URobert Frost wayichaphazela i-rustic persona kodwa wayene-urbane ngakumbi kunokuba wayevumele. ( Ifoto: Getty Images )
Owona mbongo udumileyo kaRobert Frost, Indlela Engathathwanga, Ujika ikhulu kule nyanga, kwaye khange ikhule kakuhle. Asilotyala lombongo, elibakho ngokwalo, kodwa iindlela ezingenakubalwa apho intsingiselo yazo intsonkothileyo yadityaniswa yagqitywa kwiminyaka, bobabini ngabaphengululi bemibongo abayibona njengesiqhulo sokukhohlisa kukhetho lomntu ngamnye, kwaye ngokuqala izithethi eziwujonga lo mbongo njengombhiyozo welanga wenkululeko.
Kodwa lo mbongo uyanyibilika kunoko, kwaye awunakucinezelwa ngokulula. Kwakhe incwadi entsha , Indlela engathathwanga: Ukufumana iMelika kumbongo wonke umntu uyakuthanda kwaye phantse wonke umntu ufumana okungalunganga (Penguin Press), umgxeki wombongo UDavid Orr , obhalela bani INew York Times , ifuna ukuhlangula umbongo omkhulu kaFrost kwisimo sayo serhafu. Lo mbongo ayisosothuti sokwenza izinto ngokuzimela, u-Orr ubhala, yinkcazo malunga nokuzikhohlisa esikwenzayo xa sisakha ibali lobomi bethu.
Umbongo, ovele kwi Inkqubo ye- Ngenyanga yeAtlantic ngo-Agasti 1915, iyabhida phantse kuzo zonke iindlela onokucinga ngazo. Umzekelo, umgca wokuqala (Iindlela ezimbini eziphambukiswe kumthi omthubi), unika imibuzo embalwa enomdla. Ngaba ezi ndlela zimbini zichaziweyo zimela ifolokhwe okanye iindlela ezinqamlezayo? Ngaba umthi omthubi ubhekisa ekwindla, okanye, njengoko abafoti bathanda ukuyibiza, lilixa legolide kanye phambi kokutshona kwelanga? (Mhlawumbi bobabini.) Kwaye yintoni esimele siyenze xa siqikelela ixesha langoku (ndiza kube ndikuthetha oku ndincwina…), nekulula nokuyinto engaqhelekanga ngalo mbongo, utshilo uMnu Orr.
kunye noPiper Chapman kwi I-Orenji nguMnyama oMnyama ) ndiyithathile.
Ewe, uFrost wayenokubhala olo hlobo lombongo ukuba uyavuya. Ukubhala i-parody ye-fucking kwakuphakathi kwamandla akhe, uMnu Orr uxelele uMbonisi kwiveki ephelileyo ngekofu kwi-West Village. Kodwa uFrost ubonakala ngathi wayenenjongo enzima ngakumbi kwaye ephikisanayo xa wayebhala iNdlela engathathwanga. Kwaye kwincwadi yakhe, uMnu Orr uthatha indlela ephakathi.
Ayisiyiyo ngokwenene imbongo yomyalezo, utshilo uMnu Orr, oneminyaka engama-41. Ngumbongo wentsebenzo. Ke into eyenziwa nguFrost ngabom uzama ukubeka izimvo ezininzi kumdlalo kwaye uziyeke zingqubane kwaye zidibane kwaye zidibane, kwaye ukuba ujonge njalo, ndicinga ukuba lo mbongo uphumelele kakhulu.
UFrost wabhala iNdlela engathathwanga e-United States emva kohambo lokonga umsebenzi eNgilane, ngethuba apho waba ngumhlobo wembongi kunye nomgxeki wezoncwadi uEdward Thomas. La madoda mabini ahamba uhambo olude kunye emaphandleni, kwaye uThomas wayezisola ngokuvakalayo kuba engakhange awakhokelele kwindlela enomtsalane, eyayisebenza njengenkuthazo kumbongo.
Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1915, uFrost wathumela uyilo lwombongo- owawubizwa ngokuba ziiNdlela eziBini- kuThomas, owafumanisa ukuba umsebenzi uyothusa. Kodwa noThomas akazange ayiqonde ngendlela awayezimisele ngayo uFrost, njengoko imbalelwano phakathi kwaba babhali babini ityhila.
Ndiyazibuza ukuba kungenxa yokuba ubuzama kakhulu ukundijonga ukuba uye wasilela ukubona ukuba ukuncwina kwakusisincwaso sokuhlekisa, ukuhanahanisa okubaluleke kakhulu kulonwabo lwento, uFrost wabhala inqaku elihlekisayo kuTomas ngoJuni 26. , 1915, ebhekisa kumgca wokuqala wesigaba sokugqibela.
Inyaniso yokuba kukho ukufundwa okuninzi kweNdlela engathathwanga ayithethi kuphela kumandla kaFrost njengembongi kodwa umnqweno wakhe wokutolikwa gwenxa. UFrost, owafa ngo-1963, unxulumene nobomi basefama baseNew England, kodwa wachitha iminyaka elishumi yokuqala yobomi bakhe eSan Francisco, wahamba kakhulu, kwaye wayene-urbane ngakumbi kunokuba wayeyekile (nangona engazange aphumelele kwikholeji) .
UFrost wasebenza nzima ngendlela emangalisayo ukuze kubonakale ngathi akazami kwaphela, utshilo uMnu Orr. ENgilani, waxubana nezinto ezazithandwa ngu-Ezra Pound, owayeyintshatsheli yokuqala yomsebenzi kaFrost, nangona uFrost engazange alunge ngokupheleleyo nakowuphi umboniso woncwadi. Wayefuna ukubhenela kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zabafundi, ezinokuthi zichaze ukuba kutheni iNdlela engathathwanga ilungele ukutolikwa.
Njengoninzi lwabantu baseMelika, uMnu Orr akakhumbuli okokuqala efunda lo mbongo, nangona ethatha ukuba kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Kwaye olu luhlobo lwecala. Lo mbongo uhleli ngokuqinileyo kuluntu ukuba abo bangakhange bawufunde banokucinga ukuba babenalo ixesha ebomini babo. Kukwanjalo nakwimibongo yeFrost, kubandakanya Ukumiswa nguWolds ngokuhlwa kweSithwathwa kwaye mhlawumbi Birches. Zimbalwa, ukuba zikhona, iimbongi zaseMelika ezinokuthi zibange impembelelo kwi-psyche yaseMelika.
Uyifumene ngolu hlobo ngokungathi ungahamba kwimigca evela kwiSibhengezo senkululeko, utshilo uMnu Orr. Yindlela evakalelwa ngayo kum-uhlobo olufana nale nto ingaqhelekanga yaseMelika oyaziyo nje.
Umnumzana u-Orr, ohlala e-Ithaca kunye nenkosikazi yakhe kunye nentombi yakhe, uyimbongi kunye nonjingalwazi wezokugxekwa kwezoncwadi kwiYunivesithi yaseCornell. (Ukwaligqwetha, kodwa akasaphindi asebenze ngokusisigxina.)Ugqibe kwelokuba abhale ngombongo omnye ukuze akwazi ukufunda kufutshane. Incwadi yakhe yamva nje yahlulahlulwe yangamacandelo amane. Ababini bokuqala bajonge umbongo kunye nembongi ngelixa ezesibini zibonakala zingabalulekanga, ziqulathe, umzekelo, ukucamngca ngentando ekhululekileyo kunye noviwo lobume bento yakho, iifom zazo zibambeke ngombongo kaFrost.
Mhlawumbi obona bungqina bukhulu bokomelela kombongo yinto yokuba, kuMnu Orr, iNdlela Engathathwanga yayingalahlekanga imfihlakalo ngexesha lokugqiba ukubhala incwadi yakhe. Okukhona uyijonga, uMnumzana Orr waqaphela, kubonakala ngathi umfokazi.
