Abaphumeleleyo bamamela inkosi yomsitho njengoko bethatha inxaxheba kwi-Black Commencement kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard ngoMeyi 23, 2017.UKeith Bedford / iBoston Globe ngokusebenzisa imifanekiso kaGetty Ngosuku olungaphambi kokuzivocavoca okokuqala ngo-2019, iYunivesithi yaseHarvard iya kubamba iminyhadala emibini eyahluliweyo, enye yeyabafundi bombala kunye nenye yeLatinos. UHarvard akayedwa, uBrown ubhiyozela iBlackalaureate kunye ne-Columbia iminyhadala yokuthweswa izidanga eMnyama naseRaza. Ngubani owayenokukholelwa ukuba kwiminyaka engama-65 emva kokuba iNkundla ePhakamileyo igwebe ukuba ukwahlulwa ngokobuhlanga kwabantwana kwizikolo zikarhulumente kwakungahambelani nomgaqo-siseko, iikholeji ezininzi kwilizwe liphela ngoku zikhuthaza ukwahlukana kodwa ngokulinganayo kwikampus?
Umbutho weSizwe wabafundi (i-NAS) ngo-Epreli uphando ye-173 iikholeji zikarhulumente nezabucala kunye neeyunivesithi zafumanisa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-71 zinohlobo oluthile lokwahlula-hlula ngokuzithandela kohlanga, ubuhlanga kunye namanye amaqela amelwe gwenxa. Ukongeza ukuqala okuzahluliweyo, kukho iiholo zokuhlala ezimbalwa, iinkqubo zokuqhelanisa, iiklabhu, iminyhadala, iindawo ezikhuselekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokucebisa, ubuhlanga obujolise kubuhlanga kunye nokuqesha iikomiti. I-NAS ibiza oku kukwahlulahlula.
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Kwenzeka njani oku?
Iikholeji zamkele isenzo sokuvuma ukusabela kwisigqibo seNkundla ePhakamileyo ye-1954 kwi ntsundu v. IBhodi yeMfundo yaseTopeka . Baye bavuma inani elininzi labafundi abamnyama ukuba bafezekise ubuhlanga. Uninzi lwasilele kunyaka wokuqala, ngelixa abo basindileyo babedikwa ngumsindo ngamava, okukhokelela ekubeni babe ngamaqela abafundi abamnyama, ahlala engamakroti.
Kwikhampasi emva kwekhampasi, abahluli abamnyama baphumelela kwimvume evela kubalawuli boyika ukuphinda bahlukane. Ngo-1969, iYunivesithi yaseWesley yaba yeyokuqala ukuseka indawo yokulala emnyama; UCornell walandela kufutshane ngasemva. Namhlanje, abafundi abamnyama unayo umgangatho weAfrikan Diaspora e-UCLA, iZiko labaFundi laseAfrika e-UC Berkeley, kunye neendawo ezimnyama ezikhuselekileyo namagumbi akhethekileyo elayibrari Oberlin . Umdibaniso womdibaniso uthathelwe indawo zizifundo ezizimeleyo nezentlalo.
Namhlanje, izifundiswa zaseMelika zigxile ekuchazeni iqela, ukukhuthaza abantu abambalwa ukuba bazihlukanise noluntu olukhulu ukuze banxibelelane nolohlanga lwabo, ubuhlanga okanye ukuthanda kwabo ngokwesondo. Iikholeji neeyunivesithi zibonelela ngenkqubo eyodwa kunye neenkonzo zokucebisa ezahlukeneyo. Abafundi bafuna ukuba oonjingalwazi abambalwa abafanelekileyo bafundise izifundo ezinemiba emincinci kwaye amaziko ahlala ebahlalisa.
Kuba abafundi abambalwa bajongene nemiceli mngeni eyahlukileyo nenzima, iiyunivesithi kufuneka zamkele kuphela abo babonakalise amandla okukhula kunye nokukhula ezifundweni nakwezentlalo ngaphakathi kumzimba wabafundi ohlukeneyo nongabekwanga. Ucalucalulo olwenziweyo lenze ububi obungaphezulu kokulungileyo, ukukhuthaza ukungoneliseki, ukoyika amaqela abalulekileyo kunye ne-ajenda yezikhalazo ethe yasasazeka ukusuka kwikhampasi ukuya kwezopolitiko. Umdibaniso wekhampasi ulahlekile xa umntu ebeka isazisi ngaphezulu kwengqondo yoluntu. Ubomi bengqondo buye bahlupheka kwiikholeji zekholeji ezibonelela ngemenyu yezifundo zesazisi kunye nezifundo eziphambili; emva kokuqalisa, ukuqala kwesigaba esilandelayo sobomi, abafundi banokuba yingcali kwezesazisi, kodwa baya kuba nobunzima obukhulu ekushiyeni i-cocoon kunye nokusebenza kwihlabathi lehlabathi elilindeleyo.
INew York Times ichaza Ukuqala kokukhetha kukaHarvard njengokubhiyozela iyantlukwano. Abafundi abamnyama baseHarvard umbono njengeziganeko zemfundo ezijolise kwisazisi, zibonisa imiceli mngeni abajamelana nayo abafundi bebala kwikhampasi eyayilawulwa ngabamhlophe ngaphambili. Ukuba iiyunivesithi zinqwenela ukubhiyozela iyantlukwano, kufuneka zenze oko ngokuntywilisela bonke abafundi kwindawo ekhuthaza ukuhlangana kwezemfundo nakwezentlalo. Ngelishwa, ukwahlulahlula kodwa ukwahlula ngokulinganayo kwiikhampasi namhlanje kukuchasana neyantlukwano yokwenene, ukubandakanywa nokudityaniswa. Iklasi ye-2023 ithathwa ngamaziko amaninzi njengawona ahlukeneyo. Kuyahlekisa ukuba, xa bengena kumasango ekhampasi, abafundi bakuphepha ngokukhawuleza ukwahluka kwaye bafune okwabo.
UZiva Dahl ligosa eliphezulu elineendaba kunye neqela lomgaqo-nkqubo woluntu iHaym Salomon Centre.
