'12 Imizobo yabahlali baseRemington ', 2012, nguGaia ubonwa kwiPhiko lale mihla leBaltimore Museum of Art ngoMvulo we-12 kuNovemba ngo-2012 eBaltimore, MD. Iphiko libandakanya imisebenzi kaAndy Warhol phakathi kwamanye amagcisa.Ifoto nguMat McClain yeWashington Post ngokusebenzisa imifanekiso kaGetty Ukucwangcisa utyelelo kumyuziyam kuya kusiba nzima ngakumbi, inokuba sisizathu sokuba Amandla esizwe kwingxelo yezobuGcisa ifumanise ukuba onke amaqela ngaphandle kwalawo aneminyaka engaphezulu kwama-75 ubudala aya kwiimyuziyam ngaphantsi. Ukuba ungaya nje kwiMyuziyam yaseFrick nanini na xa imeko ihlasela, uhlawula imali engange- $ 22 yabantu abadala yokwamkelwa — okanye uye apho ngoLwesibini phakathi2 kunye no-6 emva kwemini.(xa ubhatala-ufuna ntoni) okanye eyokuqalauLwesihlanungokuhlwaNgo-6-9 emva kwemini.yenyanga ngaphandle kwenyanga zikaJanuwari noSeptemba (xa simahla kuluntu)? Ukuba imali ngumba, okanye ukuba unesiqingatha nje seyure yokungena, $ 22 inokubonakala ngathi inkulu.
Into ekufuneka ihlawuliswe iindwendwe ibingumbandela ocekeceke woluntu lwemyuziyam, olwaziyo ukuba eyona njongo yalo iphambili kukwenza ukuba izinto zifikeleleke eluntwini kwaye nemirhumo yokwamkelwa ephezulu inciphise inani labantu abaza kuza kumaziko.
Thatha, umzekelo, iMyuziyam yoBugcisa yaseLos Angeles County, ethe ngonyaka ophelileyo yaphakamisa ukwamkelwa kwabantu abadala ukusuka kwi- $ 15 ukuya kwi- $ 20 kwabo bahlala kwiLos Angeles County. (Kubantu abadala abahlala ngaphandle kwommandla lowo, intlawulo eyi- $ 25.) Eli ziko liyinxalenye yeqela elinamalungu angama-31 eemyuziyam zase-California ezisemazantsi eziya kuthi zibambe i-13thyonyaka IiMyuziyam zisimahla-kuzo zonke NgeCawa kaJanuwari 28, evumela iindwendwe ukuba zize simahla. Ke, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ingaba injongo ikukukhuthaza ukutyelelwa okanye ukunyuswa kwengeniso, imyuziyam efanayo inokuba simahla, ingabizi mali ininzi kwezinye kwaye ibize kakhulu kwabanye, isenzo esaziwa ebaleni njengexabiso eliguqukayo.
Isizukulwana esidlulileyo, ngokophando olwenziwe yiAmerican Alliance of Museums, isibini kwisithathu semyuziyam yaseMelika khange sifune ntlawulo yolwamkelo, kodwa ngoku isibini kwisithathu siyayenza. Sonke sizama ukulungelelanisa uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali, uKaywin Feldman, umlawuli weMinneapolis Institute of Art kwaye kude kube kutshanje ungusihlalo weAmerican Alliance of Museums, uxelele uMbonisi. Usekupheleni kwenkqubo kwaye uza kufutshane. Ngaba kuya kufuneka unyuse isixa ekuceliweyo ukuba sinikelwe? Oko kunokuba nzima. Ukuphakamisa ukwamkelwa kunokuba sisisombululo sokugqibela sokulinganisa uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali, nokuba oko kusebenza ngokuchasene nezinye iinjongo zakho.
IZiko lobugcisa laseMinneapolis, nangona kunjalo, simahla eluntwini kwaye ukusukela oko yasusa ukwamkelwa kwiminyaka engama-30 eyadlulayo. Inani lezinye iimyuziyam ziye zaya kwicala, kubandakanya iMyuziyam yaseDallas yoBugcisa,IMyuziyam yoBugcisa yaseBaltimore, iMyuziyam yobuGcisa yaseJoslyn e-Omaha, e-Nebraska, kwiMyuziyam yaseBronx, kwiMyuziyam yobuGcisa yaseSt.Imyuziyam yaseCleveland yobuGcisa,ICrystal Bridges Museum, iMyuziyam yoBugcisa yaseNelson-Atkins, iZiko lobugcisa laseDaytonImyuziyam yobuGcisa yaseToledo, iMyuziyam yoBugcisa yaseKimbell, Ukuqokelelwa kweMenil, iMyuziyam yaseAmon Carter,IZiko lobugcisa beDayton, iMyuziyam yaseHammer (e-UCLA),IZiko lobuGcisa beDes Moines, iJ. Paul Getty Museum,I-Indianapolis Museum of Art, i-Walters Museum kunye neemyuziyam zeSmithsonian Institution. (Kwezinye zeemyuziyam, ezinjengeMyuziyam yaseDallas yoBugcisa kunye neNelson-Atkins, ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi kukhululekile kodwa kunokubakho intlawulo yokubona imiboniso ethile.)Ukongeza, kukho ezinye, ezinjengeMyuziyam yaseBrooklyn, eziye zacebisa kuphela iifizi, zivumela iindwendwe ukuba zihlawule oko zikunqwenelayo. IMyuziyam yaseMetropolitan yoBugcisa, eyayinomgaqo-nkqubo ocetyiswayo womrhumo, namhlanje ibhengeze ukuba iqala ukusebenza ngoMatshi 1, Iindwendwe ezingaphandle korhulumente ziya kucelwa ukuba zihlawule imali yokwamkelwa eyi- $ 25. 
'La Riviere', umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Aristide Maillol ubala igadi eqingqiweyo eVirginia Museum of Fine Arts eRichmond, eVirginia (2013).Ifoto nguNorm Shafer / KwiWashington Post ngokusebenzisa imifanekiso kaGetty
Inkcaso yokunciphisa okanye yokuphelisa ukwamkelwa ibonakala incinci phakathi kwamagosa olondolozo lwembali, athi athabathe imbono xa sele evakalisiwe ngowayesakuba yiMetropolitan Museum of Art Director uPhilippe de Montebello. Yintoni na ngobugcisa ukubaakufunekiUkubhatalwa? Ubuzile, ethelekisa intlawulo yokwamkelwa ngokufanelekileyo kumaxabiso etikiti ekonsathi yomculo othile werock. UFeldman uqaphele ukuba wayehlala enombono ofanayo. Kukho umbono wokuba ubhatalela into oyixabisileyo, kwaye ithoba isidima sobugcisa ngokungaceli abantu ukuba bahlawule. Ndayitshintsha indlela endandicinga ngayo ndakufika apha.
UFeldman, oye waqaphela ukuba ukuya eMinneapolis Institute of Arts kuphindwe kahlanu kunoko kweZiko lobuGcisa i-Walker, elathi lamisela ulwamkelo malunga nelo xesha i-MIA ishenxisa imirhumo yalo, wathi sifuna ukwenza imyuziyam ityelele umkhwa, kwaye ekuphela kwendlela yokwenza oko kukususa intlawulo yokwamkelwa.
Imbono ephosakeleyo malunga nokuphelisa ukwamkelwa kukuba kuxhamla kuphela amalungu amaqela amancinci kunye nabantu abahluphekileyo, ngokutsho kukaGary Vikan, owayesakuba ngumlawuli weWalters Art Museum owaqalisa umgaqo-nkqubo wasimahla wasesidlangalaleni apho ngo-2006. Inenekazi elinenwele kwibhodi yeziko lolondolozo lwembali elalinesibindi sokuthetha ukuba abanye bacinga ntoni, ukuba ukhululekile bonke abariff bazokungena, uVikan uxelele uMbonisi. Ndamchazela ukuba abantu bakhona ukujonga ubugcisa, hayi ukulala ebhentshini. Ukwamkelwa simahla kusebenza njengokhuthazo kuwo onke amaqela ukuba atyelele imyuziyam, utshilo, nangona eqaphela ukuba emva kowe-2006 ukuzimasa kwenyuka ngeepesenti ezingama-45 kwaye inani labathathi-nxaxheba lonyuka ngesithathu.
Yintoni engeniswa simahla ayenzi, nangona kunjalo, zihlawulela ngokwazo. Ngokuqinisekileyo khange senze mali ilahlekileyo ngokungabizi imali yokwamkelwa kwabantu abaninzi abachitha imali kwivenkile yezipho, utshilo. UFeldman wathi ukulahla ukwamkelwa kuvule amathuba kubagcini-ungabeka kwimiboniso emincinci, enemisebenzi emithathu kuyo, onokuba madolw 'anzima ukuyenza xa ubiza ukwamkelwa, kuba abantu ke balindele ukubona iiMonets ezingama-50 okanye enye into. Ukucacisa-kodwa ukongeza ukuba ukukhululeka kwenza ukuba kube nzima ngakumbi ukuveza umboniso, yiyo loo nto i-MIA ibiza i-15 leedola ukungena kwimiboniso ethile. Kusafuneka wenze imiboniso emikhulu ukugcina abantu bebuya.
Ukuphelisa umqobo ekungeneni kuncinci kwisigqibo sezoqoqosho kunokuziphatha okuhle, utshilo uVikan. Okwangoku, imirhumo yokwamkelwa yenze iipesenti ezimbini kuphela zengeniso yonyaka yeWalters, kwaye umsantsa wengeniso wavalwa ngabanikeli bendawo kunye nabanikeli beziseko abafuna ukukhuthaza eli linge. Kwangokunjalo, e-Baltimore Museum of Art, eyayisusa iindleko zayo zokwamkelwa ngaxeshanye ne-Walters Art Museum, kwabakho ukwehla nge-9.2 yeepesenti kubulungu emva kokuba sisungule ukwamkelwa simahla, kodwa safumana izipho zexesha elinye ukubhiyozela Ukwamkelwa simahla kubantu, iziseko, kunye neenkampani, ngokutsho kwesithethi semyuziyam. Phakathi kwabo banikelayo kwakukho uWilliam G. Baker, Omnci. Memorial Fund, iAnne Arundel County, uJoseph noHarvey Meyerhoff Fund Charity Funds kunye neT. Rowe Price Associates Foundation, Inc. Omnye umthombo wenkxaso yayisisipho sesipho esivela kwiNgxowa-mali yoSapho yeCohen Ungeniso mahala. Ngenxa yezi minikelo, akukho lunciphiso lohlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwalufuneka.
Ingxoxo-mpikiswano malunga nokuba yintoni na okanye ukubiza imali eyamkelweyo yinxalenye yengxoxo enkulu malunga nokuba zeziphi iimyuziyam ekufuneka zenziwe kwaye zibekhona. Imodeli yenkulungwane edlulileyo yeemyuziyam, utshilo uFeldman, kukwakha, ukukhula kunye nokufumana, oku kuyabiza kwaye kufuna ukuba kungabikho mthombo wengeniso ongahoywa. Uluvo olutsha lwemyuziyam lubandakanya izimvo malunga nokwenziweyo nengqokelela esele ikho ukuphucula ukufikelela nokwandisa ukuqonda, yiyo loo nto eli nani likhulayo lamaziko libeka ingqokelela yalo kwi-intanethi kwaye lizama ukwenza amava olondolozo lwembali ukuba asebenzisane ngakumbi. Ezona ziko lolondolozo lwembali likhulu elizweni zizama ukulandela zombini iimodeli, kodwa iziphumo ikukuba isenzo sabo kwelinye icala sisebenza ngokuchasene nokufikelela okuthe kratya abanethemba lokukufikelela.
Ukufikelela kuthintelwe kwimirhumo ephezulu yokwamkelwa, utshilo uVikan. Abantu abakwimyuziyam basebenza nzima malunga namaziko okwenza imisebenzi yobugcisa, ebenza ukuba bangafumaneki eluntwini, njengakwinto eyenzekayo ngoNorman Rockwells kwiMyuziyam yaseBerkshire eMassachusetts. Ukuhlawulisa umrhumo uninzi ukuba alukho uninzi lwabantu olungenakho ukuluhlawula lubi kanye njengokufumana deaccession, engqondweni yam.
Uluhlu lwazo zonke iifizi simahla kunye nesaphulelo sokwamkelwa kwamalungu ngamalungu eqela leemyuziyam ze-SoCal anokufumaneka Apha .
UDaniel Grant ngumbhali ozimeleyo kunye nombhali we Iincwadi ezintlanu zeshishini kunye nobugcisa obuhle .
