Fowunela i-Requiem: I-Classical Music Music ayifanga ngoku

Kucacile ukuba, ngamanani ubuncinci, ishishini lomculo weklasikhi sele likwimfumba yengxaki ixesha elithile; into engacacanga kakuhle kutheni. Iipundits ezivela kwiikona ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi lobugcisa azinakho ukunqongophala kweenkcazo okanye iithiyori malunga nokuba leliphi igalelo ekunciphiseni kohlobo kuhambelana nenkcubeko. (Umbhali waseBritane u-Kingsley Amis kanye ubhale ukuba umculo weklasikhi ongasekhoyo kwinkulungwane yama-20 ubekek 'ityala, eqinisekisa ukuba le symphony yanamhlanje inamathuba amaninzi okwamkelwa luluntu njenge-pedophilia. Ewe.)

Kodwa umculo, ngokona uninzi, ayongxaki.

Ngoku ka UAubrey Bergauer -Waye wabizwa ngokuba 'yiSteve Jobs yomculo weklasikhi' ngoogxa bakhe kwicandelo lakhe ngenxa yesakhono sakhe esinjengoMidas sokujika iokhestra ezilahlekileyo zemali, eguqula imigca yokuhamba kwamashumi eminyaka ikhomba kubanini bamatikiti abambalwa (nangaphezulu) ingxaki ilula ngokwenyani.

Umculo ngokwawo awuyongxaki, enyanisweni yeyona nto siyenzayo-yeyona mveliso yethu iphambili. Nangona kunjalo imibutho emininzi icinga ukuba ukuba siyayitshintsha imveliso, iyakunceda eyona nto iphambili, kodwa ayizukubona, uBergauer, osandula ukubuyisela izintso kwindawo eseSan Francisco Bay ICalifornia Symphony emva kokungcangcazelisa izinto ngamaqhinga aqhelekileyo afunyanwa kwiindawo zokuqalisa kunye neenkampani zobuchwephesha phezulu kwendlela eSilicon Valley. Ingxaki ngomculo weklasiki yiyo yonke into ngaphandle komculo; ngokwentetho yetekhnoloji, sinokuthi 'i-UX yethu,' amava ethu omsebenzisi wabathengi, iyasondela ngokubanzi.

Gcina loo ngcinga; Siza kubuya eBergauer kunye nomculo weklasikhi we-UX ngomzuzwana.

Okokuqala, masiwele iAtlantic siye eWarsaw, ePoland kwaye sithathe umbono wento eyenzekayo kwiPoland National Radio Symphony Orchestra. Apha, unokufumana umqambi weconductor ogama linguRadzimir Dębski, ohamba ngegama lesiteji UJimek (ewe, umqhubi onegama lesiteji), kwangaxeshanye eqhuba iokhestra yeplaza engama-70 kunye nokuwisa iibhombu kwisitayile seFunkmaster Flex, ehamba ngendlela ebizwa ngokuba eyona mpumelelo iphambili kwimbali yomculo weklasikhi -Umzuzu we-10, uhambo oluvuthuzayo nge-30 ezinye zeengoma zokutyikitya zehip hop.

Emva kokuvula ngamachibi okuqubha kaKendrick Lamar (Drank), uJimek ukhokela iokhestra ngokusebenzisa ezinye zeengoma zerap zakudala ezenziwa ngu-2Pac, uJay-Z, iTribe Called Quest, Kanye West, 50 Cent kwaye, kunjalo, iBeastie Boys; Nangona kunjalo, isihlwele esibonakalayo sokuzibandakanya kweyona konsathi inkulu yokusabela iza xa umhlali we-xylophonist kwicandelo le-percussion eqala ukuyila umxholo kwi-Missy Elliott's Get Ur Freak On.

UJimek, kubonakala ngathi, ucinga ukuba umculo weklasikhi ubangelwa kukwenziwa kwemali. UTony Woodstock, owayesakuba ngumongameli we-New England Conservatory of Music kunye nomphathi wethutyana weSikolo soMculo kwiYunivesithi yase North Carolina School of the Arts, uya kuthi avume, ephikisana ilungisiwe ye-HuffPost yokuba umculo weklasikhi ngokubanzi uxhathisa ngokukodwa umbono wezinto ezintsha kuba bekungekho namnye… kule minyaka ili-100 idlulileyo.

Unqulo olulungelelanisiweyo kunye neenkonzo zecawa ziye zatshintsha ngakumbi ngexesha elinye, waqukumbela.

Kwiklabhu nakwisekethe yedisco, Isikhephe Corsten , i-DJ eyaziwayo kwihlabathi lonke i-DJ, iqhubeka ngokuzama ukuqhubekeka komculo weklasikhi kunye nezandi eziphefumlelweyo zomculo kumculo wakhe, obe uhlala uphezulu kwiitshathi zomdaniso e-US nase-Europe kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo. Iprojekthi yakhe entsha ijolise ekuthatheni olo hlobo luhambelanayo luye kwelinye inqanaba, lenze itekhnoloji yokuqala ye symphony.

Ndiyakholelwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ukuba uMozart ebesaphila namhlanje, ebezakube eqokelela umbono, utshilo uCorsten kudliwanondlebe noMbonisi ovela kwindawo yakhe yokurekhoda eRotterdam. Umculo weklasikhi ngokwendlela yawo yesiqhelo unokulahleka inyathelo eluntwini, kodwa iDNA yalo iphila kakhulu kumculo we-elektroniki. Ndiyarhana ukuba ezi ndidi zimbini ziya kuhlala zikhula zisondele kule minyaka izayo njengoko iiokhestra ziqala ukwamkela itekhnoloji entsha, njengoko zifuna iindlela ezintsha zokunxibelelana nesizukulwana esitsha sabaphulaphuli.

Umntu udla ngokuva ukuba amagcisa athile aziwayo aqeqeshiweyo ngokwaseklasini, ukuncoma okubuyiselwe umva kuthetha ukudlulisela ukuba imvumi okanye imvumi inokuwufunda umculo. Kodwa ngokuya kusanda, amagcisa afunde ukudlala isixhobo seokhestra akhangela iindlela ukomeleza imiboniso yabo ngeseti yabo yezakhono zakudala. Mhlawumbi owona mzekelo ubalaseleyo woku kumiliselwa kwi-Top 40 ye-Billboard kukusetyenziswa okucacileyo kukaLizzo kwembande yakhe ngexesha lekhefu kwii-hits ezinje ngeJusi kunye neNyaniso yeNtlungu.

Ke kuyabonakala ukuba, elunxwemeni ubuncinci, umculo weklasikhi kunye nolunye uhlobo lomculo oluzibandakanyayo kuhlobo lwazo utshintshiselwano olukhulu lwaseColombia , Ukuchaphazeleka omnye nomnye nokwaphula iisilos ezigcine ezi ntlobo zibiyelwe omnye komnye amashumi eminyaka.

Kodwa kwiiholo zekhonsathi kunye nee symphony zobungcali kwihlabathi liphela, utshintsho lwenzeka ngesantya senkumba kwaye kuya kufuneka ukuba luze kamsinya kunangoku, njengoko inkxaso kwicandelo likarhulumente yokuncipha okuphakathi kunye neklasi yomxhasi egugayo isweleka.

Njengomzi mveliso, sikwimeko entle yokuqaqamba; Kufuneka sijonge ngaphandle kwecandelo lethu ukukhuthazwa kunye nezinto ezintsha, uGqirha Nancy Uscher, umphathi weDyunivesithi yaseNevada, kwiKholeji yezobuGcisa yaseLas Vegas, uxelele uMbonisi. Asinakuthembela kuphela kwimithambo yexesha elidlulileyo. Kufuneka siyiqonde indlela yokwandisa oko sikuko ngaphandle kokonakalisa esinako. Injongo kufuneka ibe: dlala uMozart kunye noBeethoven ngokungathi i-inki ibisemanzi.

Umsebenzisi ukholelwa ukuba ekuphela kwendlela yokutshintsha indlela umculo weklasikhi osebenza ngayo kukushukumisa ngaphakathi. Abaxhasi abakhulu babamba onke amakhadi, waqaphela i-Uscher. Ukuba bebeza kubopha uvavanyo kunye nokuthatha umngcipheko ekuthatheni inkxaso-mali, ungabona utshintsho olukhulu ngokukhawuleza kwicandelo. Umphakathi womculo weklasiki awuyi kuyila ixesha elide ngaphandle kokuba kungekho sibonelelo semali sokwenza njalo.

Phantse zonke iiokhestra zaseMelika zihlala zisebenza ebomvu. Ingeniso efunyenwe kwintengiso yetikiti ihlala ine-akhawunti engaphantsi kwe-50% yohlahlo-lwabiwo mali lokusebenza kombutho wobugcisa womculo. Nokuba indlu igcwele, ubusuku emva kobusuku, ngokubanzi ngekhe kuyenze, njengoko ingeniso yetikiti iya kugqitywa lixabiso lentengiso, uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lokusebenza kunye nomvuzo womculo. Kubi njengokuba inyani isenokuba yiyo, ngokungafaniyo nabalingani babo baseYurophu exhaswa ikakhulu ngamashishini esizwe nawasekuhlaleni, iiokhestra zaseMelika zininzi kakhulu; Isibonelelo seNational Endowment for the Arts (NEA) ziye zahlulwa kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje kangangokuba azinampembelelo ibalulekileyo kwi-P & L ye-orchestra ezininzi.

Ezinye zeengoma eziphambili kweli lizwe, ezinje ngewonga leGrammy IMinnesota Orchestra , ekhokelwa ngumlawuli womculo waseFinland Osmo Vänskä kunye nomongameli UMichelle Miller Burns , Benze iinzame ezingaqhelekanga zokunyanzela izinto ezintsha kunye nomngcipheko wokuzifumana. Kwangoko kulo nyaka, iqela leemvumi kunye nabasebenzi abancedisayo (kubandakanya nomqokeleli Ezi , ibethelelwe njengengxelo yembalelwano kuhambo lukanomathotholo kawonkewonke phantsi kwe hashtag #YesItShirt ) wemka kukhenketho lwedolophu ezintlanu eMzantsi Afrika, ephawula utyelelo lokuqala kweli lizwe yiokhestra yase-U.S., njengenxalenye yokubhiyozela ikhulu leminyaka likaNelson Mandela. Utyelelo lwe-Minnesota Orchestra lwakutsha nje eMzantsi Afrika lwafika emva kokutshintshiselana ngenkcubeko efanayo eCuba ngonyaka ka-2015.IMinnesota Orchestra

KuMiller Burns, ukhenketho lwalungekho malunga nokudlulisela inkcubeko ethile kwenye. Olu khenketho ludibanise amagcisa omZantsi Afrika kunye nawaseMelika kunye nomculo wabo, benikezela ngotshintsho lomculo olungaqhelekanga kunye namaqela abafundi kwiindawo zomdlalo omkhulu kwiikholeji, kwiiholo zedolophu nasecaweni, ucacisile. Kumalungu ethu eokhestra, yayininzi ngokufunda kunye nokufunxa njengoko yayinjalo ngokwabelana. UMichelle Miller Burns ungumongameli we-Grammy Award-win Minnesota Orchestra, oye wafuna ngokubambisana ubudlelwane kunye neendawo zokwandisa ukufikelela kombutho kunye nokufaneleka.UJosh Kohanek

Olu hambo lokuqhekeza umhlaba yayingelohlobo lwalo lokuqala kwiMinnesota Orchestra; Ngo-2015, umbutho waba liqela lokuqala leokhestra laseU.S yenza eCuba okoko i-United States kunye nesiqithi sesiqithi saqala ukwenza ubudlelwane phakathi kweminyaka yokugqibela yolawulo luka-Obama.

Ingcali kwezomculo kunye nembonisi ebukhali yemidlalo yomculo uRobert Freeman uncoma iinzame ezinje ngeokhestra ezikhenketha kwihlabathi lonke ukuya kwiindawo ezingalindelekanga, zihlola imingxunya yemveli eVienna naseBerlin, kunye nezo zizama amanqaku eefilimu aphilayo kunye nezinye ezizodwa ejolise ekukhuliseni umdla phakathi kweqela elitsha labathengi betikiti lokuthenga amatikiti. Nangona kunjalo, kwimbono kaFreeman, umba ophambili ojamelene nomculo weklasiki uqhubeka ngakumbi; UFreeman ulumkisa ngelithi ukufunxwa kweemvumi eziqeqeshelwe umsebenzi yeyona nto icinezela ushishino ngaphakathi-kuninzi kakhulu kwiimfuno ezinqongopheleyo.

Izikolo zomculo ziqeqesha iimvumi zazo zincinci kakhulu, uFreeman, owayesakuba yintloko yexesha elide eyaziwayo kwihlabathi Isikolo soMculo sase-Eastman , uxelele uMqwalaseli. Ii-Conservatories kufuneka zifundise iimvumi ekubeni ngoosomashishini, kwaye oku, kuya kuthi ekugqibeleni kuguqulele kwindlela enamandla ngakumbi neyindlela yokucinga yokucinga malunga nokuba kuthetha ukuthini ukuba yi-okhestra yakudala phakathi kwinkulungwane yama-21.

Ngokutsho kwegosa Ingxelo ye-NEA Kukho iiokhestra ezili-1,214 e-U.S., nangona uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lunokuvela kwi- $ 1,000 kuphela ngonyaka ukuya kuhlahlo-lwabiwo mali olusebenzayo lweLos Angeles Philharmonic, elingena kwiwotshi $ 120 yezigidi . Kodwa, kuyo yonke loo mibutho yomculo, kuphela ishumi elinambini okanye elinakho ukuhlawula iimvumi zabo i $ 50,000 ngonyaka okanye nangaphezulu. Ngaphantsi kwe-1,000 zizithuba zomculo zexesha elizeleyo e-United States, uqaphele uFreeman, okwangumbhali wekhwelo lokucaciswa kweseminal kwilizwe lomculo oqeqeshiweyo, Ingxaki yeClassical Music eMelika .

Beka enye indlela, kukho izikhundla ezizeleyo ngokusisigxina kumaqela ebhola ekhatywayo angama-32 kwi-NFL kunokuba kukho umculo osisigxina wee-okhestra zase-US.

Oko kusibuyisela kwicandelo lomculo weklasikhi elingu-wunderkind, u-Aubrey Bergauer, obesebenzisa incwadi yokudlala yaseSilicon Valley ukujika iokhestra entsha kummandla we Bay. Ukuphuhliswa kwakhe kwesixhobo esomeleleyo sesixhobo esibonisa ukusebenza kweemetrikhi eziphambili, ukugxila okunje nge-laser kumava omsebenzisi kunye nokulinga okwenziwe rhoqo Ukujika kwiCalifornia Symphony . Kwiminyaka yakhe emine elawula, ukuthengisa amatikiti kunyuke nge-70%, abanikeli baphantse baphindaphindeka kane kwaye i-symphony yongeza, ingasikhuphi, imidlalo ukuze ihambisane neemfuno.

Nangona uBergauer ekholelwa ukuba umculo weklasikhi awunyanzelekanga ukuba ube kwinqanaba lokufa, uyavuma ukuba ishishini ngokuqinisekileyo lisendleleni; UBergauer ukholelwa ekubeni abanye baya kufumana unyawo ngokwenza izinto ezintsha okanye bazikope ezisebenza kwenye indawo kwaye bazenzele kwaye baziphumeze kwiimarike zabo zekhaya. Abanye, ngelishwa, baya kuphendula kancinci kakhulu ekuguqukeni kweedemografi, okanye banike ingqwalaselo encinci kwiimfuno zomsebenzisi, kwaye banokuthi ekugqibeleni basonge. U-Aubrey Bergauer ebesizisa ingqondo yeSilicon Valley kumculo weklasikhi kunye nokufumana impumelelo.IMorrison

UBergauer wabelane noMbonisi 'Uluhlu oluPhezulu lwe-10 lokujonga' lweengcinga zokuba zonke iiokhestra eziphambili kufuneka ((ubuncinci) zifunde okanye zicingisise njengoko ziqhuba intengiso yazo kunye nokufikelela kwiMillennials nakwiGeneration Z kwaye ziqala ukuphinda ziqwalasele iinkqubo kunye nokusebenza kwazo.

1. Yidibanise!

Ngokungafaniyo ne-opera, enenani elisetiweyo lezenzo ekufuneka zenziwe, iBergauer ayiqondi ukuba kutheni iiokhestra ezininzi zingadibanisi kwaye zidibanise iziqwenga zangoku kunye ne-classical standbys, kwaye mhlawumbi ziphose kwisiqwenga esimnandi okanye ezimbini. ‘ Kakhulu iMozart 'Uhlobo lothotho alunangqondo kum-ziyahluka ngokwenkqubo. Fumana into kuwo wonke umntu kuyo yonke intsebenzo, ucebise uBergauer.

2. Lahla iDraconian Anti-Phone Policy

Ii-Orchestras ziyaziwa ngokungaxoleli kubaxhasi ababetha iifowuni zabo kwaye baqala ukufota okanye ukuthatha imifanekiso, kodwa jonga nje ukuba zingaphi iifowuni eziphumeyo kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwekhonsathi. Abalandeli bomculo weklasikhi, ngokukaBergauer, bafuna ukuBodwa ngoku bePhila kunye 'nee-Insta' zamava abo kanye njengomntu othile kwikhonsathi kaJay-Z. Kukuthengisa simahla-izigidi zokulahleka ngaphandle kwesizathu, watsho.

3. Khonza iBozeze

Umculo kukuzonwabisa; Vumela abahamba ikonsathi bonwabele ukonwaba okanye ezimbini (okanye ezintathu) kwiholo yekonsathi ngelixa bonwabele intsebenzo. (Kodwa mhlawumbi thintela iziselo ematyeni.)

4. IiJumbotrons

Uninzi lwabantu aluxhotyiswanga ngeglasi ze-opera, ke kutheni le nto iiholo zekhonsathi zingaphumeleli ukubeka esweni ii-screen ezinkulu ezibonisa zonke iintshukumo? Abathandi bangathanda ukubona umbono ophakamileyo wentsingiselo yokubila ehla esihlalweni sesitulo se-violinist kanye phambi kwengoma enkulu. (Sonke sijongeka ngcono kakhulu kwi-4K epheleleyo, kunjalo?)

5. Nika abaphulaphuli umxholo othile

UBergauer ufumanise ukuba uninzi lweekonsathi zokuqala-ukuhamba azinakho nokuzibiza ngegama zonke izixhobo ezisisiseko kwiokhestra. Abasiqhelanga isigama somculo sase-Italiya esixhaphake kakhulu kwiinkqubo zekonsathi. Musa ukuba sisidenge; endaweni yoko fundisa. Vumela umqhubi ukuba afundise kwaye abelane nabaphulaphuli malunga noko beza kukuva, ukuba bajonge kwaye bamamele ntoni, kwaye mhlawumbi nentwana ye-backstory.

6. Khuthaza ukuHlaba izandla kunye nokuBandakanyeka kwabaphulaphuli

Ngokwezifundo zikaBergauer, uninzi lwe-90% yababekho kwikonsathi yomculo weklasiki abaze babuye, kwaye unika izizathu zokuba uninzi lufumene amava engenakufikeleleka. Indlu engathethiyo ilawula ngokukhohlela okanye xa uqhwaba izandla yinto enkulu yokucima abaphulaphuli abancinci. Iiokhestra kufuneka zifumane iindlela zokubandakanya abaphulaphuli ngexesha lokudlala kwaye zibenze bazive bekhululekile kwaye bekhululekile ukuveza izimvo zabo.

7. Hlakulela iNdlela ethembekileyo yokuSilela

UBergauer uziva ukuba uninzi lweokhestra zinentloko entlabathini xa kusiziwa ekugxekweni. Akukho lwazi lunyanisekileyo lokwabelana ngolwazi phakathi kweenkokheli zeli candelo, ndiyacinga, kuba yonke inkcubeko yenye yokufumana inkxaso-mali, utshilo uBergauer. Siqeqeshiwe, nokuba yeyiphi na iprojekthi, ukuyibeka njengempumelelo. Kwaye oko akuncedi kuba asazi ukuba yonke into ihlala iyimpumelelo. Ngenxa yoko, njengeshishini, sinengxoxo egxile ngaphakathi.

8. Phuhlisa iiWebhusayithi eziHambayo eziSelfowuni

UBergauer uthi kuyamangalisa ukuba kwi-2019, kusekho ii-orchestra ezininzi ezingenazo iinguqulelo eziphathwayo zewebhusayithi yazo. Thetha malunga nokucinywa kwiGen Zer okanye iMillennial, uphawule uBergauer.

9. Ukwahluka akubikho nje kwiQonga

UBergauer ubona ukuba uninzi lweokhestra lubona iyantlukwano kwiprism yokuba ngubani oqhuba eqongeni okanye ngabaqambi abakhetha ukudlala bona, kodwa uninzi lunomsebenzi omninzi ekufuneka wenziwe ekuqinisekiseni ukuba izipili zibonisa inqanaba elifanayo lokwahlukahlukana.

10. Musa ukuLawula nge-Anecdote

Zininzi kakhulu iiokhestra ezigoba kunye nesaphetha esisekwe kwizimvo zamalungu ebhodi anezimvo ngakumbi okanye abaxhasi abathandayo ubomi obude aboyikisayo ngokurhoxisa amatikiti abo exesha ukuba abathandi olunye ulingo oluqhubekayo. Lawula ngedatha, hayi ukuba ngubani onelona lizwi liphakamileyo, walumkisa uBergauer. Amaxesha amaninzi iinkokeli kwii-okhestra zobungcali zinqunyulwa ngamalungu ebhodi anempembelelo. Iinkokeli kufuneka zenze iibhodi ezabelana ngesimo sabo esifanayo ekuthatheni umngcipheko kunye nolawulo oluqhutywa yidatha.

Abo bakwangaphambili kweli dabi banomsebenzi ongenakulinganiswa wokusebenza ukugcina nokugcina isithethe somculo weklasiki ngelixa, phantse ngokungathandabuzekiyo, befuna ukuyihlaziya kubaphulaphuli benkulungwane yama-21. Ayingomsebenzi olula, kodwa iinkokheli ezinombono ezinje ngo-Aubrey Bergauer kunye noMichelle Miller Burns, singasathethi ke ngabaphazamisi abanjengoJamik, uFerry Corsten kunye noLizzo bacela umngeni kwinto engekhoyo ngaphakathi kommandla womculo weklasikhi, yonke inkqubo yendalo ibonakala ilungele utshintsho olukhulu kwiminyaka ezayo.

Ngokubhekisele kumava ekhonsathi exesha elizayo, iMinnesota Orchestra kaMichelle Miller Burns uyishwankathele ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Ukuzenzekelayo okungakumbi kunye nokumangaliswa, unxibelelwano olukhulu kuluntu kwaye mhlawumbi ulwakhiwo kunye nolwakhiwo.

Ngamanye amagama, bamba ifowuni yakho, uqhwabe xa umoya ukuhambisa kwaye ungalibali ukuthatha i-mojito ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isihlalo sakho.

Kwaye wonwabele umculo.