Ngaphandle akusekho, Umboniso wokuqala we-NYC ka-Niki de Saint Phalle kwi-MoMA PS1 Dazzles

Into ebaluleke kakhulu kuzo zonke izifo ezinzulu kukuxhalaba okubangelwa ngabo bagulayo kwabo babathandayo.Kufuneka siloyike uloyiko lwethu. Xa umntu enoGawulayo, kukhuselekile ukuba nobuhlobo. Hleka nabo. Khala nabo. … UGawulayo yingxaki yakhe wonke umntu kwaye akukho siphoso samntu.Ukuba ngaba ngamnye wethu uyakhathala kwaye unoxanduva i-AIDS iya kuba phantsi kolawulo. Kude kube lelo xesha, kufuneka sifunde ukuphila nesifo sikagawulayo.

Yonke into malunga noNiki de Saint Phalle's Isifo sikagawulayo: Awunakuyibamba Ukubamba Izandla , Kubonakala ngathi ayinakwenzeka: impatho efana nomntwana yento eyoyikisayo ngokupheleleyo; igcisa elifuna ubuntu kuluntu lwehlabathi; ubuhle obulungeleleneyo edolophini i-NYC, i-Upper East Side lux kunye ne-Parisian illo.

Ingenzeka njani le ncwadi (inikwe simahla kwizikolo zaseFrance!) Kwakuthathe uMongameli uRonald Reagan kude kube ngo-1985 ukuthetha nge-AIDS; iingxoxo ezilondoloziweyo zayila uGawulayo njengokuziphatha, okugweba amadoda athandana namanye, abasebenzisa iziyobisi, nabaNtsundu kunye namaLatinos; nakwisiXeko saseNew York, uSodolophu u-Ed Koch (ekukholelwa ukuba ulifanasini njengoko kushwankathelwe ngu ENew Yorker ngo-2013 ) yayilusizi, iyacotha ukuphendula. Urhulumente, owedolophu kunye nowasekhaya, bebengakhathali, kwaphela.

Iphepha lisasazeka ukusuka Isifo sikagawulayo: Awunakuyibamba Ukubamba Izandla okwangoku zibonisiwe kwi-MoMA PS1 kumboniso wokuqala waseSaint Phalle kwimyuziyam yaseNew York. Umboniso uqokelela ngaphezulu kwe-200 yemisebenzi-eqingqiweyo, iimodeli, ukuprinta, imizobo, ubucwebe kunye neemveliso, ifilimu, ividiyo, ukufota. Umboniso ubalisa ngombono odibeneyo, ukusuka kwi-Saint Phalle's 1960's ukuvela kuye ukusweleka ngo-2002, ngokudibana nothotho olwaziwa ngcono-imizobo yeTir, iNanas, kunye Isitiya seTarot -Kunye nemisebenzi yakhe yoyilo, ukusebenza, incwadi kunye nentengiso. Unyaka ulibazisekile, kwaye mhlawumbi uswele ezinye zemifanekiso eqingqiweyo enkulu ebiya kujongeka ngathi yidynamite kwiyadi yePS1, UNiki de Saint Phalle: Izakhiwo zoBomi Ubukrelekrele obukrelekrele nobuntununtunu, obunika iindwendwe umxholo owaneleyo kunye nokuqaqamba ukubeka umculi entlokweni nasezintliziyweni zabo ngonaphakade.

Ngo-2021, kuyamangalisa ukuba uSaint Phalle engazange abe nomboniso wemyuziyam weSixeko saseNew York. Nokuba ngo-1986, wayengumntu obhiyozelwayo -kwaye nobomi bakhe babuphantse balungelelana nomlingo wakhe Isifo sikagawulayo: Awunakuyibamba Ukubamba Izandla . USaint Phalle wayengumMelika kunye nesiFrentshi, iNew York neParis; IsiFrentshi ngokuzalwa, sikhuliswe kwisiXeko saseNew York, kwaye kuphela komfazi owamkelweyo kwiqela lezobugcisa laseParis, Ubunyani obutsha . Ukuba wayeyimbonakalo ethandwayo eFrance, njengebhinqa eliselula elinomsindo elalipeyinta ngokudubula, wayengekho ngaphantsi kwesiXeko saseNew York, ehlala ehotele i-Chelsea kwaye ebonisa ecaleni kwamagcisa abalulekileyo osuku. Kodwa indawo elawulwa yindoda yabona iSaint Phalle njengeyokuqala. Wayengenalo uqeqesho olusesikweni kwaye ngaphandle kokuma kwakhe ngaphakathi kunye neminyaka yokusebenza kwakhe, umsebenzi wakhe wawusoloko ubizwa ngokuba bubugcisa bangaphandle. UNiki nge UClarice kwakhona kwigadi yakhe engaphandle, ngaphandle kweParis, eFrance. 1981. I-Gelatin Silver Shicilela. 12 3/16 x 8 ¼ (31 x 21 cm). Ifoto: Michiko Matsumoto © Michiko Matsumoto© Michiko Matsumoto

Umsindo ogqithileyo ka-Phalle, ubufazi, kunye neefowuni zamandla ombuso nazo zimmisile kwihlabathi lobugcisa. Kwincwadi yakhe, Imfihlo yam (1994), uPhalle uyamkhumbula Uluhlu lokudubula ngokunxulumene neziganeko zobuntwana zokulalana kunye nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo, NGUBANI lo mzobo? Utata? Onke amadoda? Amadoda Amancinci? Amadoda Amade? … Okanye ngaba umzobo MNA? … Bendizidubula ngokwam… Ngogonyamelo lwam NOGONYAMELO lwala maxesha. Ukuxhatshazwa kunye nokungcatshiswa yimixholo ephambili kuSanta Phalle, kodwa umsindo wakhe wawungengowomntu kuphela. Njengokuba wayebhale kwileta ka-1991 eya kumlondolozi nakumlawuli wemyuziyam uPontus Hulté, Kwangoko ke ndafumana umyalezo wokuba AMADODA ANAMANDLA KUNYE NDIYAFUNA. EWE, NDIZA KUBA UMLILO WABO KUZO. … Iindima zamadoda zibonakala zibanika inkululeko engakumbi, kwaye NDAGQIBELA UKUTHI INKULULEKO NGAYIBE YAM. UBloum Cardenas, umzukulwana ka-Saint Phalle, owayesebenzisana nabalondolozi ngo-2002 e-Bilbao's Guggenheim Museum, wathetha no UMgcini malunga neNanana, ukulandelwa kukaPhalle ukuya kuthotho lweTir:

Kum, ngumkhosi wabasetyhini oza kuthatha ihlabathi. Abantu bayalibala ukuba yonke le mibala phakathi kwe-60s eParis yayinencasa embi kakhulu; I-pop yayingazange ilinqobe ihlabathi kwaye iMelika ayizange ithathe ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye ngexesha apho i-Twiggy yindlela omele ujongeke ngayo, uza naba bafazi banamabele ebusweni bakho, banobuqhetseba, babonisa isini sabo ebusweni bakho, kuyo yonke indawo. Banamandla, bona ngokwabo.

Kwileta ka-1966 eya kunina, uSaint Phalle wabhala, Très tôt je décidai de devenir une héroïne. Qui serais-je? UGeorge Sand? UJeanne d'Arc? Ngaba nguNapoléon en jupons? (Kwangethuba kakhulu ndaye ndagqiba kwelokuba ndibe ligorha. Ndingaba ngubani? UGeorge Sand? UJoan waseArc? UNapoleon kwiitikoti?) Inzala kaSanta Phalle kwipop, ubuhle kunye nokoyikeka kwayo, kunye nokuzinyusa nokuzenzela Ihambelana nezenzo zabantu bexesha lakhe kunye nabanye ababonwa kamva, njengo-Andy Warhol kunye no-Yayoi Kusama. Kodwa ezi yayizimvo eziyingozi: ukuba ubugcisa bunokuba, njengoko watshoyo kwifilimu ka-2014, UJean Tinguely - uNiki de Saint Phalle (eyalelwe nguFrançois de Menil kunye noMonique Alexandre) into yobugcisa obuninzi obunokuthi wonke umntu abe nayo; ukuba umzobi angathengisela uluntu; obo bugcisa kwakungafuneki ukuba bugcinwe kwiimyuziyam.

Imiceli mngeni ka-Saint Phalle kwisini kunye nesini, ukusebenzisa kwakhe umbala ngogonyamelo, kunye nokuqaqadeka, amalinge emarike, ubuntu bakhe obukhulu, bamenza ukuba abaluleke kakhulu kwi-East Village. Impembelelo yakhe inokubonwa kuDavid Wojnarowicz, umzekelo, ekusebenziseni kwakhe oonodoli beplastiki, okanye iibhasi zakhe zeMetamorphosis, okanye indawo epeyintiweyo yemifanekiso yakhe eqingqiweyo, okanye iindlela zokuzimela zeenyoka zakhe.

Ukuba uSaint Phalle wayekhule e-Upper East Side, kwaye imigca yakhe yobucwebe kunye neoli yayiseefestile zevenkile yaseMadison Avenue, yenza ukuba ukugxeka kube yinto engathandekiyo. Ixabiso lobugcisa, ngoku elingaphezulu lee kunangoku, lalicacisiwe kungekuphela kunqabileyo nokucokiswa, kodwa ukungafikeleleki. Ukungafikeleleki ngokwasemzimbeni, kunye nokungafikeleleki ngokweemvakalelo nangokwasengqondweni. Imisebenzi kawonke-wonke ka-Saint Phalle, iipaki kunye nomdla kubugcisa kuye wonke umntu, nkqu nabantwana, yayiphikisana neparadigm yomsebenzi omkhulu, ikhuselwe kwaye inyathelwa kwimyuziyam yase-Romanesque; Ngaphezu koko, abantu abaninzi kangaka bawuhlonela umsebenzi wakhe bawunciphisa umnqweno wawo kubaqokeleli. Ukuba wonke umntu uyawuqonda umsebenzi wobugcisa, ubunini abuzanga nomlibo wokuzalwa-akukho mda wokuqonda okuphezulu- kwaye ixabiso lancitshiswa. Alithandabuzeki elokuba amandla abhinqileyo athe kratya abe negalelo kwindumiso etyhafileyo. Ngo-1966 ukufakwa nguSaint Phalle, I-Hon-en Cathedral: Imbali ye-Hon-en , abantu ababonisa umboniso bafakelwe umgca omkhulu wokungena kukaNana ngokuvula phakathi kwemilenze yakhe. Umsebenzi wawunempembelelo kangangokuba, ngoku kuthiwa, ixesha lokuzalwa kwisixeko saseStockholm lenyuka lonyaka. Umbono wofakelo lukaNiki de Saint Phalle: iZakhiwo zoBomi, ekujongwa kwi-MoMA PS1, eNew York, ukusukela nge-11 Matshi ukuya nge-6 Septemba 2021. Umfanekiso ngoncedo lwe-MoMA PS1. Ifoto: UKyle KnodellImifanekiso ngoncedo lweMoMA PS1. Ifoto: UKyle Knodell

I-Soho yayiyimpendulo yesitalato i-57 kwi-East Village. Abachazi abangabonakaliyo kunye nenzala yabo, kunye noWarhol, banokuphinda babuyele edolophini. Abazobi abambalwa, kakhulu edolophini, babephethe ibhanile yeSoho, kwaye ilizwe lobugcisa elingakhange lizenzele idemoni ngabom linokuphinda liqinisekise isiseko salo songxowankulu. UWarhol wamkela esidlangalaleni uKeith Haring noJean-Michel Basquiat, nkqu noSanta Phalle. Ngempembelelo enamandla yemithombo yeendaba, uShoho, hayi i-East Village, wayithatha itotshi kwisitalato i-57. Ngaba iyanelisa ngokupheleleyo? Hayi ncma. Idolophu yedolophu yayifa. Yonke igalari kunye nokuvulwa kwemyuziyam yayiyinto yokuvusa kwabo bekufanele ukuba babekhona. Ukungafaneleki kokubulala kukaRhulumente kwakunzima kakhulu, kwaye ubugcisa bezobugcisa, 'i-80's stand-by, yaba yimpikiswano yabangaboniyo nabangenantliziyo. INew York itshintshile, kwaye nehlabathi litshintshile. Kwaye ezobugcisa, iintliziyo ezaphukileyo kunye noburhalarhume, azinakubushiya ubutshantliziyo kunye nezopolitiko, ezaziza kuwela ngaphaya-zinqumle iBowery neBroadway, zinqumle zisuka eMpuma Village ziye eSoho.

I-Saint Phalle's Isifo sikagawulayo: Awunakuyibamba Ukubamba Izandla itsala umfutho weshumi leminyaka, ijonge ngasemva kulutsha Intshukumo yeeNukes yee-'80s zakuqala, kwaye ijonge phambili kubutshantliziyo bukaGawulayo obamiselayo UMTHETHO-UP (Ukuthula = Ukufa) ngo-1987. Ngomxholo womatshini, indoda, iteknoloji kunye nohlobo lweGaia ukuqonda ngobuninzi nokungaphepheki kokuzibhubhisa kunye nothando ngokwalo, umsebenzi kaSaint Phalle wawusoloko ukho kwixesha elidlulileyo, ngoku, kwaye Ixesha elizayo. Kwaye imfazwe yenkcubeko yayiqalile, kunye noGawulayo, njengoSanta Phalle noDavid Wojnarowicz, njengoko amagcisa angenakubalwa ayeqaphele, yayingumgca ongaphambili, umsele wemba phakathi kwedolophu ephezulu naphantsi, amagcisa nehlabathi.

Inkupho kaJanuwari 11, 1988 Abapapashi beVeki inqaku, Umzobi uNiki de Saint Phalle Sketches Iinyaniso ezisindisa ubomi kulutsha olungaqinisekanga ngesifo sikagawulayo . Utshilo uSaint Phalle:

Umhlaba wonke ujongene nepateni yokutshabalalisa ngokuzenzekelayo, nokuba kukwintlekele yokusingqongileyo njengeChernobyl okanye iintlekele zempilo ezinjengoGawulayo… Abantu abatsha kufuneka babandakanyeke. Isifo sikagawulayo yimeko entsonkothileyo ngokuqinisekileyo evelisa ezona zibalaseleyo nezona zimbi ebantwini. Kwaye kuyaqala nje.