameli wase-Bush wathumela nge-imeyile uSanden malunga nokudibana nowayesakuba ngumongameli.

Owona mthombo uphambili kwabo bafuna umzobo Imizobo, Inc. , isixhobo esisekwe kwi-intanethi esikhokela abathengi kwinkqubo. Ngokuka-Julia G. Baughman, iqabane elilawulayo le-Portraits, Inc., amaxabiso amaninzi asukela kwi- $ 10,000 ukuya kwi- $ 100,000 ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani bomfanekiso-intloko kunye namagxa, ubude beekota ezintathu (azikho iinyawo, zihlala zibekwa) okanye ubude obugcweleyo-kunye nendawo (amalahle, i-pastel okanye ipeyinti yeoyile). Umyinge wekhomishini yi- $ 20,000-30,000, nangona kukho ixabiso elinamaxabiso aphantsi e- $ 3,000 ukuya kwi-10,000 yeedola kubathengi abafuna umfanekiso wesilwanyana sasekhaya. Umongameli wase-US uGeorge W. Bush kunye ne-Union League yase-Philadelphia yomzobo wobongameli, ezotywe nguMark Carder.USawule Loeb / AFP / imifanekiso kaFetty

Ixesha lakho kunye nemali: Ngaba kufanelekile?

I-Portraiture yenye yeendawo ezingaqhelekanga kwilizwe lobugcisa apho amaxabiso kwimarike yesibini angabakhona kodwa liqhezu elincinci lexabiso lazo lokuqala lemarike. UDebra Force, umthengisi ozimeleyo kubugcisa baseMelika, uxelele uMbonisi ukuba ngaphandle kokuba lo mntu ingumntu owaziwayo, abantu bathi, 'Kutheni ndifuna umfanekiso womntu endingamaziyo?' Kutshanje, ubuzwe yinshurensi. inkampani ukuqikelela ixabiso lomzobo wangoku owenziwe ngomnye umfazi wakhe, owawutshisiwe ngomlilo. Ixabiso leinshurensi-kungabiza malini ukuba omnye umzobo upeyintiwe ngalo mfazi-yayingama-25,000 eedola, nangona ixabiso lentengiso elifanelekileyo (into eyayinokuyithengisa kwimarike yesibini ukuba ayitshatyalaliswanga) ibingaphantsi. Iwaka leedola, mhlawumbi i-500 yeedola.

Ayinamsebenzi nokuba igcisa liyaziwa kwaye lijongwa kakuhle, utshilo. Imizobo ebhalwe nguCharles Willson Peale, uThomas Sully noGilbert Stuart, phakathi kwabona badwebi bemizobo badumileyo basekupheleni kweminyaka ye-18 neye-19, kunokuba nzima ukuyithengisa. Unokufumana iStuart engaphantsi kwe- $ 10,000. UGilbert Stuart wazoba enye yezona mifanekiso zibalaseleyo zikaGeorge Washington ngexesha lakhe, ukanti eminye imizobo yegcisa inokufunyanwa ngexabiso eliphantsi ngokumangalisayo.Cindy Ord / Getty Izithombe

I-National Portrait Gallery ifumana imisebenzi yokuqokelelwa kwayo ngokusisigxina ngezipho ezivela kubathengisi bezobugcisa babucala, abanini begalari kunye namalungu osapho abantu abaziwayo ababenomzali okanye utatomkhulu okanye umzukulwana oboniswe kwipeyinti, umzobo okanye ifoto, utshilo uBrandon Brame Fortune. Bafumana mhlawumbi izinto ezili-100 apha enyakeni.

Uninzi lwee-curators zijonga ukucela izipho kubaqokeleli beentlobo ezithile zezinto, kodwa uFortune uqaphele ukuba akukho baninzi abathengi bezobugcisa abagxile ekuqokeleleni imifanekiso. Umntu owenzayo, igqwetha lesiXeko saseNew York uNathaniel Kramer, ungumnikazi wamakhulu aliqela opeyintiweyo, azotyiweyo afota imifanekiso yabantu angabaziyo. Bahlala bengabahlobo okanye baqhelana nomculi, utshilo uKramer. Khange bathunyelwe. Ukungazi umxholo akuyiyo into ebuyayo kuye; uthanda nje ukujonga abantu. Abanye abantu bathanda ukujonga amahashe, abanye abantu bathanda ukujonga amaphenyane. Andibuzi imibuzo yamahashe okanye yezikhephe. Abantu banomdla ngakumbi kum.

Ekugqibeleni, nangona kunjalo, ukuba nomzobo opeyintiweyo yinto enomdla kakhulu,kwaye mhlawumbi enye yokuziqhenya, nayo. Yinto eyenzelwe ukugcina inkumbulo yakho okanye ukuma kovavanyo lwexesha-imali kunye nomzamo otyalwe kuyo sesona sizathu bathambekele ekuhlaleni njengeerekhodi zembali. Kude emva kokuba isifundo sihambile, nokuba ebekade eyintoni na, umzobo useyinto esinika ixabiso elikhulu kuyo, kwaye ayinikwanga ukulahlaNokuba yeyiphi na eyona nto ithengiswayo. Ukuba nomzobo wakho opeyintiweyo (okanye lowo ubathandayo), nokuba uyasithanda isiphumo okanye akunjalo, yindlela entle yomlilo yokuqinisekisa ukuba ubuso bunamathele.