Umzi mveliso weemovie uqhubeka ngokuzivelela-kodwa ngaba izitudiyo kunye neqonga ziya kuguquka nazo?UMalik Dupree woMqwalaseli Kwiminyaka nje embalwa edlulileyo, ishishini lemiboniso bhanyabhanya lazifumana lifunyenwe yingcinga yeGumbi lokuHlola likaSean Parker. Umseki-co-Napster (nowayesakuba ngumongameli we-Facebook), owayephazamise ishishini lomculo kwiminyaka yoo-1990, wayejonge ukwenza okufanayo eHollywood ngokusungula inkonzo yokusasaza ipremiyamu eyayiza kwenza ukuba iifilimu zibekhona kumakhaya ababukeli ngomhla wabo ukukhulula. Ngamanye amagama, iintsapho zinokubukela i-Marvel blockbuster yamva nje nge- $ 50 ukusuka kumagumbi abo okuhlala kunokuba benze uhambo oluya kwi-cinema yabo.
Oko kwaqala njengentsholongwane elula yengcamango kungekudala kwaqala ukuthatha ingcambu, kunye namanye amanani anamandla kakhulu kushishino-kubandakanya USteven Spielberg , UJJ. Abrams kunye UPeter Jackson -Kuxelwa ukuba iyayixhasa. Kwakungathi kuza kutshintshwa inyikima. Kodwa njengesiqhelo kuninzi olwaluza kuba luvukelo, icebo likaParker lakhawuleziswa kwahlangatyezwana nenkcaso, kwaye lavutha phambi kokuba libe nokutsha.
Rhuma kwiNcwadana yeendaba yoMbonisi
Kodwa ukuba umbono wakhe othile ngekamva le-cinema ufile, umbono wokubukela iimovie ekhaya kanye njengokuba betyhola i-multiplex ihlala iyinto enokubakho, ngakumbi xa kuthengiswa itikiti lemidlalo yeqonga. ngokuthe ngcembe yehlile ukusukela ngo-2002 kunye nezitudiyo eziphambili ezingakwaziyo ukukhuphisana kwinkqubo ye-blockbuster eqhutywa yi-IP zizithengisela iziqwenga. Isenokuba siye savalelisa kwigumbi lokuhlola, kodwa ngaba inkonzo enje inokuvuka eluthuthwini? Ukuba kunjalo, ingaba iqonga elo lalijongeka kanjani kubathengi?
Kutheni iGumbi lokuHlola lalisisiseko se-DOA
Isizathu sokungaphumeleli kokumiliselwa kweGumbi lokuHlola sasinokuphindaphindeka kabini: Kwakukho ukuxhathisa okukhulu kwimixokelelwane yemidlalo yeqonga ababengaqinisekanga ngokusebenza kwayo kunye nokungabikho komanyano phakathi kwee studio. E-United States, imixokelelwane emithathu emikhulu elawula intengiso zii-AMC Entertainment, iiRegal Cinemas kunye neeCinemark Theatre. Ngelixa i-AMC yayizimisele ukwenza ishishini ngeGumbi lokuHlola, zombini iRegal kunye neCinemark (kunye neqonga elidumileyo lehotele iAlamo Drafthouse) zazinganyangeki.
Ukuphazanyiswa kweenkonzo zokusasaza kwakusele kuyinkxalabo enkulu kubabonisi, kuba abanye abathengi bazimisele ukulinda ngefestile ukuze babone ifilimu ekhaya kunokuba baye kwindawo yemidlalo yeqonga, uDaniel Green, umlawuli weNkqubo yoLawulo lweShishini loKonwabisa eHeinz Ikholeji kunye nomphathi wangaphambili kwimveliso yeTV, uxelele uMbonisi.
Into eyayenza yanzima ngakumbi kukungabikho kokucaca phakathi kweqela likaParker kunye nababonisi malunga nokuba loluphi uhlobo lwesicwangciso sokwabelana ngengeniso esiza kusekwa. Inani leepesenti ezingama-40 lalidadiswe ngaxeshanye, nangona zizo zonke iiakhawunti, Igumbi lokuHlola lalisokola ukuthengisa ngokufanelekileyo imodeli yeshishini lalo kumatyathanga emidlalo yeqonga.
Ababonisi abakaqinisekanga ukuba ukubonelela ukufikelela kwimovie kwangethuba kuya kukhokelela kuphuculo oluzinzileyo lweemeko zabo zemali, utshilo uJohn Calkins,Umcebisi kumzi mveliso kwii-Ownzones Entertainment Technologies kunye nowayesakuba ngumongameli wenkqubo yee-AMC Theatre.
Ngokuphathelele kwizitudiyo, iingxelo malunga nomdla wabo ekucingelwa ukuba wahluka ngendlela eyahlukileyo, kwezinye iindawo ukubanga I-Universal, uSony noFox babenomdla ongazenzisiyo nabanye ukunyanzelisa Babethathe nje intlanganiso yolwazi. I-Disney kunye neWarner Bros kuthiwa babengenamdla wokuzibophelela, besusa abadlali ababini abakhulu baseHollywood kwi-equation.
Ukuba ezi studio zintandathu ziphambili zazilungelelanisiwe kwaye zinqwenela ukukhawulezisa ukubakho kwabathengi kweemovie ekhaya, ngebabekwazile ukwenza uxinzelelo ngakumbi kubabonisi ukuba baqwalasele le ndlela intsha yokubukela imovie. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba i-Hollywood isete irekhodi yebhokisi yasekhaya kwi-2018, kubonakala ngathi imixokelelwane yemidlalo yeqonga ayinakuba nomdla ngokwaneleyo wokuthatha umngcipheko omkhulu kangaka, ngaphandle kokwehla kweemoto abahamba nazo.
Ngaba siya kuyibona iNkonzo yokuQala yokuSasaza eKhaya kwiKamva eliSeduze?
Ngokwenyani sele sinayo. Cinema yasekhaya ebomvu , ethi irente iifilimu zokuqala ukuqhuba nge-1,500 yeedola ukuya kwi-3,000 nganye, isandula ukusekwa ngu-CEO we-Ticketmaster u-Fred Rosen kunye nengcali yokuhambisa ifilimu uDan Fellman, kwaye ifikelele kwizivumelwano ne-Warner Bros, Paramount, Lionsgate, Annapurna kunye ne-Disney's Fox amasebe. Kodwa ngeendleko ezibalulekileyo, kubandakanya i- $ 15,000 yokufaka umrhumo, kunye nenkqubo yokwenza isicelo esinzulu (kungasathethwa ke ngomda wekhadi letyala ongange- $ 50,000- okanye ngaphezulu), kufanelekile ukuthi ayizukuba yinkonzo yokhetho kubantu abaqhelekileyo.
Kodwa ingaba enye inkonzo ingaba? Kunzima ukungahoyi izinto eziyinyani zangoku kumzi-mveliso weemovie nakwimiboniso bhanyabhanya. KwiHollywood yanamhlanje, ubukrelekrele obunamandla sisidalwa esiphambili, kwaye imali ephindaphindwayo yokuhamba kwemali-ngokulandelelana, ukuthengisa-luphawu lokusinda lukaDarwin. Abo bangakwaziyo ukwenza imali rhoqo kwi-blockbusters okanye baswele ithala leencwadi elifunekayo kunye / okanye isikali sokukhuphisana nesitudiyo esine-brand-rich efana ne-Disney inokuba inyamalala iye esiphelweni. Kungenxa yoko le nto iiMurdochs zatsala inqaku ukuthengisa iiasethi zokuzonwabisa eziphambili ze-21 Century Fox kwaye kutheni iParamount Imifanekiso kutsha nje yenza isivumelwano sefilimu ezininzi ngeNetflix. Izitudiyo ezincinci ezingenayo iMarvel okanye iPstrong zisenokungabi nazo izixhobo zokukhuphisana.
Kuba imidlalo yeqonga yabantu abadala, imidlalo ehlekisayo yothando kunye neenqwelo zeenkwenkwezi-iintlobo zeefilimu ezazidla ngokutsala amanani amakhulu kwiofisi yebhokisi-ziye zancipha ekuthandeni, iithiyetha ziye zaqala ukuzilungisa njengamava obutofotofo azaliswe zihlalo ezimnandi, indawo yokutyela ephezulu kunye utywala. Yonke inzame zokulwa nokuncipha komdla kumava asemgangathweni okumdlalo bhanyabhanya-umkhwa onokuthi ngolunye usuku ubangele ukuba ii-cinephiles ziyeke ngokupheleleyo kwiithiyetha endaweni yoko zisayinela ipremiyamu yenkonzo yokubukela ekhaya njengeGumbi lokuHlola.
Umzi mveliso weqonga lemidlalo bhanyabhanya kufuneka wenze ukuba kulunge kuwe ukophula amandla omandlalo wesingqengqelo sakho, utshilo u-Allen Adamson, unjingalwazi odibeneyo kwiYunivesithi yaseNew York yeShishini leShishini kunye nombhali Shift ngaphambili , ehlola indlela ii-brand ezihlala zihambelana ngayo kwihlabathi langoku elitshintsha ngokukhawuleza. Amanye amashishini ayala ukuvela kwaye abe yi-myopic. Imibutho esele ilinde ixesha elide kakhulu ukuba ingene, kwaye ngexesha elenzayo, ukhuphiswano lomelele kakhulu. Abanabo ubungcali kunye nokufunda ukutshintsha ishishini labo.
Sele sibona imiboniso yeqonga ngenguqu eguqulweyo yokujonga ekhaya, nangona ingekho ngendlela abagcina ubunini ngayo.
Ipremiyamu yenkonzo yasekhaya ibonakala inokwenzeka ukuba ifike kwimarike nje ukuba ii-studio ezimbalwa zigqibe ekubeni kubalulekile ukukhawulelana nokusilela kwemali, utshilo uCalkins. Intengiso nganye kwi-SVOD yefilimu eyayinomhla weqonga— Mowgli , Ingxabano yaseCloverfield, njl-ayisiyonto ngaphandle kwesigqibo esisecaleni kwee-studio ezichaphazelekayo malunga nokunyuka kweefilimu eziphezulu. Ngamanye amagama, izitudiyo zefilimu zivavanya indawo yentengiso kwaye zithathe isigqibo sokuba izibonelelo ezinokubakho ezivela ngokudlula kwiithiyetha zinomtsalane ngakumbi kunomngcipheko wokukhutshelwa kweqonga.
Ukuba ishishini lokuzonwabisa lilonke lijongise ukuhanjiswa kwedijithali kunye nelifu elikufutshane, ngaba umboniso kufuneka okungenani acinge ngokuyekelela kunye nokusebenzisana nenkonzo yokusasaza efikelelekayo ekhaya? Umbutho weSizwe wabanini beTheatre wenqabile ukuhlala phantsi neGumbi lokuHlola kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo. Ngaba inganakho ukuqhubeka nokungahoyi imeko eguqukayo?
Ndicinga ukuba ekugqibeleni umboniso kunye nezitudiyo kuyakufuneka zize kwisivumelwano malunga nokuqala kokufumana amava ekhaya, utshilo uGreen. Kuya kubakho uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kubabonisi ukuba baguqule inzuzo. Kukwaluncedo kwizitudiyo ukuqaphela ezinye iindlela. Ababonisi kunye nezitudiyo kufuneka babone indlela yokutsala abantu abaninzi ekugqibeleni iifestile zemidlalo yeqonga ziya kuthi zenze isivumelwano kakhulu.
Ke liza kusebenza njani eliQonga litsha?
Njengomtsalane, ngethemba. Kodwa oko kulula kunokwenza.
Inxalenye yokufumana abathengi ukuba bathenge umbono omtsha kukwenza kube lula ukuzama kwaye usebenzise, utshilo u-Adamson. Ithathwe i-Apple TV kunye nevidiyo efunekayo ngeComcast kunye neVerizon iminyaka eliqela ukutshintsha imikhwa yabathengi kwaye babenze babe kamnandi ukubukela iifilimu ezintsha ekhaya.
Sinokuthi siqwalasele ababukeli abancinci-abanobunzima bokunxibelelana nezikrini ezininzi ngaxeshanye-baxakekile kwaye balungile. Kodwa u-Adamson ugxininisa ukuba abathengi kufuneka baziva benenkululeko yokukhetha amaxabiso aguqukayo. Umzekelo, ucebisa ngenkqubo ebiza i-20 yeedrama kumdlalo bhanyabhanya ophume iiveki ezine, iidola ezingama-40 kwimovie evulekileyo ngaphakathi kweeveki ezimbini kunye nee-60 zeedola kwifilimu efika kumabala emidlalo izolo. Nika ukuba uguquko lwamaxabiso kwaye uyakufumana indawo yokuncoma ukuba ungalivula phi elo thuba leshishini.
I-Calkins ibona imodeli efanayo ne-19.99 yeedola isenokwenzeka, kodwa i-29,99 yeedola isalinga kakuhle kubathengi.
Iifilimu zikhutshwa ngokubanzi kwi-DVD malunga neeveki ezili-12 ukuya kwezi-16 emva kwenkulumbuso yeqonga. I-HBO ifumana iifilimu kwiinyanga ezisibhozo emva kokuba zibonisiwe. INetflix izuza njengelifa iimovie zikaDisney malunga neenyanga ezintandathu emva kokuba bethe bhanya kumdlalo bhanyabhanya (nangona olo lungiselelo luza kunyibilika kungekudala). IAmazon Studios ibeka iifilimu zayo kwiVidiyo yeNkulumbuso malunga neenyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezine emva kokuba bethe bhanyabhanya.
Ngelixa uninzi lwemithombo esithethileyo ukuba siyavumelana ukuba isicwangciso-nkqubo sokukhululwa sosuku kunye nomhla sinzima kakhulu sokutsiba kule nkqubo yangoku, bacinga ukuba imodeli yeeveki ezintathu ukuya kwezine emva kokukhutshwa inokuba yinto yokwenyani kufutshane kwikamva.
UNapster inokuba wayekhululekile, kodwa noSean Parker uyasivuma eso sivumelwano.
