UCarl Laemmle uveza uFrankenstein: Indoda eyenze isigebenga Ipowusta ka-1931.ILayibrari kaMorgan kunye neMyuziyam UMary Shelley wayeneminyaka engama-20 kuphela ngo-1818 xa wapapasha inoveli yakhe UFrankenstein , malunga nososayensi ovusa isidumbu ebomini. Iyaphila, Imbali ebonakalayo yeFrankenstein kwiThala leeNcwadi laseMorgan kunye neMyuziyam (nge-27 kaJanuwari ngo-2019) ilandela loo ngcamango ngokukhulelwa kwayo kubomi basemva kweqonga kunye nescreen, uxela ulungelelwaniso lwayo oluninzi ngokusebenzisa imizekeliso, iihlaya kunye neememorabilia zemuvi.
Namhlanje wonke umntu uyazi iFrankenstein, okanye mhlawumbi sicinga nje ukuba siyayenza. Nazi ezinye zeenkolelo kunye neembonakalo zayo ezininzi ongazaziyo.
Ibali le UFrankenstein yenziwe ngokupheleleyo ngumbhali wayo.
Ngokungafaniyo IDracula ( eyayinezinto ezichaseneyo zemveli ) okanye malunga nayo nayiphi na into yasendle yaseklasikhi, efana I-Moby Dick (eyakhelwe kwimisebenzi yombhali wayo elwandle), UFrankenstein yayingenayo imithombo esele ikhona yenqaku layo lokuvuselela i-monster efunyenwe phantsi kweqhwa le-arctic. Nantso ke into… uyenzile nyani, utshilo umbambisi womboniso kunye nomlobi wekhathalogu u-Elizabeth Campbell Denlinger.
Bhalisela iNcwadana yeendaba yoBugcisa
Ukusukela ngoko, inoveli kaMary Shelley yahluthwa yaze yabolekwa kwaye yafakwa kwimithombo yeendaba nakwintengiso ye-nauseam. Ukusetha imo eyabangela le klasiki, abagcini baseMorgan baphakamisa i-miasma yeendaba ze-gothic kunye nemifanekiso ebonakalayo eyayiyiyo yonke ingqumbo ngelo xesha, kwaye ngubani uMary Shelley owaziyo. Ukujonga ngumzobo kaHenry Fuseli, Ubusuku obubi, Ngo-1781, umntu obhinqileyo oleleyo elele ngesidalwa esifana nedemon esihleli phezu kwakhe esazisa ngetoni enkulu. UFuseli wayekuyo yonke indawo ngelo xesha. UMary Shelley ngewayewubonile lo mfanekiso, utshilo uDenlinger. 
UHenry Fuseli, Iphupha elibi , 1781. I-oyile kwinqwelo.IZiko lobugcisa laseDetroit
Imbongi, ilungu elihloniphekileyo nelaziwayo lendibano yamaRoma u-Lord Byron wanceda wazisa incwadi kaMary Shelley ebomini.
Emva kokuba uMary Godwin, kamva uMary Shelley, athathe indoda yakhe, imbongi uPercy Bysshe Shelley, udadewabo kaMary, uClaire Clairmont, wagqiba kwelokuba naye udinga imbongi ebomini bakhe. Ngo-1816, wakhohlisa u-Lord Byron, hayi indoda yokujika nabani na, owathi emva koko waya eSwitzerland nogqirha wakhe.
UClaire kunye nabakwaShelleys balandela, bahlala kwizindlu ezimbini eLake Geneva. Esi sibini sizonwabisile ngokufunda ngokuvakalayo kumthamo weentsomi ze-gothic. Xa u-Byron ecebisa ukhuphiswano lokubhala awabo amabali esiporho, uMary wayefuna ukufumana ibali eliza kuthi, njengoko kamva wabhala kwi-inoveli yakhe, ajije igazi kwaye akhawuleze ukubetha kwentliziyo. Ekugqibeleni kwafika umbono kuye. Ndabona-ngamehlo avaliweyo, kodwa umbono ongqongqo wengqondo- ndambona umfundi oluthuthu wobugcisa obungavumelekanga eguqa ecaleni kwento awayeyihlanganise, wakhumbula. Wemka waya eNgilani UFrankenstein entlokweni yakhe. UClaire, kwelinye icala, wabuya ekhulelwe umntwana ka-Byron.
ILondon yee-1820s yayilixhalabile eli bali.
UWhittock, Umnumzana T. P. Cooke, we-Theatre Royal Covent Garden, kumlinganiswa werhamncwa kwezothando olukhulu lwe-Frankenstein phakathi kowe-1832 nowe-1834 , Lithograph.Ingqokelela kaCarl H. Pforzheimer kaShelley kunye nesangqa sakhe, iThala leeNcwadi laseNew York, iAstor, iLenox kunye neZiseko zeTilden
Siliqhelile ibali likaFrankenstein ngokusebenzisa inoveli kaMary Shelley yowe-1818 kunye nefilimu yakudala yowe-1931 eyayikhokelwa nguJames Whales, edlala indawo kaBoris Karloff. Ukanti okokuqala kwafikelela koko kwakugqalwa njengabaphulaphuli abaninzi kwinqanaba laseLondon ngee-1820s, ngakumbi kwimveliso apho uThomas Potter Cooke, inkwenkwezi ngelo xesha, wazipenda ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwaye wadlala i-monster esisimumu kwi-pantomime. Wayengomnye wemidlalo elishumi elinesihlanu eyadlala eLondon ukusuka ngo-1823 ukuya ku-1826.
Imithetho yelungelo lokushicilela eBritani emva koko yayingawukhuseli umsebenzi kaMary Shelley kuye nakubani na owayefuna ukuwumisa. Iinguqulelo ze UFrankenstein ikwadlalwe kwimidlalo yeqonga eParis. Umlandeli wabasetyhini wanikela njengesikhumbuzo ngeqonga laseFrance ngo-1861-ngombono kulo mboniso-ngumzekelo wokuqala wentengiso yaseFrankenstein. Abalandeli abangama-25,000 banikwa ngaphezulu komdlalo.
Ngaphandle kokuvezwa kwakhe, uBoris Karloff wayengenguye umlawuli wokuqala ukhetho lukaJames Whale lokudlala isigebenga kwifilimu yakhe yowe-1931.
UFrankenstein, okanye, iposta yePrometheus yanamhlanje. Ishicilelwe iNew York, iGrosset kunye neDunlap, ca. Ngo-1931.Morgan Library kunye neMyuziyam UKarloff (owazalelwa uWilliam Henry Pratt eNgilani) waseka itemplate yesilo saseFrankenstein kwiscreen esikhulu nangaphaya. Nditsho noHerman Munster (odlalwa nguFred Gwynn) kwiminyaka yoo-1960 ’ehlekisa kumabonwakude IiMunsters ibinguKarloff enkqonkqoza. Kodwa uLon Chaney Sr., odume ngeendima zakhe ze-monster kwixesha elithe cwaka, yayikukhetho lokuqala lweminenga ukudlala uGqirha Frankenstein. Kodwa uChaney wasweleka ngo-1930, ewushiya umsebenzi uvulekile, kwaye uKarloff wafumana indima (kunye nembonakalo) eyamenza ukuba abe yinxalenye yomlando wefilimu.
Intombi yakhe, uSara Karloff, wayenogonyo oluphindaphindiweyo kwisifo sikayise esivela ngaphandle njengenkwenkwezi: UFrankenstein wayeyifilimu yakhe yama-81, kwaye kwakungekho namnye owakha wabona i-80 yokuqala. UBoris Karloff wayeza kwenza indima Umama emva konyaka.
Ukulandelelana kwe-1960 kwahlaziya ibali kunye ne-monster eziswe ebomini ngemitha evela kwibhombu yeatom eyaphoswa eHiroshima.
Ngo-1931 UFrankenstein Umboniso bhanyabhanya usungule ii-sequels ezingapheliyo, kodwa akukho namnye owomileyo kunesaga saseJapan UFrankenstein Woyisa Ihlabathi, Ngo-1965, edlala umlingisi waseMelika uNick Adams, owaziwa ngendima yakhe kuthotho lweTV Umvukeli . 
UFrankenstein Woyisa Ihlabathi, ngo-1966 ipowusta.I-Academy yeMoto yoMfanekiso woBugcisa kunye neNzululwazi
Izinto ziqala xa intliziyo ye-monster engafiyo (ethathwe kwilebhu yesazinzulu eJamani) idluliswa isuka kwisikhephe samaNazi isiya kulwandle lwaseJapan, oluya nayo eHiroshima, ekujolise kuko kolunye uhlaselo lweatom e-US olukhokelele kumaJapan. ukunikezela. Isenzo sitsibela iminyaka eli-15 ngaphambili, xa isidalwa esineenyawo ezingama-20 sifunyenwe sijikeleza iHiroshima, sihlasela izilwanyana ezincinci. Isazinzulu saseMelika (uNick Adams, obizwa ngesiJapan) uthatha uvelwano kulutsha olufikisayo njengexhoba lemitha, kodwa le nkwenkwana inkulu isweleka kwidabi elinerhamncwa (elingumzekelo ku-Godzilla, esinye isidalwa esikhubazekile yimitha) ephuma phantsi komhlaba. Ifilimu ivulwe eJapan nge-8 ka-Agasti ka-1965, ukuphawula iminyaka engamashumi amabini yokuqhushumba kweHiroshima. Yakhishwa e-US kunyaka olandelayo, yabizwa ngesiNgesi, kunye no-Adams bethetha ngelizwi lakhe. Ifilimu emva koko yayinendlela yayo elandelayo, Imfazwe yeGargantuas, Ngo-1966.
Amahlaya kaFrankenstein apapashwe ngexesha leMfazwe ebandayo akhokelela kumkhankaso wokunyanzelwa.
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1940 kunye nee-1950s zokuqala, njengoko ibali likaFrankenstein lafumana indlela yokuhlekisa, igongqongqo laseFrankenstein, kunye ne-werewolves kunye ne-vampires ezinje ngeDracula, nazo zakhawuleza zazifumana zaziwa njenge-Cold War paranoia. Kwaxoxwa ngelithi aba balinganiswa banokujongela phantsi isimilo sobutsha okanye baphambukise ingqalelo yabo kwizihloko ezisempilweni-Ukuzonwabisa kwabantwana, bekucingelwa, ekugqibeleni kufuneka kube negalelo kumzamo weukwakha uxhathiso kwiindlela zaseRussia zokuhlola okanye ukwenza buthathaka iMelika. 
UDick Briefer, UFrankenstein , hayi. 10.UCraig Yoe kunye noClizia Gussoni
Ngo-1954, iziko leKhomikhi yeKhomishini lanyanzelisa abapapashi ukuba banciphise uburhalarhume, inkohlakalo nolwaphulo-mthetho kumabali abo ajolise kubafundi abancinci beekhomikhi. Ngo-1934, kwiminyaka emithathu emva kwenguqulo yokuqala yesikrini UFrankenstein , Ulawulo lweKhowudi yeMveliso esekwe zizitudiyo eziphambili zeefilimu zalandela ngokufanayo, zifuna ukuba zonke iifilimu zingenise kwiKhowudi yokuPhathwa kweMifanekiso yokuShukumisela ukuvunywa ngokusemthethweni. Ubundlobongela obugqithisileyo kunye nomxholo wokuziphatha ngokwesondo uya kucinezelwa amashumi eminyaka.
Ngo-1994 UFrankenstein Umboniso bhanyabhanya wayenemodeli echanekileyo eyoyikisayo kaRobert De Niro njengesigebenga esijinga ecaleni kweseti.
Imodeli yeTorso yokwenziwa kukaRobert De Niro ngendima yakhe njengesidalwa UFrankenstein , 1994.IYunivesithi yaseTexas eAustin Abazobi be Makeup kunye nabachweli bemifanekiso eqingqiweyo bathungelana kunye nemodeli enobungakanani bentloko kaRobert De Niro kunye nomzimba xa umdlali weqonga wayedlala phambili kuKenneth Branagh's 1994 UFrankenstein . Umdlali weqonga wadlala indima enentloko echetyiweyo kunye nezithungo ezingcolileyo emqolo nasentloko ukuphindaphinda ulusu lwesidumbu esihlangene kumalungu omzimba. Benza [umfuziselo] ukuze babonisane nayo ngeenjongo zokuqhubeka, utshilo umququzeleli uDenlinger, Ingathi ngumncedisi-memoire.
Eyona nto imangalisayo, imodeli ebukekayo ifana nomfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaRon Mueck no-Evan Penny. Umntu ojongwa eMorgan uvela kumnikelo weememorabilia zefilimu zikaDe Niro ezenziwe ngumdlali weDyunivesithi yaseTexas. Kule meko, iyaphila ngathi ingaphezulu kwesiqubulo. Yeyona nto yoyikekayo kumboniso. Izisa ikhaya, ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye into uluvo lokwenza i-monster, utshilo uDenlinger.
