Ikamva laseHollywood linokuxhomekeka kakhulu ekwamkeleni ishishini lomdlalo wevidiyo.I-Pixabay I-litany yokungaphumeleli kwimidlalo yevidiyo kuzo zonke izikrini ezinkulu nezincinci ziye zaba ludumo olubi eHollywood. Ukususela kwi-1993 eyintlekele ISuper Mario Bros. nge-2016's underwhelming IWarcraft , awukwazi ukuhambahamba ngembali yolonwabo yakutshanje ngaphandle kokukhubeka kwisidumbu seflop ephezulu. Kodwa njengomdlali weqonga onamathele kwinqanaba elinzima kakhulu, akukho nto iHollywood ayenzayo ngaphandle kokuqhubeka nokuzama.
Nangona ithemba elingeyonyani lishiye abalandeli behleli bedanile ngenxa yemveliso yevidiyo kule minyaka ingamashumi amathathu idlulileyo, kukho isizathu sokukholelwa ukuba iHollywood ekugqibeleni inokuba semngciphekweni wokwaphula isiqalekiso somdlalo wevidiyo. Okanye, ubuncinci, ukwamkela eliphakathi njengefaneli elandelayo yomxholo we-blockbuster.
Witcher iqale njengothotho lwencwadi ngaphambi kokuba inyukele kwilizwe elibalaseleyo ngenxa yomdlalo wevidiyo odumileyo. Kungoku indlalifa ukuya Izinto ezingaqhelekanga Njengoluhlu lweNetflix's flagship ( ngandlela thile ). Eyona nto ibalulekileyo Sonic iHedgehog isenokungabi yinto yobugcisa, kodwa ifumene imali eyaneleyo kunye nolwazelelelo lokuqinisekisa ukulandelelana. Umlando unethemba lokujika I-Pokemon kwindalo yonke yesinema. Icandelo lokuzonwabisa-eendaba litshintsha ngokukhawuleza. Into eyakha yathathelwa ingqalelo njengenkcubeko ye-geek kumda ngoku yindawo yokwakha yenkcubeko ephambili. Ukuphuhlisa itekhnoloji kudala amava omthengi wokuntywila. I-cross-platform ye-cinematic universes yiyo yonke ingqumbo kwaye iHollywood kungekudala iya kufuna ipropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda (IP) ukuyigcina iqhubeka. 
Phakathi kwento elandelayo yethemba lokulungiswa komdlalo wevidiyo kubandakanya iincinci ezincinci ezinesithembiso esisemthethweni.IMicrosoft
Ukutshintsha kweNkcubeko
Ayikho imfihlo yokuba uhlengahlengiso lomdlalo wevidiyo lusilele rhoqo ukuhambisa iziphumo zebhokisi eyomeleleyo. Kodwa ikwayinyani nakwiifilimu zeencwadi ezihlekisayo kude kube Umtya (1998), X-Amadoda (2000) kunye Indoda yesigcawu (2002) waqhekeza. Ngoku, iifilimu zeencwadi ezihlekisayo ligazi lobomi bempumelelo ye-Hollywood's blockbuster yezemali. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, bazisa iparadigm entsha kumhlaba wokuzonwabisa.
Xa iifilimu zeMarvel Cinematic Universe zithathe ukonwaba kwihlabathi liphela kwaye zaba lelona cwecwe liphezulu lemali bhanyabhanya kwimbali yeofisi, impumelelo ye-franchise yaqhubela phambili ukutshintsha kwesiko kwinkcubeko ye-pop: yaguqula inkcubeko ye-geek yaba yinkcubeko epholileyo, u-Yohan Varella, umphathi we-accounting arhente yentengiso IiNkampani ze-Epic , uxelele uMqwalaseli. Obu buchule bodwa butshabalalisile umsantsa wenzala phakathi kwamakhwenkwe akwishumi elivisayo kunye noomama abaphakathi (kunye nawo wonke umntu ophakathi) kwaye ngoku urhuqa esinye isigebenga sokulala se-IP kumlo weefilimu nababukeli beedola-umzi mveliso wevidiyo- evelise ingeniso engaphezulu kunemveliso yeefilimu nomculo zidibeneyo.
Phakathi kwento elandelayo yethemba lokulungiswa komdlalo wevidiyo kubandakanya iincinci ezincinci ezinesithembiso esisemthethweni. IChernobyl Umyili uCraig Mazin ujongana nembali yexesha elide yomdlalo wevidiyo emva kokubhengezwa ngokubanzi Eyokugibela yethu yeHBO. INetflix iyavuselela Indawo yokuthenga into zababulali kwaye Ukungcola kwabahlali uthotho lweTV. IWarner Bros. iya kuzisa entsha Mntundini Kombat Umboniso bhanyabhanya ngo-Epreli kunye nexesha lokubonisa iyatshona itoni yezixhobo kwi-blockbuster Mholweni Imdidlalo eqhubayo yeTV. Njengamajelo eendaba kunye nokuzonwabisa eqhubeka nokufumana ubunzima, eqhubeka nokukhulisa ubhubhane we-coronavirus kunye nonyaka we-160 yezigidigidi zeerandi-kunye nelahleko eqikelelweyo, umdlalo wevidiyo we-IP uyaqhubeka ukubonakala njengokubheja okwandayo.
Kunyaka ophelileyo, icandelo lezemiboniso bhanyabhanya laseta irekhodi yebhokisi yehlabathi kunye ne- $ 42.5 yezigidigidi kwintengiso yetikiti. Umzi mveliso wevidiyo, okwangoku, uphelele ngaphezulu $ 150 yezigidigidi . Ngokutsho komhlalutyi kunye nongxowankulu angoMatthew Ball, onayo kubhalwe ngokubanzi malunga nesidingo saseHollywood sokwamkela imidlalo yevidiyo, imboni yezemidlalo ingama-43% enkulu kunefilimu kunye nokuzonwabisa kweTV. Ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezili-162 zabantu baseMelika bebodwa abanekhonsoli yomdlalo wevidiyo, nganye Nielsen . Lonto ingaphezulu kwenani le Abasebenzisi abakhulu beAmazon kwihlabathi liphela.
Ngotshintsho olwenziweyo lokusasaza kweemetriki zempumelelo ezinje ngobude bokuzibandakanya. Ngokomndilili, ii-gamers zidlala ngaphezulu kweeyure ezisixhenxe ngeveki, ukonyuka ngama-20% ukusuka kunyaka ongaphambili, ngokuka Forbes . Imidlalo ephezulu efana Amashumi amane , Indalo yam kwaye Imvelaphi yegama lokuqala Roblox Rhoqo ziqokelela ngaphezulu kwe-1 yezigidi zeyure zexesha lokudlala lenyanga. Eyakhelwe kwi-fanbase, icandelo eliphambili kwimodeli yangoku yaseHollywood yokuthengisa iikhonsepthi esele zikho, kunye neemfuno zabathengi ngokucacileyo zonke zilapho. Esi sisiseko esomeleleyo sokwakha.
Enkosi ngamaxesha agqityiweyo okubaleka, iifilimu zinophahla lwangaphakathi ngokubhekisele kuthethathethwano. Kodwa ukuba isitudiyo sihambisa ilungu labaphulaphuli ngokugqitywa komdlalo wevidiyo kunye nakwimidlalo bhanyabhanya okanye kumabonakude ngokusekwe kuloo vidiyo, yandisa ukuntywiliselwa kwabo kunye nokuzibandakanya ngaphakathi kwendalo eyakhiwe sis studio. Ingaziva ngathi iyinyani ukuthetha ngabaphulaphuli ngokungathi babeyinkomo ezokufuywa, kodwa loo nto yintshatsheli yemithombo yeendaba kuwe. Kukho isizathu sokuba iAmazon ifumane indawo yokusasaza umdlalo wevidiyo iTwitch phantse ye- $ 1 yezigidigidi ngo-2014. 
Iimfazwe zeNkwenkwezi: Iinjineli zeRiphabhlikhi yakudala BioWare
Iimodeli ezintsha zeFranchise
Iinkampani zemithombo yeendaba zizimisele ukuphindaphinda imodeli yokubalisa amabali enqamlezayo eneentsomi ze-blockbuster ezisebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokuzonwabisa.
Umkhwa omtsha kukwenza iimeko kunye neemveliso kubukhulu obuninzi bamaqonga amaninzi, uVlad Panchenko, umseki we I-DMarket -Iqonga lokuthengisa izinto kumdlalo kunye netekhnoloji yokwenza imali kubaphuhlisi bomdlalo, abaqulunqi bomxholo, iimveliso, abadlali, amaqela e-Esports kunye nabalandeli babo-uxelele uMbonisi. Oko kuthetha ukuba ungaqalisa ngaxeshanye uthotho lweNetflix, umdlalo wevidiyo, imovie yaseHollywood kunye nokunye. Ababhali beskripthi benza uninzi oluninzi olunamalungelo e-IP anqamlezayo. Itekhnoloji yakutshanje ibanika ithuba lokuba benze inkqubo kwasekuqaleni ukuba ingena njani kulo naluphi na uhlobo. Lo mkhwa ulapha ukuhlala iminyaka emihlanu ubuncinci, kwaye iDisney ime phambili.
Inkampani yeWalt Disney yafumana iMarvel Studios ngo-2009 kwaye ngoku ibonakala ngathi iphinda iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde kwakhona nge Idabi leenkwenkwezi -I-franchise ebikwishishini lomdlalo wevidiyo amashumi eminyaka. Iminyaka, abalandeli bebekhwaza ngefilimu okanye uthotho lweTV ngokusekwe kwisithandwa Idabi leenkwenkwezi umdlalo Iinjineli zeRiphabhlikhi yakudala (2003). Kutshanje kubhengezwe u-2023 kaPatty Jenkins Idabi leenkwenkwezi uphawu Iqela elinamandla Unobudlelwane nomdlalo wevidiyo odumileyo we1998 wegama elifanayo. Kwaye i Iimfazwe zeNkwenkwezi: Idabi uthotho luhlala luyinto ephambili yokudlala i-IP yeLucasfilm. Le yipokotho enye encinci yokudibanisa okunokubakho ngaphezulu.
Amava amatsha okuntywila kunye nokongezwa kwenyani engathandabuzekiyo kunye neeapps ezisebenzisanayo zinokubeka isiseko sokuhlengahlengiswa okuphefumlelwe yimidlalo yeselfowuni enje Pokemon Yiya kwaye UHarry Potter: Imfihlakalo yeHogwarts . I-5G iya kuzisa amava omsebenzisi amatsha kubaphulaphuli bemidlalo yeqonga kwinqanaba elikhulu, elinokuphindaphindwa kwinqanaba elincinci ekhaya. Uqikelelo lwamva nje lunabadlali bemidlalo yevidiyo abenza iipesenti ezingama-40 zabemi, ngokukaJason Cherubini, umseki-mbumba kunye neCFO yeDawn's Light Media, inkampani yemiboniso bhanyabhanya kunye nemithombo yeendaba ethi ivelise ubukhulu becala iifilimu zezinto ezenziwayo kunye nohlobo olonwabisayo. Ngokuthelekisiweyo, ngo-2018, phantse ama-60% abantu baseMelika bathi zange bayifunda incwadi yamahlaya, ukanti iipropathi zeencwadi ezihlekisayo zezinye zeefilimu eziphumelele kule minyaka ingama-20 idlulileyo.
Xa kuziwa ekwenzeni imali nge-IPs, akusekho mgca phakathi kweendaba zokuzonwabisa. Ukuba yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, umboleki uya kudibana nabo kumaqonga amaninzi ngexabiso elibalulekileyo. Kuba yonke indibaniselwano yezobuchwephesha kunye nesitudiyo esikhulu saseHollywood ngoku sizama ukuxhasa inkonzo yokusasaza ngomxholo omtsha kufuneka-ube nomxholo wokuqhekeka, izihloko zomdlalo wevidiyo zibonakala zilungele ukuvuseleleka kwenkcubeko.
Okumangalisayo kukuba NgeyoMnga ngo-2019 , Akukho nanye kwimidlalo yevidiyo ethengiswa kakhulu ye50 ngalo lonke ixesha isekwe ngqo kwimiboniso bhanyabhanya kunye nohlobo lweTV kunye neefranchise. IHollywood iyaqhubeka nokuphinda isebenze kwakhona kwiscreen se-IP (okt ukuqala kwakhona, ukubuyisela kwakhona, ukulandelelana, ii-prequels kunye ne-spinoffs) ukwenza amava aqhelekileyo kubaphulaphuli, kodwa kwinqanaba elithile, le fomyula iya kufuna ukuvela. Kukho kuphela ukuphindaphinda kwakhona kwabaphulaphuli abafanayo abaza kuchitha imali. Ukudala i-IP entsha ye-blockbuster eyenza i-franchise entsha iya kuba yigolide elandelayo. Ngeliphandle, eli shishini lishiya imali eninzi etafileni ngokusilela ukumisela ubudlelwane obunobudlelwane phakathi kwabalamli.
Akukho sizathu sokuba kutheni i-IP ye uharry Potter , Aladdin okanye INkosi yeeRingi Unokwaphula iirekhodi kwiikhomikhi, ifilimu, imidlalo yeqonga, iincwadi, iipodcast, ukuthengiswa kunye neepaki zemixholo… kodwa ukuphakama 'kulunge kakhulu' kwimidlalo yevidiyo, Ibhola ubhale kunyaka ophelile. 
UHenry Cavill Witcher kukwinqanaba lokuba yeyona nto ibukelweyo kakhulu yeNetflix yeXesha le-1-ngokweendlela zabo.Katalin Vermes / iNetflix
Ukuqhekeza iKhowudi yokuLungiswa kweMidlalo yeVidiyo
Akungabazeki ukuba kwixesha elide ngokwaneleyo, li-mater yesilingo kunye nephutha kude kube yinto yokuqala yokwenene ye-blockbuster yokudlala-based based the big screens. Umdlalo wevidiyo we-IP welayibrari ukhulu kwaye, ngokungafaniyo neencwadi ezihlekisayo, ugcina uzihlaziya ngokwamandla amangalisayo.
Nje ukuba umabonwakude kunye nabenzi bhanyabhanya babethe amakhaya abo okuqala ukubhenela abaphulaphuli ngelixa bekholisa abalandeli bemidlalo ngaxeshanye njengeMCU (basondele Ulungele umdlali omnye kwaye Witcher ), Icandelo liza kutshintsha ngonaphakade, utshilo uVarella.
Ukulawula ukwenza oko kungqineke kunzima, nangona kunjalo. Imidlalo iyabandakanyeka ngokwemvelo ngelixa ii-comics zihambelana ngokuthe ngqo namava wokubukela ifilimu okanye i-TV ngokungabonakaliyo. Yiyo loo nto isizathu sokuba uhlengahlengiso oludlulileyo olunjengoluka-2016 Indawo yokuthenga into zababulali okanye ngo-2005 Intshabalalo ndikhe ndaziva ndinqanyulwe kwimithombo yolwazi okanye ndibambelele ngokusondeleyo kwi-DNA yayo.
Le ibiyisoso eyimfihlo yokuba iHollywood ayikaphumeleli ngempumelelo okwangoku, uCherubini uxelele uMbonisi. Njengeencwadi ezihlekisayo kunye nezinye i-IP ezinesiseko sefeni esirhabaxa, isenzo sokulinganisa kufuneka sibekhona phakathi kokunyaniseka kwimithombo yolwazi kunye nokwenza umxholo olungele ngokufanelekileyo isixhobo sokubonisa esihambisayo.
Into enomdla kukuba, uCherubini uqalile ukubona umabonakude ophambili we-blockbuster ebandakanya ukubaliswa kwamabali omdlalo wevidiyo, ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kwezi ndlela zimbini.
Ngamanye amaxesha, oku kuyacaca ngenjongo, njengee-HBO's IWestworld Apho silandela khona abantu njengoko bedlala umdlalo wevidiyo, utshilo. Ngamanye amaxesha, umbono wenqanaba kunye nokuphakamisa amanqanaba asezantsi, njengakwi- Disney kaThixo UMandalorian . Kuwo omabini la matyala, ukubalisa amabali kumdlalo bhanyabhanya / kumabonwakude kuyatshintshela kwimidlalo yevidiyo endaweni yendlela ejikeleze enye indawo, kubonisa ngokwenyani indlela aba babini abaqala ngayo ukuhlangana.
Ayisiyonto ilula ukulungelelanisa indlela yokunxibelelana ibe yinto eyenziwayo, wandise iimvakalelo ezimnandi ezenziwa ngabalinganiswa bomdlalo wevidiyo kunye neeyunivesithi kwaye babhekise kwizincamathelisi ezikhoyo zeembaleki eziphuhlileyo-ngelixa zazisa abalinganiswa kunye nehlabathi kubaphulaphuli abatsha. Ngalo lonke eli xesha, la mabali matsha kufuneka ahambisane nemincili ye-visceral yomdlalo wevidiyo wokuqala.
Ukuze ifilimu yanelise iigamers, abavelisi, abalawuli kunye nezitudiyo kufuneka badibanise ukuqonda okuphezulu malunga nendlela abadlali abanamathela ngayo kwii-avatars kwaye bafumane ukwaneliseka ngokubetha phantse ii-algorithms zokuphila ezingenakwenzeka ezakhelwe kumdlalo, uScott Morgan, CEO we Ubuchule bokuQala iiFilimu , uxelele uMqwalaseli. Ukukhawuleza kwe-adrenaline kunye nokugxila kwi-hyper kumdlalo kunokuguqulelwa kwifilimu ngumlawuli olungileyo onobuchule kumaqhinga e-cinematic avuyisa iingqondo zabadlali abanomdla.
Ngokwanda kweenkonzo zokusasaza ezinezixhobo ezifanelekileyo, izitudiyo zigcina ikakhulu owona mxholo wazo mkhulu kunye nendlu. Njengokuba ingeniso yelayisensi yomntu wesithathu yoma ngenxa yokudityaniswa nkqo kunye nogxininiso kubasasazi basekhaya, izitudiyo ziya kudinga umxholo okhulayo weeprofayili ukubuyisela ezo nzuzo zilahlekileyo. Enkosi kubuchwephesha obuvelayo, ukwanda kokuthandwa kwemidlalo, kunye nokuphuhlisa amaqhinga okubaliswa kwamabali, akukho nikezelo lungcono lokungcakaza okuphezulu kuneepropathi zomdlalo wevidiyo.
Kutshanje incoko malunga nefilimu yakhe yamva nje Umgaqo, I-blockbuster filmmaker uChristopher Nolan wabuzwa ukuba anganomdla wokuguqula iimuvi zakhe zibe yimidlalo yevidiyo okanye kungenjalo asebenze kwiipropathi ezinqamleze phakathi kwaba babini. Uthe wayekhona, kodwa watsho ngomngeni abanye abahlangane nawo.
Ukwenza iifilimu kunzima kwaye kuthatha ixesha elide. Ukwenza imidlalo yevidiyo kunzima ngakumbi kwaye kuthatha ixesha elide. uthe. Nokuba ibali livela phi, uNolan uthe, awufuni ukuyila uphawu. Ufuna ukuba ibe nkulu ngokwayo.
Umboniso bhanyabhanya luhlalutyo lwesitulo kwizicwangciso zaseHollywood zokukhutshwa okukhulu okutsha.
