UMongameli John F. Kennedy ngo-1962.ICentral Press / i-Getty Izithombe Ngexesha apho ubudlelwane baseMelika neJamani kunye neNtshona Yurophu bakwinqanaba labo eliphantsi kwimemori yakutshanje, nge-26 kaJuni 2017 iya kuthatha intsingiselo ekhethekileyo. Kwakungo-Juni 26, 1963, xa ukungavisisani phakathi kwe-United States kunye no-Nikita Khrushchev weSoviet Union kwakusongela amazwe omabini, apho uMongameli uJohn F. Kennedy wahambisa intetho yakhe edumileyo ye-Ich bin ein yaseBerliner eqinisekisa ukuzibophelela kweMelika kukhuselo lweYurophu.
Kulo nyaka we-100 wokuzalwa kukaKennedy, intetho yakhe yaseBerlin Wall ingaphezulu nje komfuziselo wexesha apho bekukho isivumelwano ngokubanzi kwiiRiphabhlikhi kunye neeDemokhrasi kwiinjongo zomgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle waseMelika.
Intetho yaseBerlin Wall, eza ngexesha likaJuni wokugqibela wobongameli bukaKennedy, sisikhumbuzo sendlela ezopolitiko ezazingumbono wokuziphatha ngayo kuye nokonakalisa kwabo ukungabikho kwabo kubomi baseMelika namhlanje.
Intetho kaKennedy yayingumbulelo wakhe kwisikhundla seBerliners sokunyamezela ixesha apho iMfazwe ebandayo yabanqumayo kwilizwe labo kwaye ihlala izihlobo zabo. Ukuqina okunjalo kwinxalenye yeBerliners yayiliqhawe, uKennedy wanyanzelisa. Ngokuthi ndinguBerliner ngesiJamani endaweni yesiNgesi, uKennedy wayenza yacaca into yokuba wayejonge ubomi beBerliners ngamehlo abo.
Impendulo kaKennedy kuDonga lwaseBerlin yayihambelana nendlela yezopolitiko awayeyithathile ukusukela ekumiselweni kwakhe, xa wayephepha ukuqhayisa ngokuphumelela kwakhe kunyulo kwaye wathetha ngesizukulwana sakhe sonke esiza kwiminyaka yobudala siqhutywa yimfazwe kunye noxolo olunzima nolukrakra.
Iiveki phambi kwentetho yakhe yaseBerlin, uKennedy wayecebise umthetho wokuba emva kokusweleka kwakhe ibe nguMthetho wamaLungelo oLuntu ka-1964 ngokucela umngeni kwabamhlophe baseMelika ukuba bazibeke ezihlangwini zabantu abamnyama baseMelika.
Ukuba umntu waseMelika ngenxa yokuba ulusu lwakhe lumnyama akanakutya isidlo sasemini kwivenkile yokutyela evulelekileyo eluntwini, ukuba akakwazi ukuthumela abantwana bakhe kwizona zikolo zikarhulumente zifumanekayo, ukuba akakwazi ukuvota amagosa aseburhulumenteni ammeleyo, uKennedy ubuze kwilizwe lonke Idilesi yeTV, ngubani ke phakathi kwethu onokwaneliseka ukuba umbala wesikhumba atshintshe ame endaweni yakhe?
Oosopolitiki abancinci wayenokwaneliseka kukuxelela abaphulaphuli bakhe, ndiyayiva intlungu yakho. Endaweni yoko, uKennedy wabuza bonke abantu abamhlophe baseMelika ukuba bajonge umhlaba ngokwembono yabo abohlukileyo kubo kwaye babandezeleka kubuhlanga. Isenzo sakhe sokholo yayikukuba ukuba abamhlophe bathathe inyathelo elinje, bayakucelwa umngeni wokucinga ngokwahlukileyo.
Kusuku olungaphambi kwentetho yakhe yamaLungelo oLuntu, uKennedy wenza ibango elinzima nakwilizwe. Kwintetho yokuqalisa kwiYunivesithi yaseMelika eWashington, D.C., uKennedy wacela abantu baseMelika ukuba baphinde baqwalasele indlela abayijonga ngayo iSoviet Union ngaphandle kwemfazwe ebandayo ebangqongileyo.
Akukho rhulumente okanye inkqubo yentlalontle imbi kangangokuba abantu bayo mabathathwe njengabasweleyo, utshilo uKennedy. Yayinokwenzeka ukuba, wanyanzelisa, ukuba abuthiye ubukomanisi kodwa ayincome impumelelo yabantu baseRussia kwaye akhumbule ukubandezeleka kwabo kwiMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi xa babengamadlelane eMelika.
Iintetho ezintathu zikaJohnson zikaJohnson zahlawulwa, nangona wayephila ukubona inye kuphela eyazalisekayo. Ngelo hlobo i-United States, iSoviet Union, kunye neGreat Britain bathatha inyathelo lokuqala lokunciphisa ukungavisisani kweMfazwe ebandayo ngokusayina isivumelwano esichasene novavanyo lwenyukliya kwindawo engaphandle, phantsi kwamanzi kunye nomoya ojikeleze umhlaba. Kunyaka olandelayo, iCongress yapasisa uMthetho wamaLungelo oLuntu ka-1964. Ngo-1989, udonga lwaseBerlin lwadilizwa.
Ipolitiki kaKennedy yokucinga ngokuziphatha ibingeyiyo i-naïve, kwaye ngexesha apho sihlala sichanekile kwimeko yezopolitiko esicela ukuba sikhethe phakathi kokuba ngabaphumeleleyo okanye abalahlekileyo, umzekelo kaKennedy unika enye indlela yangoku ngaphandle kokufuna ukubuza ukuba kukho iJFK phakathi kwethu.
UNicolausIigayoUsihlalo wesebe loncwadi kwiKholeji yaseSarah Lawrence kwaye ngumbhali we Ukuphumelela uxolo: Isicwangciso seMarshall kunye neMelika yokuza kweminyaka njenge-Superpower.
