Inyaniso ilapha phandle.Ifoto: NOAA / Getty Izithombe Zininzi izazinzulu noosomajukujuku unayo ithelekisiwe ngobukho bobomi kwezinye iiplanethi. Kodwa kuthekani ukuba, ngelixa besixakekile sikhangela abaphambukeli, kodwa basijongile?
Leyo yingcamango kwiphepha elitsha elipapashwe kwiphephancwadi Izaziso zenyanga zoMbutho weRoyal Astronomical Society . Iqela leenzululwazi ezivela IYunivesithi yaseKumkanikazi iBelfast kwaye i IZiko leMax Planck loPhando lweNkqubo yeSola eJamani wafunda indlela ababukeli abangabaphambukeli abanokwazi ngayo ukufumanisa uMhlaba besebenzisa iindlela ezifanayo nezo ziqeshwe zizazinzulu zabantu.
Uphononongo lufumanise ukuba ubuncinci isithoba exoplanets , okanye iiplanethi ezingaphandle kwenkqubo yethu yelanga ezijikeleza iinkwenkwezi, zibekwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuze ziqwalasele ukuhamba komhlaba, okanye uguquko, olujikeleza ilanga. Ii-Exoplanets zibonakala kuphela xa zinqumla phambi kweenkwenkwezi ezibamba ilanga njengelanga-ukukhanya okuvela kwinkwenkwezi yeenkosi kuncipha kancinci, rhoqo, ngalo lonke ixesha iplanethi idlula.
Nangona kungekho nanye kwezi zijikelezi-langa enokuxhasa ubomi bomntu, abaphandi bafuna ukuqonda ukuba abo bantu bacingelwa ukuba bangasifunda njani isijikelezi-langa. Bafumanise ukuba iiplanethi zasemhlabeni (iMercury, iVenus, uMhlaba kunye neMars) zazinokubonwa ngakumbi kunezigebenga zegesi (iJupiter, iSaturn, iUranus neNeptune).
Iiplanethi ezinkulu ngokwendalo ziya kuthintela ukukhanya ngakumbi njengoko zidlula phambi kwenkwenkwezi yazo, uRobert Wells, umfundi we-PhD kwiYunivesithi yaseQueen yaseBelfast kunye nombhali ophambili wesifundo, ucacisile. kwingxelo . Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kukusondela kweplanethi kwinkwenkwezi yomzali. Kuba iiplanethi zasemhlabeni zisondele kakhulu elangeni kunezona zigebenga zerhasi, ziya kuba nakho ukubonwa xa zisendleleni.
Izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zigxile kumacala esibhakabhakeni apho abaphambukeli banokubona ngaphezulu kweplanethi enye ewela phambi kwelanga. Bafumanise ukuba akukho ngaphezulu kweeplanethi zomhlaba ezibonakala zihamba nangaliphi na ixesha, kwaye indibaniselwano yeeplanethi yahlukile.
Ukusuka kwimbono yeenkcukacha-manani, oko kuthetha ukuba umfokazi obekwe ngokungacwangciswanga uya kuba ne-1 kuma-40 (iipesenti ezi-2.518) zokujonga iplanethi enye yomhlaba. Amathuba okufumanisa iiplanethi ezimbini angangaphantsi kweshumi (0.229 pesenti) kwaye ukufumanisa kathathu kuya kuphindaphindwa kalishumi kuneli (iipesenti ezingama-0.027), utshilo uKatja Poppenhaeger, isazi ngeenkwenkwezi kwiYunivesithi yaseQueen yaseBelfast.
Ziyi-68 kuphela ezingama-3,667 ii-exoplanets ezifumanekileyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ezime kakuhle ukuze zikwazi ukubona iplanethi enye. Kwezi zilithoba, zibekwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuba zijonge uMhlaba-nangona kulusizi, akukho namnye kubo onokuxhasa ubomi basemhlabeni.
Onke amathemba asenokulahleka, nangona kunjalo. Iqela liqikelele ukuba ngokusekwe kulwabiwo lwangaphandle lwee exoplanets, kufanele kubekho ubuncinci behlabathi le-10 elinakho ukubhaqa kunye nokuxhasa ubomi babantu kwenye indawo kwiindawo ezinkulu ezingqonge isithuba. Banethemba lokuqinisekisa le hypothesis esekwe kwidatha evela kwi-NASA's Umsebenzi weK2 Okwangoku kuzingelwa i-exoplanet transits.
