| Ukubulawa kwabantu e-Orlando kubuyisele ulawulo lompu kwindawo ebonakalayo. Nokuba abantu bacinga ukuba umpu kufuneka uvinjelwe ngokupheleleyo, kuvunyelwe ngezithintelo okanye kukhuselwe njengenye yenkululeko yethu ekhuselweyo ngokomgaqo-siseko kuxoxwa ngayo kuyo yonke imiboniso yeendaba. Nalu ushwankathelo lomthetho kunye nembali yemithetho ephambili yemipu eMelika. Uhlengahlengiso lwesiBini Uhlengahlengiso lwesiBini kuMgaqo-siseko wase-U.S. Luthi: Umkhosi olawulwa kakuhle, oyimfuneko kukhuseleko lwe-Free State, ilungelo labantu lokugcina nokuphatha izixhobo, aliyi kwaphulwa. Ngelixa uhlengahlengiso lwesibini ngokucacileyo lujolise ekukhuseleni ubunini bemipu, eyona njongo yeeframers ayicacanga kwaye, ke, yongeza ipetroli kwingxoxo yemigaqo yemipu. Umcimbi ophambili kukuba ingaba ulungiso lwenzelwe ukukhusela umntu ngamnye ubunini bemipu ngabemi baseU.S. okanye ukuba nemipu ngamajoni aseburhulumenteni, awayedla ngokubizwa kwiintsuku zokuqala zaseUnited States. UMthetho weSizwe weMipu Uninzi lwemigaqo yompu yeli lizwe yenziwa ukuphendula kwisoyikiso esibonwayo. Ngomnyaka we-1934, iCongress yawisa umthetho weSizwe weMipu (NFA) ukujongana nobundlobongela obukhulayo obuhambelana nolwaphulo-mthetho lwe-gangland ye-Prohibition Era, ingakumbi iSt Valentine's Day Massacre . Ummiselo wawunyanzelisa irhafu engama-200 ekwenzeni nasekwenziweni kwemipu ethile, kubandakanya nemipu kunye nemipu enemigqomo engaphantsi kweesentimitha ezili-18 ubude, imipu nemilenze. Ikwafuna ukuba lonke ugqithiso lobunini bemipu ye-NFA luqhutywe kwirejista yobumbano. I-United States v. UMiller Kwi I-United States v. UMiller , Inkundla yaxhasa ukugwetywa kwamadoda amabini atyholwa ngokuhambisa umphanda kabini-gauge umpu onombhobho ongaphantsi kweesentimitha ezili-18 ubude ngorhwebo oluphakathi kwe-NFA. Ngokusekwe kwisizathu sokuba ooBawo abaQalayo bebejolise kulungiso ukunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente omtsha womanyano akanakuphelisa izixhobo zomkhosi, iNkundla ePhakamileyo yagqiba kwelokuba Uhlengahlengiso lwesiBini aluqinisekisanga ilungelo lomntu ngamnye lokugcina isixhobo esinjalo . Ukungabikho kobuphi ubungqina obufuna ukubonisa ukuba ukuphatha okanye ukusebenzisa 'umpu onompu ongaphantsi kweesentimitha ezilishumi elinesibhozo ubude' ngeli xesha unolwalamano olululo nolondolozo okanye ukusebenza kakuhle komkhosi olawulwa kakuhle, asinakutsho ukuba isiHlomelo sesiBini siqinisekisa ilungelo lokugcina kwaye sithwale eso sixhobo, iNkundla ibanjiwe. Umthetho woLawulo lweGun ka-1968 Ukubulawa kukaMongameli uJohn Kennedy, iGqwetha Jikelele uRobert Kennedy, kunye noGqirha Martin Luther King, Omnci. Kwaba nefuthe ekupasisweni komthetho weGun Control Act (GCA) wango-1968. , ICongress ifuna ukuqhubeka nokulawula urhwebo lwangaphakathi nolwamanye amazwe ngemipu. Ummiselo wawungavunyelwanga ukutshintshwa kwemipu phakathi kwamazwe ngaphandle kwabavelisi, abathengisi kunye nabangenisa elizweni. Ikwalela ukuthengiswa kwemipu kwiiklasi ezithile zabantu, kubandakanya oonqevu, abancinci, ababaleki, iziyobisi, kunye nabagula ngengqondo. UMthetho woBundlobongela oSetyenziswa nguBrady Ngo-1993, iCongress yapasisa umthetho weBrady Handgun Violence Act. Umthetho kaBrady ubizwa ngegama likaNobhala weNdlu ye-White House uJames Brady, owadutyulwa entloko ngexesha lokuzama ukubulala uMongameli uRonald Reagan ngo-1981. Okubaluleke kakhulu, umthetho waseka iNkqubo yeSizwe yokuKhangela ukuPhathwa koLwaphulo-mthetho ukuba abathengisi bemipu kufuneka basebenzise ngaphambi kokuthengisa umpu. I-Federal Assault Weapons Ban Umthetho woKhuseleko loLuntu kunye noLonwabo kwiMipu yokuSebenzisa uKhuselo, owamiselwa ngo-1994, wafuna ukunqanda ukudutyulwa kwabantu abaninzi kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezenzekelayo. Ummiselo womdibaniselwano wawuthintela ukwenziwa, ukusetyenziswa, ubunini kunye nokungeniswa kweentlobo zemipu ezili-19, nangona zazisebenza kuphela kwizixhobo ezenziweyo emva komhla wokusebenza komthetho. Ngokulandela umthetho wokutshona kwelanga, isithintelo sokuhlaselwa kwezixhobo siphelelwe ngoSeptemba 13, 2004. ISithili saseColumbia v. Heller Ngelixa iNkundla ePhakamileyo yase-US ithathele ingqalelo iimeko ezininzi zoLungiso lweSibini okoko yagqiba Endaweni yoko Ngo-2008, akukho namnye oye entliziyweni yelungelo lokuphatha izixhobo. Eli tyala lalibandakanya umthetho wesithili wase-Columbia owawuphethe umpu. Inkundla eyahluliweyo utshitshise umthetho wemipu ngokungavisisani noMgaqo-siseko ngevoti ye-5-4. Ukufikelela kwisigqibo sayo, uninzi lugqibe kwelokuba isiHlomelo sesiBini sikhusela ilungelo lomntu lokuba nompu ongadibananga nenkonzo kumkhosi wamajoni, nokuyisebenzisela ezo njongo ngokwasemthethweni, njengokuzikhusela ekhaya. Inkundla, nangona kunjalo, iqinisekisile ukuba isiHlomelo sesiBini sinemida. Uluvo lweNkundla akufuneki luthathwe luthandabuze ukuthintelwa kokuphatha imipu ngoogonyamelo kunye nabagula ngengqondo, okanye imithetho ethintela ukuphatha imipu kwiindawo ezibuthathaka ezifana nezikolo kunye nezakhiwo zikarhulumente, okanye imithetho ebeka imiqathango kunye neziqinisekiso ukuthengiswa kweengalo, u-Justice Scalia ubhale. Ukuqhubela phambili, iNkundla iya kucelwa ukuba icacise apho kufuneka ukrwele umgca khona. UDonald Scarinci uliqabane elilawulayo eLyndhurst, N.J. Izihlangu zikaHollenbeck . Ukwangumhleli wefayile ye- Ingxelo yoMgaqo-siseko kwaye URhulumente noMthetho iibhlog. |
