Uvavanyo olufanayo kwiinkawu lukhona iminyaka engama-20.UJEAN-FRANCOIS MONIER / AFP ngokusebenzisa imifanekiso kaGetty Kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, ugqirha wezengqondo kunye nefilosofi uSusan Schneider ubhale ukuba ikamva le-dystopian liphuphe ngu-Elon Musk apho iingqondo zabantu kunye neekhompyuter zidityaniswe kwaba yinto enye yokuzibulala ngengqondo yomntu. Uthanda ungathandi, ukusukela ngoko oososayensi kunye neenjineli ezisebenzela usomashishini osisigidigidi benze inkqubela phambili kulo mbono.
Kwinyanga ephelileyo ka-Agasti, ukuqalisa kwe-neurotech kaMusk uNeuralink kwangqina ukuba ujongano lomatshini wobuchopho lwalusebenza kwiihagu. Ngexesha ledemo ebukhoma, abaphulaphuli baboniswa imiqondiso yexesha lokwenyani yehagu eyayine-chip efakwe entlokweni yakhe. Kwiveki ephelileyo, inkampani ibonise uvavanyo olunobunkunkqele apho inkawu ye-macaque enezixhobo ezimbini zeNeuralink ezifakwe kwingqondo yakhe. ukudlala umdlalo wevidiyo iPong ngengqondo yakhe.
Inkawu idlala umdlalo wevidiyo ngefowuni isebenzisa i-chip yengqondo! UMusk wathumela umyalezo ngovuyo.
Ngelixa abalandeli bakaMusk bevuyisana nophuhliso lwamva nje lukaNeuralink. Uvavanyo lwatsala amathandabuzo kunye nokugxeka kwizazinzulu nakwizinto zobuchwephesha.
Abanye baye baqaphela ukuba uvavanyo lwenkawu alukho kangako kuguquko njengoko kubonakala ngathi kwaye itekhnoloji efanayo sele ijikeleze amashumi amabini eminyaka. Imiboniso yokuqala enokuthelekiseka yenzeka ngo-2002, Ushishino ngaphakathi ixeliwe, nini iqela labaphandi ngempumelelo ifumene inkawu yokuhambisa isikhombisi kwiscreen sekhompyuter kwintando ngokwenza isigqibo malunga nomsebenzi weshumi elinambalwa le-neurons kwi-motor cortex yayo ibe ngumqondiso. Izenzo zazifana kakhulu nesikubonile kwividiyo yeNeuralink.
Ndiyathandabuza ukuba sizakuba nezixhobo zabathengi ezichanekileyo, ezifunda ingqondo kungekudala, u-Anna Wexler, uprofesa wezokuziphatha kwezonyango kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wezempilo kwiYunivesithi yasePennsylvania, wabhala kwi Yenzelwe i KARHULUMENTE Kwiveki ephelileyo, uqaphele ukuba i-neuroscience ikude nokuqonda ukuba isebenza njani ingqondo-ngakumbi ukuba namandla okuyiqonda.
Oko kwathiwa, izazinzulu ziyayamkela inkqubela phambili yobunjineli ephunyezwe yiNeuralink. Ngokomgaqo, umbono wenkawu (okanye umntu) olawula isikhombisi ayonto intsha. Kodwa idemo yeNeuralink ibonakala ngathi ibonisa inkqubela phambili kwezobuchwephesha, ngakumbi kwinkqubo engenazingcingo kunye nenani lee-electrode ezibonakala ngathi zifakwe ngempumelelo, uWexler uxelele uMbonisi.
Njengabo baphandi kwii-2000s zakuqala, uMusk ucinga ukuba ubuchwephesha obunokufakwa ngenye imini bunokunceda abantu abaneengxaki zemithambo-luvo bathathe ulawulo lobomi babo kwaye ekugqibeleni badibanise ubukrelekrele boluntu kunye nobukrelekrele bomatshini ukwenza uhlobo lwe-superbeing. Oko ngekhe kwenzeke nangaliphi na ixesha kungekudala, kodwa umkhuba we-Tesla kunye ne-SpaceX ye-CEO yokuqhobosha itekhnoloji ye-nascent kubalandeli bayo abazizigidi ezingama-50 kwimidiya yoluntu kukukhathaza i-ethicists ye-tech.
Into endixhalabisayo kweli xesha likufutshane ngamabango anokuxoka, utshilo uWexler. Abasebenzi be-Neuralink zizazinzulu kunye neenjineli ezisebenza ekuphuhliseni oko kubonakala sisixhobo esisemthethweni sonyango. Nangona kunjalo, umququzeleli wenkampani uyakuthanda ukwenza amabango amakhulu kunye neebombastic malunga nokubakho kwale teknoloji yokunyanga zonke izifo kunye nokuvumela abantu ukuba badibane ne-AI.
Kwaye nokuba inkampani kaMusk iyaphumelela ngaphambili kwezobuchwephesha, iimpembelelo ezibanzi zentlalo yesixhobo sokufunda ngengqondo sinzima.
Ngelixa ndonwabile ngokusetyenziswa konyango lweetshipsi zalabo baneentshukumo kunye nengxaki zememori, ndinexhala lokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweetshipsi zengqondo kwixesha elizayo, uSchneider uxelele uMqwalaseli nge-imeyile.
Ngaphandle kwemigaqo efanelekileyo, iingcinga zakho zangaphakathi kunye nedatha yebhayometri inokuthengiswa kwelona bhidi liphezulu, wongeze watsho. Abantu banokuziva benyanzelekile ukuba basebenzise iichips zobuchopho ukuze bahlale beqeshwe kwikamva apho i-AI isishiya kwindawo yokusebenza.
Okwangoku, ukuvavanya i-tech engenayo kwizilwanyana kuye kwavela umlilo kumaqela okusingqongileyo. Iinkawu kuvavanyo lwe-neuroscience zihlala zigciniwe zinxaniwe okanye zilambile ukubanyanzela ukuba basebenzisane kwaye bajonge kwiscreen kangangeeyure, abantu be-Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) kwingxelo ethunyelwe kuMbonisi kwiveki ephelileyo. Uvavanyo olufana nolwe-Neuralink lwenziwe amaxesha amaninzi ngaphambili, kuhlala kuhlawulwa izilwanyana ezinobomi babo obubileyo, kwaye akukho nto iye yavela.
