UMary Tyler Moore ubhekisa kwisihlwele ecaleni komfanekiso oqingqiweyo omzukisayo. Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ubonakalisa uMoore ephosa umnqwazi wakhe kwiikhredithi zokuvula zeMary Tyler Moore Show.UMike Ekern / i-Getty Izithombe Ngo-1970 iMelika, ii-initials MTM kwakuthetha izinto ezintathu: umdlali weqonga uMary Tyler Moore; umboniso awenza kuwo; kunye nenkampani yena nomyeni wakhe uGrant Tinker.
Bobathathu batshintsha ubomi baseMelika, kodwa owesithathu wakwenza oko amashumi eminyaka, ebuyisela inkcubeko eyaziwayo kunye nokuguqula iscreen esincinci ukuba sibe lolona hlobo lubalaseleyo lobugcisa bexesha lalo.
UMary Tyler Moore
Ngama-1950, uLucille Ball noJackie Gleason babeka ibha kumdlalo weTV. Kwi-1960s, ibha yaphakanyiswa ngu Umboniso weDick Van Dyke . UCarl Reiner kunye noDick Van Dyke benze umdlalo ohlekisayo wendalo, apho amagagasi ayesekondari kuburharha bemihla ngemihla. Njengoko iindima zabasetyhini zavela, uMary Tyler Moore waba ligugu lesizwe: umfazi wase-sitcom owayemhle, ehlekisa, kwaye enamhlanje-uJackie Kennedy wexesha eliphambili.
Njengoko uVan Dyke noMoore baba ngumlinganiso weKennedys, uMoore wafumana eyakhe iJFK kwiseti yomboniso. UGrant Tinker wayengumlawuli we-ad handsome, opolishiwe, kunye no-charismatic, owatshata noMoore ngaphambi kokuqala kwesizini yesibini.
Ukubulawa kukaJFK kwathatha ezinye ze-sheen ezivela kwiCamelot kamabonwakude. Ngo-1966, uReiner noVan Dyke bagqiba umdlalo phezulu kumdlalo wabo. Ngo-1969, uVan Dyke wamema uMoore ukuba avele kwi-TV ekhethekileyo yokuhlangana kwakhona, eyaba yinto enkulu. Ke i-CBS, ikhangela umntu oza kungena ezihlangwini zikaLucy, yanika uMoreth uthotho lwezakhe.
UMorell noTinker bathandabuza. UMary wayesandul 'inkwenkwezi kolunye uthotho aluthandayo lonke ixesha, kwaye wayengafuni ukubuya nesitcom esiqhelekileyo esingakhathaliyo. Kodwa uTinker wayenothsisi awayefuna ukuyivavanya: Ngokungafaniyo nabanye abaphathi beTV, wayekholelwa ukuba umabonakude ngokusisiseko Isixhobo sombhali . Ukusukela kwiintsuku zam zokuqala malunga nomabonakude, kamva wabhala, kuye kwacaca kum ukuba iinkqubo ezilungileyo zinokwenziwa kuphela ngokulungileyo ababhali .
Ngasemva kwale ntanda bulumko, uTinker noMoore badala inkampani entsha ukuze babonise umboniso wabo omtsha. Yabizwa ngokuba nguMary Tyler Moore Enterprises, ekubhekiswa kuyo njenge MTM .
Bazibandakanya ne-duo encinci yokubhala u-Allan Burns noJames Brooks, kwaye benza isindululo esiphikisayo kwi-CBS. Bafuna ulawulo olupheleleyo loyilo lomboniso omtsha kaMoore, kunye nesivumelwano sokuba iya kuveliswa yi-MTM. I-CBS yavuma.
Umboniso kaMary Tyler Moore
Ngo-1970, imikhosi emibini yalwa neentliziyo zenethiwekhi. Omnye wabo yayingumnqweno wabo wokuyidlala bekhuselekile, ukunqanda impikiswano, ukubambelela ekuthengiseni isepha. Omnye yayingumnqweno wokubamba abaphulaphuli abatsha-kule meko, isizukulwane esinyukayo sama-60s esasifuna ukubona abalinganiswa beTV abanokuthi badibane nabo.
Kwakungenakuphepheka ukuba le mikhosi yayiya emfazweni. Indawo yokulwa yaba yiyo UMary Tyler Moore Bonisa .
Njengoko uNorman Lear wayeza kwenza kwangalo nyaka, uTinker noMoore bagqiba kwelokuba benze umboniso omtsha kwishumi leminyaka elitsha. Bayiyekele eBrooks naseBurns ukuze basebenze ngeenkcukacha. Aba bavelisi babini bancinci babuyela kwizinto ababezazi: kuba uMary wayengenakudlala omnye umama wendlu, bagqiba kwelokuba umboniso kufuneka ube yindawo yokuhlekisa emsebenzini. Ukusukela UDick Van Dyke bebonisile ukuba iTV uqobo lwayo lusebenza njengendawo yokumisela, bagqiba kwelokuba babeke isimilo sikaMariya kwihlabathi bonke ebebazi ngcono.
Bafumene umbono wabo ophakamileyo: UMary Richards uza kusebenza kwigumbi leendaba leTV. Kwaye ngokungafaniyo nelinye inenekazi elikhokelayo kwiTV, umlingiswa kaMary uya kuba njalo uqhawule umtshato . Bayibeka le ngcinga kuMoore noTinker, bobabini abayithandayo: ngo-1970, uqhawulo-mtshato kumabonakude yayiyinkcazo entsha .
Isigqeba se-CBS uMike Dann wothuka, waziswa entloko yophando lwe-CBS, owashwankathela ubukrelekrele bethelevishini yenethiwekhi ka-1970:
Uphando lwethu luthi abaphulaphuli baseMelika abayi kulunyamezela uqhawulo-mtshato kwinto ekhokelayo kuthotho ngaphandle kokuba baya kunyamezela amaJuda, abantu abanamadevu, nabantu abahlala eNew York.
Ke uMTM ulususile uqhawulo-mtshato, kwaye wabaphelisa abalinganiswa abaza kusebenza noMariya. Ukuziqhelanisa kwaqala kwindawo yakudala yeDesilu, enye apho Ndiyamthanda uLucy wadutyulwa.
Ii-CBS ziwuthiyile umboniso. Isigqeba uMike Dann uthembise ukuthenga iMTM ngaphandle: thatha imali uhambe, wacebisa uTinker. Musa ukuphosa imali elungileyo emva kokubi. Tinker noMoore bala. Babenekhontrakthi yesiqendu seshumi elinesithathu kwaye babezakubamba i-CBS kuyo.
Ke beka Umboniso kaMary Tyler Moore kwenye indawo akukho mntu wayenokuze ayibone. Wayeyicwangcisile ngobusuku bangoLwesibini phakathi IBeverly Hillbillies kwaye Hee Haw. Yayilithuba elifanelekileyo lokubonwa ngabaphulaphuli basemaphandleni abangayicaphukela.
Umnini we-CBS uWilliam Paley kungekudala uza kwenza into efanayo ngomboniso yena ithiyiwe, ibizwa Konke Kusapho. Kuwo omabini la matyala, i-CBS yangcwaba abasindisi bayo bexesha elizayo, kwaye yabalinda ukuba bafe.
Kodwa uMike Dann wakhawuleza waphuma kwi-CBS, kwaye abaphathi abatsha bahlangula yomibini imiboniso emangcwabeni. Bazibeka ngobusuku bangoMgqibelo ngexesha lokuqala: Konke kusapho ngo 8 PM kunye Umboniso kaMary Tyler Moore ngo-9 PM. Zombini iinkqubo zazisokola ukufumana abaphulaphuli, de kwaba li-Emmy Awards ngo-1971- apho Inkqubo ye- UMariya UTyler Moore Show Ufumene iimpumelelo ezine kunye nokukhethwa kwabasibhozo. Kungekudala abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-20 babebukele UMariya ; Ngo-1974, ababukeli bakhula baba zizigidi ezingama-43, inani elingenakwenzeka kwaphela namhlanje.
Inkqubo ye- Ijenali yeWall Street kubizwe UMariya Owona mboniso ubalaseleyo kumabonakude, iveki phakathi evekini… [ababukeli] babukele abantu abanjengabo bona — abanethemba lokuphila ubomi obungagqibelelanga, amaxesha amaninzi ubomi obuxubeneyo, besolula isidima esithile.
Ngale miboniso mibini, kunye M * A * S * H, Umboniso weBob Newhart kwaye Umboniso kaCarol Burnett, I-CBS yenze olona lawulo lubalaseleyo noluphumelele kakhulu kumabonwakude. Kwiminyaka apho olu luhlu lwalusasazwa khona, phantse ama-50 ezigidi zabantu baseMelika bahlala ekhaya ngoMgqibelo ebusuku- isiqingatha samakhaya e-TV eMelika, bebukele iinkqubo ezifanayo ezintlanu, ngaxeshanye.
Yayilingana ne-TV ye-Yankees ye-1927, kwaye ngekhe iphinde yenzeke.
Njengoko UMariya yaqhubeka kwaye i-MTM yakhula, uBrooks noBurns bafuna ababhali ababhinqileyo, besenza Umboniso kaMary Tyler Moore Imveliso yokuqala yeTV eyayibhalwe yabhalwa ngabafazi. Ngo-1973, amashumi amabini anesihlanu kwababhali abamashumi asixhenxe anesihlanu UMariya babengabafazi. Njengoko i-MTM ijongana nemiba ebandakanya ukulingana ngokulingana, uqhawulo-mtshato, ukungathembeki, kunye nobuhenyu, izigidi zabasetyhini zibone uMary Richards njengoyena mntu ubhinqileyo kumabonakude.
UMariya liyiqinisile imeko yalo njengowona mboniso uphucukileyo kumabonwakude. Inenekazi lokuqala uBetty Ford wenza ukubonakala, njengoWalter Cronkite, edlala ngokwakhe. Ngokunjalo noJohnny Carson, oyena mntu unamandla kumabonwakude, ongazange abonakale nakweyiphi na inkqubo kodwa eyakhe.
UMariya ayinakufumana nkulu, kodwa umhlaba owawungqongile wawutshintsha kwakhona. NjengoReiner noVan Dyke phambi kwabo, uMoore noTinker bagqibe kwelokuba baphele phezulu kumdlalo wabo. Kwisiqendu sokugqibela, ngo-1977, uMoore wanikela intetho yakhe yokugqibela:
Ndifuna nje ukuba uyazi ukuba ngamanye amaxesha ndiye ndikhathazeke ngokuba ngumfazi osebenzayo. Ndiqala ukucinga ukuba umsebenzi wam ubaluleke kakhulu kum, kwaye ndizixelele ukuba abantu endisebenza nabo ngabantu endisebenza nabo, hayi usapho lwam. Kwaye phezolo, bendicinga, luyintoni usapho, phofu? Bangabantu nje abenza uzive ungaphantsi wedwa kwaye ubathandile ngokwenene. Kwaye yile nto undenzele yona. Enkosi ngokuba lusapho lwam.
Izigidi zababukeli zaziva ngendlela efanayo ngaye.
MTM
Isigqeba sikamabonwakude uGrant Tinker ngo-2002.Ifoto nguVince Bucci / Getty Izithombe Ngelo xesha, i-MTM yayiyimboni yoshishino, ixabisa ngaphezu kweedola ezingama-20, kunye nee-comedies ezisibhozo kwimveliso. Kukhuthazwe kukuphakama kombhali kukaTinker, yaba yindawo apho wonke umntu kumabonwakude efuna ukusebenza. Umbhali uGary David Goldberg ushwankathele uluvo olukhoyo, ebiza iMTM Camelot yababhali. UGrant wenza ukuba wonke umntu adibana naye abe ngcono, utshilo kamva. Ngokukhawuleza i-MTM isuke ekubuyiseleni kwakhona umdlalo ohlekisayo ukuya kwidrama yenguqulelo, ukuqala nge-seminal NBC hit IHill Street Blues .
Kumabhaso kaEmmy awona maqhula abalaseleyo kunye nomdlalo weqonga ogqwesileyo ukusuka ngo-1971-1994 Iipesenti ezingama-50 waya kwimiboniso eveliswe yi-MTM okanye i-alumni yayo. Abasebenzi be-MTM bangaphambili babelawula iminyaka engamashumi amabini ezayo kumabonwakude kwimiboniso kubandakanya UCagney noLacey, Cheers, Ithemba laseChicago, uCosby, ER, amaqhina osapho, uFrazier, Abahlobo, iGold Girls, iMiami Vice, i-NYPD Blue, ngoMgqibelo ebusuku, iiSimpsons kwaye Amadoda amabini necala.
Umdibanisi kaMary uJames L. Brooks uqhubeke nokwenza umdlalo ohlekisayo Ikhebhu. Xa yayirhoxisiwe, watshintshela kwifilimu, apho avelisa khona, wayalela, kwaye wabhala i-Oscar ephumeleleyo Imigaqo yokuziQhelisa kwaye Iindaba zosasazo. Ngo-1987, wabuyela kwiTV kumnatha wesine osokolayo, eyalela ezinye iikhathuni ezivela kumzobi uMat Groening. I-FOX ibasongele kumdlalo wabo, oveliswe zii-Brooks. Ekugqibeleni yaba lelona hlazi libaleka ixesha elide— IiSimpson.
Kumanyano, Umboniso kaMary Tyler Moore iphefumlelwe isizukulwana esitsha sabadlali kunye nababhali. U-Oprah Winfrey uthe umboniso wawulukhanyiso ebomini bam, kwaye uMary wayengumkhweli wetreyini kwisizukulwana sam. Ungunobangela wokuba ndifune eyam inkampani yokuvelisa. Xa uMoore wanika uOprah inguqulelo kaMary owayengumfanekiso weplanga u-M wegolide u-O - Winfrey waba sisimumu, emva koko walila.
Moore wayengumdlali weqonga obalulekileyo wexesha lakhe. Umfazi owalayo isimemo sikaGloria Steinem sokujoyina umbutho wobufazi waphula imiqobo engaphezulu yabasetyhini amagcisa kunye nabalinganiswa kunalo naliphi na elinye ilizwe laseMelika ngexesha lakhe. Xa ebuzwa ukuba ufuna ukukhunjulwa njani, wathi: Njengomntu owayehlala efuna inyaniso, nokuba yayingahlekisi.
Ngo-1998, Ukuzonwabisa ngeveki igama Umboniso kaMary Tyler Moore umboniso weTV ohamba phambili ngalo lonke ixesha.
UGrant Tinker uqhubeke nokuqhuba i-NBC Ntathu amaxesha ahlukeneyo, ekugqibeleni athabathe inethiwekhi ukusuka # 3 ukuya # 1. Uhlonishwa ngabo babesebenza naye, ngakumbi ababhali abaninzi imisebenzi yakhe wayiqhubela phambili kulawulo. Xa umkhuseli uSteven Bochco wanikwa ithuba lokuqhuba uthungelwano, impendulo kaTinker yayiluphawu: Ngaba uyaphambana? Unomatshini wokubhala. Kutheni isihogo ungakhe ufune ukuqhuba inethiwekhi xa unako bhala ?
Ngokomlobi uBrett Martin, umbhali we-TV owayesakuba ngumlobi wakha wachaza imbali yosapho yeTV esemgangathweni. Emva kokuqala ezantsi nge ISopranos , Ucingo , kunye Indoda ephambene … Wakhawuleza wanyuka esiya phezulu, ehamba ngesigcawu esisasaza uqhagamshelo… Phezulu, yedwa, wabhala igama elinye ngoonobumba abakhulu: Grant Tinker.
UGrant Tinker usweleke nge-30 kaNovemba ngo-2016 eneminyaka engama-90 ubudala. Owayesakuba ngumfazi wakhe kunye nomyuziyam wasweleka emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, ngoJanuwari 25, 2017. Ngokudibeneyo, bawuphakamisa umgangatho wamabali exesha lethu. IViva MTM.
Amaxesha amabini ophumelele i-Emmy® Award USeth Shapiro ngumcebisi ophambili kwezintsha, imithombo yeendaba kunye netekhnoloji. Incwadi yakhe yokuqala, Umabonwakude: Ukuqanjwa kwezinto ezintsha, ukuphazamiseka, kunye neyona Namandla iphakathi yeHlabathi , yapapashwa ngoJulayi Ufundisa e-USC School of Cinematic Arts, yiRhuluneli kwiThevishini yezeMfundo, kwaye unokufikelela kuyo info@sethshapiro.com . Iziqwenga zakhe zangaphambili zeMbonisi zilapha.
