Iingqayi zigcwele intsangu yonyango zibonwa e-Sunset Junction ngonyango lwe-marijuana ngoMeyi 11, 2010 eLos Angeles, California.I-Kevork Djansezian / imifanekiso kaFetty Kanye njengoko isenza ngayo iziqhamo zamatye, iiamangile, kunye nemifuno emininzi ifunyenwe kwiitafile zokutya eMelika, eCalifornia ibonelela iUnited States ngobuninzi bayo intsangu.
Kukhona ezinye Iifama ze-cannabis ezingama-68,000 kulo lonke ilizwe, ngokwe-California Growers Association, indawo yokulinda eyona ndawo iphambili yabalimi e-Capitol yaseburhulumenteni. Eli nani liqikelelwa kuba likhula ngokwahluka kubungakanani ukusuka ekusebenzeni komntu omnye kumagumbi okulala aseleyo kunye nasegaraji, ukuya kwizambatho zikamama-kunye-pop zezityalo ezilishumi elinambini ezisasazekayo phantsi kwe-redwoods, kwizindlu zokugcina izityalo ezinemali eninzi ezisebenzisa iindlela zolimo kwimizi. , kubantu abakhangeleka bekrokrela bemisa inkampu kangangeenyanga kwihlathi lesizwe. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo yile Iipesenti ezingama-99 kwezi fama ngoku akukho semthethweni.
Ngomhla we-12 kweyoKwindla, i-ofisi entsha yelizwe yaseCal Cannabis ekhupha amaphepha-mvume okulima intsangu. Ngaphandle kwemvume yombuso, abalimi batshixelwe ngaphandle ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwiCalifornia entsha $ 7 yezigidigidi ushishino lwentsangu olusemthethweni. Kuba amaziko amaninzi afumene amaphepha mvume amaninzi — ngamanye amaxesha abamba ama-30 okanye nangaphezulu ukuze basebenzise isithuba somthetho kwaye bavule amasimi e-cannabis anobungakanani obungasikelwanga mda — phantse ipesenti yabalimi bentsangu baseCalifornia okwangoku basemthethweni urhulumente, ngokwexhala ingxelo Ikhutshwe nguCalGrowers.
Yiyo loo nto oomama-kunye-pops benza ioyile ye-cannabis yonyango kwizigulana ezinomhlaza ngoku zidityaniswe ndawonye kwibhakethi elikhulu kakhulu, elinzima kakhulu kunye neekhatriya zeziyobisi. Kunye neCalifornia, eyadla kuphela Izigidi ezi-2.5 zezigidi ezili-13.5 zeepawundi yentsangu eyivelisileyo, ngokokuqikelelwa okulondoloziweyo okulungiselelwe iSebe lezokutya nezoLimo likarhulumente, ngoku ijonge phantsi umphanda wentsangu ukunqongophala .
Sifike njani apha? Kwenzeka njani ukuba iCalifornia, ifama yentsangu yaseMelika, iyiguqulele ngokweqile ibhayibhile ibe yingxaki yonikezelo?
Umbuzo ongcono oza kuwubuza ngowokuba ngubani kwimeko enjalo oxhamlayo. Njengoninzi lweengxaki kubungxowankulu, nakuphi na ukunyanzelwa kwentsangu kuya kwenza abantu abambalwa babe zizityebi. Kwaye ukunqongophala kokhula ngeendaba ezimnandi ukuba ungomnye wabambalwa abanofikelelo kwimpahla yorhwebo.
Nangona idlala eyona mveliso indala yesizwe yentsangu kunye neyona nto ingene nzulu — iivenkile zentsangu ezikhupha intengiso enkulu ziye zabukelwa kwizixeko zaseCalifornia isithuba esingaphezulu kweshumi leminyaka, kwaye kukho abalimi namhlanje ootatomkhulu noomakhulu babo abatyala imbewu yokuqala ye-cannabis kwiintsapho zabo— I-California yinto entsha yokuthengisa kwintengiso yolonwabo.
I-Cannabis yayifumaneka kwi-counter kubo bonke abantu abadala 21 nangaphezulu ukuqala ngoJanuwari 1, 2018. Kwaye ke, ngaphandle kwembali yayo, abenzi bomthetho baseCalifornia, abalawuli, kunye noosomashishini kumashishini kunye nabatyali mali bajonge kwamanye amazwe ukufumana umbono wento lindela.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukunqongophala kwempahla kuye kwaba luphawu phantse lwentengiso nganye yaseburhulumenteni yentsangu esemthethweni. EWashington , INevada kwaye Oregon abathengisi bazifumanise bengakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezingxamisekileyo. Amabali amabi ezishelufu ezingenanto, iidola ezingama-20 zeedola kunye neemarike ezimnyama ezilandelwayo.
Kwiindawo ezinolwazelelelo ezinje IPennsylvania , urhulumente uqinisekise ngenkxaso engaphantsi. Abenzi bomthetho beLeery bakhethe ukunyanzelisa ubonelelo ngokuthintela ngokungqongqo inani labavelisi abavunyelweyo. IFlorida kwaye iOhio ilandele le modeli inye, ineziphumo ezifanayo eziqikelelweyo: amaxabiso aphezulu okuthengisa, ukubonelelwa ngokungagunyaziswanga, utyalo-mali olunoburhalarhume kwimali enengeniso-kuba-banqongophele iimvume zokukhula, kwaye urhwaphilizo .
Ukusukela ukuba iCalifornia ibinezinto ezilawulwa ngokusemgangathweni (okona kulungileyo) kwintengiso, ukumiselwa kwemithetho kuthetha ukuba ukuphazamiseka bekungenakuphepheka. ECarlifonia, ixhala elinye liza ngoJulayi 1, xa imimiselo emitsha malunga nokusetyenziswa kwezibulali zinambuzane ukukhaba kuyo — de kube lelo xesha, phantse zonke iimbiza zikarhulumente zingumsi emngciphekweni wakho — phantse zonke ezo 13.5 zezigidi zeepawundi ziya kusilela kwiimvavanyo zelebhu ezifunekayo.
Kodwa eyona ndlela ikhawulezayo kunye neyona isebenzayo yokufumana ukunqongophala phakathi kwezibonelelo kukutsala iPennsylvania kwaye ngandlela thile umda omkhulu kubathengisi. Ukuba awukwazi ukuzisa imveliso yakho kwintengiso kwaye umntu okhuphisana naye anganakho, umntu wakhe angaphantsi kwaye asenokufumana ixabiso eliphezulu.
Kwaye oku kuyenzeka.
Izizathu ezinikezelwayo ziyahluka, ubukhulu becala kubungqina besazisi. Enye inkolelo kukuba abo balimi abakhathali ukuba banelayisensi kwaye bathande kakhulu umngcipheko omkhulu wokufumana iipawundi zokuthumela eHawaii okanye kwiSixeko saseNew York. Uva ingxoxo ye-pesticide, yokuba abalimi abanako ukulungelelanisa neemfuno ezintsha. Ezi uziva kubantu abafumene ilayisensi.
Okanye uyeva ukuba imimandla yommandla kunye nengingqi ingqongqo kakhulu, ukuba isithintelo sokungena siphezulu kakhulu, ukuba intengiso ithande iimpahla ezinkulu, ezinemali eninzi kubalimi abancinci abancinci nabomama, ngokwezithembiso ezenziwe ngexesha lomkhankaso ukumisa intsangu ngokusemthethweni, kuya kuba ngabaxhamli bokwenza ngokusemthethweni. Abo uva, ngesiqhelo, kubalimi batshixelwe ngaphandle.
I-microcosm ebonisa ukuba zeziphi na izibonelelo ezinokubonwa kwiMonterey County, kwitafile eseziflethini uJohn Steinbeck esetyenziswa njengendawo yokubhala emva. Apho, kwizindlu zokugcina eziluhlaza ezindala ezishiywe ngabalimi beentyatyambo, imisebenzi yentsangu enkulu yezolimo kunye nezolimo iyahlekisa. Le yimisebenzi eneemvume, kwaye bahlala khona kungaphelanga neminyaka emibini. Indlela ephezulu kwiinduli ezikude ziintsapho zeshishini. Ukucandwa kwemida ethintelayo kuthetha ukuba akuvumelekanga.
Abathengi baya kuqaphela. Abanakukhetha-baya kubona oku kubonakala kwiirisithi zabo zentengiso, njengoko befumanisa ukuba bahlawula ngakumbi nangakumbi ukhula olungaphezulu kwekhawuntarethi kwindawo engenako ukuthengisa lonke ukhula olukhulayo.
Kunyaka ophelile , ngeemarike zisavuleleke kubo bonke, amafama aphelelwe lithemba ayezama ukothula iiponti ezingathengiswanga zesivuno sonyaka ophelileyo ngamaxabiso ezinga lentlupheko. Ngaphandle koko, amaxabiso okuthengisa ahlala engatshintshanga.
Ukusukela nge-1 kaJanuwari, xa iivenkile zentengiso zokuzonwabisa zentsangu zivulelwe ishishini, amaxabiso inyuke ngamanani aphindwe kabini. Uninzi lwezityholo zale spike yamehlo zinikezelwe iirhafu-kwaye eneneni, ukhula lirhafiswa kakhulu Iipesenti ezingama-40 kweminye imimandla, ngokukaFitch.
Kodwa xa uninzi lwempahla ekhuliswe endaweni ingenakuthengiswa apho kwaye ibango lihlala lihlala lihleli, kwanezinto ezincinci ziya kulanda ixabiso leprimiyamu.
Kwaye ekubeni intengiso enokubakho yentsangu iqhume nje, ukusuka kwizigidi ezimbalwa zabantu abaneengcebiso ngezonyango kunye nentsangu kuye nakowuphi na umhlali okanye abakhenkethi abaneminyaka engama-21 nangaphezulu, iCalifornia ifumene indlela yokufumana ibango ngelixa kuncitshiswa ubonelelo lokungena.
Kukho ixesha le-pivot, kunye nokulungisa iikinks kumzi-mveliso we-cannabis kuya kuhlala kwiseshoni yalo nyaka kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho. Kodwa kufa umntu ophosiweyo. Urhulumente usendleleni eya kwilizwe apho abathengisi baya kuba nakho ukubonisa imveliso yangaphakathi ngamaxabiso axhomisa amehlo, amaxabiso abakhenkethi okanye izityebi ze-neophytes abaya kuthi bonwabele ngaphandle, okwexeshana ubuncinci. Ezi ziindaba ezoyikisayo kwipesenti enye yabalimi abanelayisensi. Xa unempahla yorhwebo, ukunqongophala kwenqanaba lobunzima yeyona meko inokwenzeka.
