Akukho nto ngaphandle kwam… ndiyacula, ndiswele enye ingoma.
-UJohn Updike, Midpoint, 1969
I-Mailer, i-Updike, i-Roth-i-Great Male Narcissists * abaye balawula i-fist yangemva kwemfazwe ngoku sele bekwi-senescence yabo, kwaye akufuneki kubonakale ngathi yinto eyenzekileyo ukuba ithemba labo lokufa libuyiselwe umva yimileniyamu esondeleyo kunye noqikelelo lwe-intanethi yokusweleka kwinoveli njengoko sisazi. Xa umntu esweleka yedwa, emva kwayo yonke into ihamba naye. Kwaye akukho namnye umbhali wenoveli wase-U.S. Oye wenza imephu yendawo ye-solipsist ngcono kunoJohn Updike, ophakame kwiminyaka yama-60 kunye nama-70 wammisela njengombhali kunye nelizwi lesona sizukulwana sizimeleyo ukusukela oko uLouis XIV. Njengokuba kwakunjalo ngoFreud, uxinzelelo olukhulu lukaMnu Updike belusoloko lukukufa kunye nokwabelana ngesondo (hayi oko kulandelelana), kunye nenyaniso yokuba imeko yeencwadi zakhe ifumene ubusika obuninzi kwiminyaka yakutshanje iyaqondakala-Mnu. U-Updike uhlala ebhala ngokubanzi ngaye, kwaye ekubeni uMvundla ohamba ngokumangalisayo e-Rest uye wahlola, ngakumbi nangakumbi, ithemba le-apocalyptic lokufa kwakhe.
Ngasekupheleni kwexesha ixhalabisa i-erudite, i-articulate, impumelelo, i-narcissistic kunye ne-sex-obsessed guy osethathe umhlalaphantsi ogcina iphephancwadi lonyaka omnye apho ahlolisisa khona ithemba lokufa kwakhe. Yiyo, yeencwadi ezipheleleyo ezingama-25 ezihlaziyiweyo endizifundileyo, kude lee kude nokubi, inoveli ejija ingqondo kwaye izonwabise kangangokuba kunzima ukukholelwa ukuba umbhali makayipapashe ngolu hlobo lwemilo.
Ndiyoyika isivakalisi esandulelayo kukuphononongwa kwakhona, kwaye uninzi lwebhalansi apha luya kubandakanya ubungqina / ubungqina bolu vavanyo lungahloniphiyo. Kuqala, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ndinokuthi ndibambe intloko ebaluleke kakhulu kwisakhelo somzuzu nje omnye, ndingathanda ukunika isiqinisekiso sokuba umvavanyi wakho akangomnye wolu daka-lokutshiza, ukusasaza ukutshitshisa ii-Updike-haters ezidibana nazo phakathi kwabafundi boncwadi phantsi 40. Inyani yile yokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ndihlelwe njengomnye wabalandeli abambalwa abangama-40 be-Updike. Akunjengomntu onomdla njengokuba, uthi, uNicholson Baker, kodwa ndicinga ukuba i-Poorhouse Fair, yeFama kunye neCentaur zonke iincwadi ezinkulu, mhlawumbi i-classics. Kwaye nokuba uMvundla usisityebi-njengabalinganiswa bakhe babonakala ngathi bayagxotha, kwaye ngaphandle kokubonisa ukuba umbhali uyaqonda ukuba bayagxothwa-ndiqhubekile ndifunda iinoveli zikaMnu Updike kwaye ndincoma ubuhle bakhe iprozi echazayo.
Uninzi lwabafundi boncwadi endibaziyo buqu bangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40, kwaye inani elilingeneyo ngabantu ababhinqileyo, kwaye akukho namnye kubo obabaze kakhulu emva kwemfazwe iG.M.N. Kodwa nguMnu Updike ngokukodwa kubonakala ngathi bayayithiya. Ayisiyoncwadi yakhe kuphela, ngenxa yesizathu esithile-khankanya indoda elihlwempu uqobo kwaye kuya kufuneka uphinde ubuye umva:
Ipenisi nje enethesorasi.
Ngaba unyana we-bitch ukhe wanombono omnye ongashicilelwanga?
Yenza i-misogyny ibonakale njengoncwadi ngendlela efanayo neLimbaugh eyenza i-fascism ibonakale ngathi iyahlekisa.
Oku kokwenene-ndithembe-iikowuti, kwaye ndivile ezona zimbi kakhulu, kwaye zihlala zihlala zikhatshwa luhlobo lobuso apho unokuthi akukho nto izakubangoncedo ekuphikisaneni okanye ekuthetheni ngolonwabo kwiprozi kaMnu Updike. Akukho namnye wabadlali abadumileyo besizukulwana sakhe-hayi uMailer, hayi uFrederick Exley okanye uCharles Bukowski okanye uSamuel Delany waseHogg -ukhuthaza ukungathandi okunje. Kukho, ewe, ezinye iinkcazo ezibonakalayo zenxalenye yokungayithandi-ikhwele, iconoclasm, PC ukubuyela umva, kunye nenyaniso yokuba uninzi lwabazali bethu bayamhlonela uMnu Updike kwaye kulula ukuyithuka into ehlonitshwa ngabazali bakho. Kodwa ndicinga ukuba esona sizathu siphambili kwisizukulwana sam ukungamthandi uMnu Updike kunye nezinye i-GMN zinento yokwenza nokuzibamba, kunye nokubhiyozela kwabo ngokungathandekiyo kokuzifaka kubo nakubalinganiswa babo .
Umnumzana u-Updike, umzekelo, uneminyaka eyakha ama-protagonists ayinyani ngokufanayo (jonga umzekelo uMvundla u-Angstrom, uDick Maple, uPiet Hanema, uHenry Bech, uMfu Tom Marshfield, u-Roger's Version kaMalume uNunc) kwaye ngubani Zonke izinto ngokucacileyo zimile ngombhali ngokwakhe. Bahlala bahlala nokuba yiPennsylvania okanye i-New England, abonwabanga / batshatile, baneminyaka yobudala kaMnu Updike. Ngamaxesha onke nokuba ngumbalisi okanye umlinganiswa wenqaku-lembono, bonke baneziphiwo zokuqonda ezimangalisayo zombhali; Bonke bacinga kwaye bathetha ngendlela efanayo engenamandla, indlela yokwenza into uMnu. Updike ayenzayo. Bahlala bengenakuguqulwa ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ubuqhophololo, ukuzidelela, ukuzisizela… kwaye ngokunzulu bodwa, kuphela kwendlela yokuba yedwa. Abazange babe loluphi na uhlobo lweyunithi enkulu okanye uluntu okanye isizathu. Nangona bahlala bengamadoda osapho, abaze bathande namphi na umntu-kwaye, nangona behlala besabelana ngesondo ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba le-satyriasis, abathandani kakhulu nabafazi. Very Elona hlabathi libangqongileyo, ngobuhle njengoko belibona kwaye belichaza, kubonakala ngathi kuphela kubo njengoko kuvusa imbonakalo kunye nokunxulumana kunye neemvakalelo ngaphakathi kwesiqu sakho.
Ndicinga ukuba kubantu abadala abancinci abafundileyo be-60's kunye ne-70's, ekuthe kubo eyona nto yoyikekayo yayikukungathobeli ukuhanahanisa kunye nengcinezelo yesizukulwana sabazali babo, uMnu Updike ukukhutshwa kwesidima sabonakala ngathi sihlawulela kwaye sinobuqhawe. Kodwa abantu abadala abancinci abafundileyo be-90's-ababengabo, abantwana abanganyanisekanga kunye noqhawulo-mtshato. U-Updike wabhala malunga nokuhle kakhulu-ukuba abukele yonke le nto inesibindi kunye nokuzichaza kunye nenkululeko yesondo iya isiba mandundu ukungonwabi kunye nokuzonwabisa okungathandekiyo kwisizukulwana sam. I-sub-40 zanamhlanje zinezinto ezoyikisayo ezahlukeneyo, ezibalaseleyo phakathi kwazo ziyi-anomie kunye ne-solipsism kunye nesizungu esikhethekileyo saseMelika: ithemba lokufa ungakhange uthande into ngaphezu kwakho. UBen Turnbull, umbalisi wenoveli kaMnu Updike yamva nje, uneminyaka engama-66 ubudala kwaye usinga ekufeni okunje, kwaye woyika engenazintloni. Njengabaninzi be-novelist's protagonists, nangona kunjalo, u-Turnbull ubonakala esoyika zonke izinto ezingalunganga.
Ngasekupheleni kukaTim e kuthengiswa ngumpapashi wayo njengebhongo lokuhamba kukaMnu Updike, ukungenelela kwakhe kwisithethe se-futuristic-dystopic yeAldous Huxley kunye nesoft sci-fi. Unyaka ngu-AD 2020, kwaye ixesha khange libe mnene. Imfazwe yemfazwe yase-Sino-American ibulale izigidi kwaye yaphelisa urhulumente ophakathi njengoko abantu baseMelika besazi. Idola ihambile; IMassachusetts ngoku isebenzisa isikhwama esibizwa ngokuba yiBill Weld. Akukho rhafu-yobunzima bendawo ngoku obufumana imali yokukhusela ukukhusela iscale kwezinye iindawo ezinzima zalapha. UGawulayo uphilisiwe, iMidwest ishiye abantu, kwaye iinxalenye zeBoston ziqhushumbe kwaye (mhlawumbi?) Isikhululo sendawo esishiyiweyo sixhonywe esibhakabhakeni ebusuku njengenyanga encinci. Kukho amachaphaza amancinci kodwa adlakadlaka e-metallobioforms aguquke kwinkunkuma enetyhefu kwaye ahambahamba esitya umbane kunye nomntu ngamanye amaxesha. IMexico iphinde yathimba uMzantsi-ntshona waseMelika kwaye isoyikisa ngokuhlasela ngokubanzi njengoko amawaka abantu abancinci baseMelika benyonyoba bewela iRio Grande bekhangela ubomi obungcono. IMelika, ngamafutshane, ilungiselela ukufa.
Izinto zangemva kwewaka leminyaka zencwadi maxa wambi zipholile, kwaye ngokwenyani zinokumela ukuhamba okumnandi kukaMnu Updike ukuba bebengengabo bonke abakhazimlayo nababuthathaka. Yeyiphi iipesenti ezingama-95 zokuya esiphelweni sexesha eneneni iqulethwe nguTurnbull ochaza iintyatyambo eziphambili (ngaphezulu nangaphezulu njengoko ixesha ngalinye lidlula) kunye nomfazi wakhe onobukrwada, otyumkileyo uGloria, kunye nokukhumbula owayesakuba ngumfazi owamqhawula umtshato ngokukrexeza, ihenyukazi eliselula lihamba lingena endlwini xa uGloria engekho kuhambo. Ikwanamaphepha amaninzi e-Turnbull yokuzibandakanya malunga nokubola kunye nokufa kunye nentlekele yemeko yomntu, kwaye nangaphezulu amaphepha ka-Turnbull athetha ngesondo kunye nokungakhathali komnqweno wesini kunye nokuchaza indlela anqwenela ngayo emva koonobhala abazimeleyo kunye nabamelwane kunye nebhulorho. amaqabane kunye noomolokazana kunye nentombazana encinci eyinxalenye yeqela labasokolayo abancinci uhlawula ukhuseleko kuye, oneminyaka eli-13 ubudala onamabele angacacanga amabele axhonywe ngeengono ze-honeysuckle-berry-Turnbull ekugqibeleni uyavuya iinkuni ngasemva kwendlu yakhe xa umfazi wakhe engajonganga.
Kwimeko apho oku kuvakala njengesishwankathelo esinzima, nabu ubungqina obunzima bobuchwephesha bokuba kungakanani ukuhamba kukaMnu. U-Updike kule noveli ngokwenene:
Inani elipheleleyo lamaphepha malunga ne-Sino-American war-cause, ubude, amaxhoba: 0.75;
Inani elipheleleyo lamaphepha malunga nokubulalwa kwe-metallobioforms ebulalayo: 1.5;
Inani elipheleleyo lamaphepha malunga neentyatyambo ezijikeleze ikhaya likaTurnbull, kunye nezilwanyana, imozulu kunye nendlela ajonga ngayo ulwandlekazi kumaxesha ahlukeneyo: 86;
Inani elipheleleyo lamaphepha malunga nokubuyiselwa eMexico kuMzantsi-ntshona wase-U.S: 0.1;
Inani elipheleleyo lamaphepha malunga nepenisi kaBen Turnbull kunye neemvakalelo zakhe ezahlukeneyo ngayo: 7.5;
Inani elipheleleyo lamaphepha malunga nomzimba wehenyukazi, ngakumbi ingqalelo kwi-loci yesini: 8.75;
Inani elipheleleyo lamaphepha malunga negalufa: 15;
Inani elipheleleyo lamaphepha kaBen Turnbull esithi izinto ezinje ndifuna ukuba abantu basetyhini babe mdaka kwaye Siyagwetywa, amadoda nabafazi, kwi-symbiosis kwaye Wayeyinyama ekhethiweyo yenyama kwaye ndiyathemba ukuba ubambe ixabiso elifanelekileyo kunye namalungu ezesondo ukuhamba, ukuncama yonke into kuloo ndawo yoqhakamshelwano: 36.5.
Ezona nxalenye zeenoveli zingamaqhekeza amancinci apho uTurnbull azicingela ehlala kumanani awahlukeneyo embali-umphangi wamangcwaba kwi-Egypt yamandulo, uStark Mark, umlindi kwinkampu yokufa yamaNazi, njl njl. zazininzi ngakumbi. Ingxaki kukuba abenzi umsebenzi omninzi apha ngaphandle kokusikhumbuza ukuba uMnu U-Updike angabhala iziqwenga ezisemagqabini xa esemood. Ukuzithethelela kwabo kwinoveli kubangelwa yinto yokuba umbalisi ungumlandeli wesayensi. U-Turnbull unomdla ngakumbi kwi-subatomic physics kwaye into ayibiza ngokuba yithiyori yehlabathi-esukela ngo-1957 kwaye isisombululo esicetywayo kwizinto ezithile eziphikisanayo ezibandakanya imigaqo yokungaqiniseki kunye nokuhambelana, kwaye engakholelekiyo kwaye inzima… kodwa leyo I-Turnbull ibonakala ngathi icinga into efanayo ne-Theory ye-Past-Life Channeling, ngokucacileyo yiyo loo nto ichaza iziqwengana apho i-Turnbull ingomnye umntu. Ukusekwa kwe-quantum yonke kuphelela ekubeni neentloni ngendlela into enesidima eneentloni ngayo xa nayo ingalunganga.
Kungcono, kwaye kuqinisekiswe ngekamva elizayo, sisiloloquies zombalisi kutshintsho oluhlaza-kubomvu kunye nokuphela kokunyanzeliswa kwendalo yonke eyaziwayo kufutshane nokuphela kwencwadi, kwaye oku bekuya kuba phakathi kwezinto ezibalaseleyo zenoveli, ukuba ibingeyiyo Inyaniso yokuba u-Turnbull unomdla kwi-cosmic apocalypse kuphela kuba isebenza njengesafobe esikhulu sokufa kwakhe-ngokufanayo zonke iinkcazo ze-Housmanesque zonyaka obalulekileyo we-2020, kunye nenkcazo yokugqibela yencwadi enzima yamanundu amancinci amhlophe [athe] ngempazamo Ukuqanduselwa ngemini yasekwindla kwaye ngoku flip kwaye uphephezelisa inyawo okanye ezimbini ngaphezulu kwe-asphalt ngokungathi ubhajwe kwindawo emxinwa yexesha lesithuba phantsi kokupheliswa kobusika.
Iibhafu ze-closky zale noveli zibonakala ngathi zinesifo nkqu neprose, amandla amakhulu kaJohn Updike phantse iminyaka engama-40. Ngasekupheleni kweXesha ngamanye amaxesha kuye kwakho ukukhanya kweenyamakazi zokubhala ezichazwe njengezityebileyo ezijongana nethenda, amagqabi ehlafunwa ngentambo ngooqongqothwane baseJapan, ukujika okuqinileyo kwemoto njengeslur. Kodwa ipesenteji eyoyikisayo yale ncwadi inezinto ezinje Kutheni ngokwenene abantu basetyhini belila? Balila, kwabonakala engqondweni yam ebhadulayo, kuba ilizwe ngokwalo, ngobuhle balo kunye nenkcitho yalo, inkohlakalo edibeneyo kunye nokuthantamisa kunye nokuba lide kangakanani ihlobo ngaphambi kokuba liqale! Ukuqala kwayo kuphawula ukuphela kwayo, njengoko ukuzalwa kwethu kubandakanya ukufa kwethu kwaye oluPhuculo lubonakala lukude, nangona kunjalo, phakathi kwemicimbi engxamisekileyo yokusinda kwiplanethi yethu enabantu abaninzi. Ungasathethi ke ngezigqibo ezipheleleyo zezivakalisi ezinokuguqula izinto kangako-Ukungaziphathi kakuhle nokungabi natyala kwenkululeko yethu kubengezela njengohlobo lokubila kumalungu abo angenanto kunye nabanemibala yobusi okanye imilebe yamahhoyi-okanye ukuzithoba okuninzi- Njengeentlobo zethu, Ukubetha kanzima, ukugxadazela, abanye, bonke kodwa babalwa, bangena ngaphakathi-kunye nemanyano enzima-Ulwandle olubanzi lubetha iblue ngekhe ndikholelwe ukuba ifumaneke ngaphandle kwesihluzo esimnyama-ukuba kubonakala ngathi banjengoJohn Updike kunokuba umntu esenza Iparody kaJohn Updike.
Ngaphandle kokusiphazamisa ngamaxhala malunga nokuba uMnu Updike angalimala okanye agule, uburharha beprozi busonyusa ukungamthandi kwethu umbalisi wenoveli (kunzima ukuthanda umntu onendlela yokuthi umfazi wakhe akathandi ukulala ngaphambili yena wayeyithiyile xa ndangena ebhedini ndaza ndaphazamiseka kuye ngokulandelelana kwamanyathelo apho isifo siphela). Oku ukungathandi kwaphela i-torpedoes ukuya kwiXesha lokuphela kwexesha, inoveli enesiphelo sayo esibuhlungu (kwisahluko esisekupheleni esibizwa ngokuba yi-The Deaths) ngumsebenzi weprostate oshiya i-Turnbull ingenamandla kwaye idume kakhulu. Kucacisiwe gca ukuba umbhali ulindele ukuba sibonise uvelwano kunye nokwabelana nentlungu kaTurnbull kwintlungu eyenzakalisayo eyaphule iinkqubo [ezenziweyo] kwisini sam esithandekayo. Ezi mfuno zovelwano lwethu zibonisa ingxaki enkulu yesiqingatha sokuqala sencwadi, esichazwe kwi-flashback, apho kufanele ukuba sivelane kungekuphela nje nencwadi eyoyikisayo ekhoyo ehlasela iTurnbull eneminyaka engama-30 njengoko ekwigumbi lakhe elingaphantsi kwakha unodoli wentombi yakhe- Ndingafa, kodwa nentombazana encinci endiyenzela le nto izakufa… Kwakungekho Thixo, inkcukacha nganye yesirusi ebunjiweyo, ebunjiweyo yenziwe yacaca, yiNdalo nje kuphela, eyayiza kudla ubomi bam ngokungakhathali nangokungenantlonelo njengobulongwe Isidumbu-sebhungulu kwimfumba yomgquba-kodwa kunye nesiqabu sikaTurnbull ekufumaneni iyeza loloyiko-into ethandekayo, eyam yokuqala. Ukuluka kwayo okumibalabala kokutyhileka ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nomngcipheko wokunxila kunye nokuziva unetyala kugqithile kwimvakalelo yokutya engwevu yexesha.
Mhlawumbi ekuphela kwento umfundi agqibela ukuyixabisa malunga noBen Turnbull kukuba ungumboniso obanzi we-Updike protagonist kangangokuba usinceda ukuba sibone ukuba yintoni ebingathandeki kwaye ikhathazekile malunga nabalinganiswa bakamlobi abanesiphiwo. Ayikuko ukuba u-Turnbull usisiyatha-angacaphula u-Kierkegaard kunye no-Pascal nge-angst kwaye abhekise ekufeni kuka-Schubert kunye no-Mozart aze ahlule phakathi kwe-sinistrorse kunye ne-dextrorse Polygonum umdiliya, njl.njl. Ukwabelana ngesondo kunye nabani na umntu afuna ukumnyanga nanini na xa efuna unyango kunyango lwe-ontological. Kwaye ke, kuyabonakala, ngaba uMnu Updike-uyenza icace into yokuba ukujonga ukungabi namandla kombalisi njengentlekele, njengophawu lokugqibela lokufa uqobo, kwaye ngokucacileyo ufuna ukuba sililele njengoTurnbull. Andikhathazwa ngokukodwa sesi simo sengqondo; Mna ikakhulu andiyifumani. Erect or flaccid, ukungonwabi kukaBen Turnbull kubonakala ngokucacileyo kwiphepha lokuqala lencwadi. Kodwa ayizange yenzeke nakanye kuye into yokuba isizathu sokuba angonwabi kukuba eyimpundu.
Ngaphandle kokuba, ewe, ucinga ngokwakha ii-encomiums ezinde kumfazi ongcwele onemilomo emininzi okanye athethe izinto ezinje Kuyinyani, ukubona imilebe yakhe etyebileyo ithobekile ijikeleze ilungu lam elidumbileyo, iinkophe zakhe zathobekile, indiphatha kakubi ngenkolo. Uxolo luyafana nokumthanda.
