Ukuphinda kufunyanwe kwakhona iZiko laseLincoln kwiClifford Odets ’Vuka ucule! lithuba elihle lokubona umdlalo we-1935 owaguqula indawo yemidlalo yaseMelika. Kodwa ukuba umdlalo weqonga osapho lwamaJuda osokolayo kwiBronx ukusinda kuXinzelelo luye lwaya kwiintsomi zalo njengobugcisa obulahlekileyo luvulekile.
Andithandabuzi ukuba iphambili yeQela iTheatre yango-1935 kaVukani noNgoma! ku-Broadway eBelasco-apho imvuselelo yangoku ivulwe ngokufanelekileyo-yayiyimvakalelo yesizathu esivakalayo. Umdlalo odumileyo we-Odets, isenzo esinye somdlalo we-agitprop Ukulinda i-Lefty, ekhuthaze abasebenzi ukuba baphakame kwaye baqhankqalaze ubomi obungcono, obunesidima, isenokuba lixesha lokugqibela umdlalo wezopolitiko enesiphumo kweli lizwe. Odets, ekwiminyaka yama-20 xa wabhala uVukani noCula!, Emva koko wanika ilizwi okokuqala kwi-Juda eyahluthwayo kwaye ingenamandla ama-America.
Isimo seBronx sabasebenzi abakumgangatho wokusebenza kuVukani nakwiNgoma! kulapho iHlabathi lidala lingqubana khona neNtsha. Yindawo ebethekileyo yentliziyo apho iAmerican Dream kunye nokudana kuhlangana kwilizwe lamathuba kunye nentabalala.
Apha ngaphandle kwedola, awukhangeli umhlaba kwiliso. Thetha ukusukela ngoku ukuya kulo nyaka uzayo-obu bubomi eMelika, utshilo uBessie Berger, umatriarch womdlalo, obomi bakhe bunzima, obungafezekanga buye batyunyuzwa sisando samabhongo nobukrakra. Amathemba aphoxekileyo yioksijini kuye.
Unyana wakhe ongazinzanga uRalph, ekhuthazwa ngutatomkhulu wakhe wobusoshiyali, ulangazelela ukubaleka umoya wasekhaya ongenamoya. (Vukani kwaye nicule, nina bahlala eluthulini-u-Isaya 26: 19.) Amagama okuqala omdlalo ngokaRalph: Yonke into endiyifunayo ithuba lokuba ndifike kwisiseko sokuqala!
Kuko konke? Utsho udadewabo.
Isazela sentlalontle se-Odets sibonakalise ukungangqinelani komphefumlo we-30's America kunye nefuthe lika-Arthur Miller, nangona uMiller wayephika kakhulu. Okubaluleke ngakumbi kuthi, u-Odets wazichaza njengendoda yemidlalo yeqonga-ngokuchaseneyo nendoda yokubhala-kunye nemibongo yakhe yeqonga engachaphazelekiyo, ukutsala kwakhe ngqo kwiimvakalelo kunye nentliziyo evulekileyo engenazintloni, kwaba nefuthe elinamandla kuTennessee Williams omncinci.
Vukani nicule! igcwele i-Yiddish inflections kunye ne-humor (i-Boychick, vuka! Yiba yinto!), Kodwa uWilliams akazange abone amathuba kulwimi oluthile okanye umbono wezopolitiko. Kunoko, waphefumlelwa ngabantu base-Odets kunye nokunyaniseka okuluhlaza kwabalinganiswa bakhe.
Ngokwam, nangona kunjalo, uWilliams ugqithile kwimpumelelo kaVukani noCula!, Kunye namabango aliqela okuba umdlalo ubeka iiOdets njengabanye bababhali ababalaseleyo baseMelika benkulungwane yama-20 banobugocigoci. Ukubaluleka kwembali yemidlalo yeQela yeTheatre yeOdets akunakuphikwa. Kodwa iVukani! kwi-Belasco iyangqina ukuba ixesha kudala lalifumana umdlalo. Ukuba nje bekungenjalo, bendiya kuba ngowokuqala ukuvuka ndicule. Kodwa into eyayibonwa njengolu xwebhu lwentlalo oluvuthayo namhlanje aluhambi kakuhle kumda oyingozi we-melodrama.
Ngokuqinisekileyo umdlalo ojikeleze ukutyhilwa kokukhulelwa okungafunekiyo, umtshato wento elula, ukuzibulala, umgaqo-nkqubo weinshurensi ophikisanayo kunye nabathandi abatsha ababalekayo bayayityhala inhlanhla. Ndandingakulungelanga iziko le-Odets elithambileyo.
Incoko yasesitratweni ye-gangster encinci, i-Moe yeGimp, isacula: Sika umqala wakho, sithandwa. Yonga ixesha. Kodwa uBessie, umama ongumJuda ongakhathaliyo-nangona engenabushushu — uzithoba zonke izinto ngendlela eqhelekileyo. I-fiddle yesibini, utsho ngempuku yakhe yomkhwenyana. Ngam akade adlale nakwiokhestra…. Okanye oku kutshintshiselana notata wakhe omdala waseMarx, uJacob umchebi weenwele: Wena ngezimvo zakho-ndingumama. Ndikhulisa usapho kufuneka babenembeko.
Intlonipho? Uphendula uYakobi, etshica. Intlonipho! Ngokoluvo lommelwane! Uyandithuka, Bessie!
Ngena egumbini lakho, Tata. Wonke umsebenzi ebekhe wanakho waphulukana nawo kuba unomlomo omkhulu. Uvula umlomo kwaye iBronx iphela ingawela ngaphakathi.
Vukani nicule! Kuninzi kakhulu iBicker kunye nokuCacisa. Umyalezo wayo ogqithisileyo uthi, Unemali kunye nemali. Kodwa ngaphandle kwedola olala ebusuku? Abalinganiswa bayo beBronx ngoku ziindidi eziqhelekileyo-ukusuka kumama onayo, onetyala lokuzibekek 'ityala (ndingafa lihlazo…) ukuya kuMalume uMorty ophumeleleyo kodwa ongekho nzulu, umenzi wengubo ongazi nto, ekushumayeleni nasekuboneni umbono oqinisekileyo katata:
Ngothando lomntu omdala obonayo kwiintsuku zakho zobutsha ubomi bakhe obutsha, ucebisa umzukulwana wakhe ongazinzanga. Olu thando luthathe umhlaba ezandleni zakho zombini kwaye ulwenze lube lutsha. Phuma ulwe ukuze ubomi bungashicilelwa kwiimali zedola….
Okanye: Kwanele kum ngoku kufuneka ndibone ulonwabo lwakho. Yiyo le nto ndikuxelela-YENZA! Yenza into esentliziyweni yakho kwaye uziphathele inguquko. Kodwa kuya kufuneka uthathe inyathelo. Ayifani nam, indoda eyayinamathuba egolide kodwa yasela iglasi yeti endaweni….
Ngeendlela ezinjalo, ii-Odets ’ezaziwayo zokukhuthaza ingcamango yeengoma zandibetha njengeprosaic, kwaye nangona kwakulungile ukubona uBen Gazzara eqongeni, udlala i-paterfamilias ezinengcinga enomxhuzulane ocothayo. Akukho mlilo kuye. UBessie owaziwayo uZoë Wanamaker kufanele ukuba adinwe kakhulu kunokuba ebonakala. UPablo Schreiber njengegorha eliselula uRalph uyonwaba kakhulu (kwaye uRalph ngumsebenzi obhalwe ngokumangalisayo). Ndiyonwabele i-flash kaMark Ruffalo, uMe Axelrod onemilenze. Kodwa akukho mbumbulu ku-Bartlett Sher ococekileyo, ococekileyo wemveliso, akukho bungozi okanye uthuli.
Umzobo weqonga wekhaya elihlwempuzekileyo likaBronx kuVukani noCula! intle kwaye icocekile (kwaye intle), kwaye ifumana ihlombe lokujikeleza xa ikhuselo linyuka. Kuyinyani, umatriki womdlalo uyazingca ngendlu, kodwa akukho mntu uhlala kule ndlu. Iiseti zikaMichael Yeargan zijongeka njengembonakalo ethuthuzelayo ye-retro-30's windows in Bloomingdale's. Iseti sisenzo se-bland nostalgia xa kunzima, inyani engalungelelananga ifuneka kakubi.
Kodwa emva koko, iimpahla zikaCatherine Zuber zibukeka zintsha. Iimpahla ezi zinxitywa ngaba bantu bangamahlwempu azidanga. Abanayo imbali.
Ngaba iQela lemidlalo yeqonga lakha laba ngoluhlobo? Andikwazi ukucinga njalo. Xa, kwimizuzu yokugqibela yale mvuselelo ibalaseleyo, uRalph ethatha isigqibo sokuhamba ekhaya, usibhekisa kula magama achukumisayo: Ndinamashumi amabini anesibini kwaye ndikickin ’! Ndizovana. Ngaba uJake wasifela ukuba silwe malunga nee-nickels? Hayi! ‘Vuka ucule,’ watsho. Kanye apha wema wayithetha. Ngobusuku awafa ngabo. Ndabona ngathi kududuma! Ndabona ukuba uswelekile kwaye ndizelwe! Ndifunga uThixo, ndineveki enye ubudala! Ndifuna isixeko sonke siyive-inyama, igazi, iingalo. Sifumene ’em. Siyavuya ukuba siphila.
Leyo, ubuncinci, yintetho ephawuleka- ngokuthe ngqo, ethembekileyo, ethembekileyo yomtsalane kwiimvakalelo zethu ezihambisa inyani engavalwanga, yendalo. Imele ezona Odets zibalaseleyo, kwaye ifezekisa inyani yemibongo. Kodwa wenza ntoni umlawuli Mnu Sher? Wongeza umculo ukuhamba namazwi eOdets, njengexwebhu likaKen Burns PBS. Amazwi akhe eyedwa akasenelanga. Amagama awayi kuyenza. Sifuna umculo ukubethelela intsingiselo yawo.
Kodwa ayisiyiyo yonke loo nto. Iziphumo ezongezelelekileyo, umlawuli unokuwa ngekhephu. Ikhephu lenzelwe ukwenza imizuzu yokugqibela kaVukani kwaye Cule! ngakumbi nangakumbi ekhuthazayo kwaye eshukumayo. Intle, ikhephu elihle.
I-Poor endala yokuguqula izinto ngokwasentlalweni. Ihlwempu elidala likaClifford Odets.
