Owayesakuba nguMongameli uBarack Obama.Ifoto nguScott Olson / Getty Izithombe Kuzo zonke iziphene zolawulo kunye nezokhuseleko, i-Arhente yoKhuseleko yeSizwe ihlala iyeyona nkonzo ibalulekileyo emhlabeni. Iimpawu zayo zobukrelekrele zifikelela kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye i-SIGINT yayo ekumgangatho ophezulu, unyaka nonyaka, iakhawunti yento enje ngeepesenti ezingama-80 zobukrelekrele obunokwenzeka kuLuntu lwethu loBuntlola. I-NSA, ebisandula ukubhiyozela i-65 yayothUmhla wokuzalwa, uhlala ungumqolo wokhuseleko lwaseNtshona, ikhaka lethu eliyimfihlo eliphambili ngokuchasene neentlola kunye nabanqolobi.
Akukho nxalenye incinci yempumelelo enokubangelwa yi-NSA yokusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo ubambiswano lwangaphandle. Unxibelelwano lwayo lwe-spy kunye nomhla we-Anglosphere ukuya kwiMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi kwaye babizwa ngokuba Amehlo amahlanu (e-USA, Australia, Canada, New Zealand nase-United Kingdom). Ngaphakathi kwi-NSA, olu manyano lubizwa ngokuba liQela lesiBini. Olu bambiswano lusondele kakhulu kangangokuba kungcono ukujonga ilungiselelo lamehlo amahlanu SIGINT njengenye yeenzame ze-espionage ezihlangeneyo ezigubungela umhlaba.
Nangona kunjalo, ezo ayizizo kuphela intsebenziswano zamanye amazwe ze-NSA. Iarhente iyakonwabela ukwabelana ngokwabelana ngengqondo kunye neenkonzo zokuhlola kwihlabathi liphela. Olunye lolu budlelwane, lubizwa ngokuba liqela lesithathu ngaphakathi kwenkqubo ye-SIGINT, umhla wokusekwa kwe-NSA kwi-1952, kwaye zonke zigutyungelwe yimfihlo. Kunqabile ukuba bakhankanywe kumajelo eendaba, njengoko ezinye zezi zixhumanisi ziyimfihlo zinobuzaza bezopolitiko.
Nangona kunjalo, enye ye-arhente yeQela loBambiswano le-arhente isandula ukuvela eluntwini ngendlela engazange ibonwe etshintsha kakhulu ingxoxo malunga ne-Russian shenanigans ngokuchasene nezopolitiko zethu kwi-2016 kunye nokunyulwa kuka-Mongameli uDonald Trump. Izolo, imihla ngemihla isiDatshi KwiVolkskrant ipapashiwe iakhawunti eneenkcukacha yemfihlo yemidlalo yokuhlola eyayiqhutywa yingqondi yaseNtshona ngokuchasene ne-Kremlin imigewu ekukhokeleni kunyulo lwethu lukamongameli. Ngokusekwe kwiiakhawunti zangaphakathi eUnited States naseNetherlands, eli nqaku liyinyani kuye nakubani na owaziyo ukuba ubudlelwane beNSA yeQela lisebenza njani.
Umxholo webali obalulekileyo ngokuthe ngqo-kwaye uyothusa. Ehlotyeni lika-2014, abahlaseli basebenzela i-300-Joint SIGINT Cyber Unit, enabasebenzi benkonzo yokhuseleko lwangaphakathi lwesiDatshi okanye i-AIVD kunye nenkonzo yezobuntlola yamajoni angaphandle okanye i-MIVD, ikwazile ukungena kwiCozy Bear. Eyaziwa njenge-APT29 kwimijikelezo yokuhlola, ukusukela ngo-2010 isithunzi esimnandi iBear iye yaphanga oorhulumente abaninzi baseNtshona kunye namashishini ngokuqhekeza. Ukungena ngokufihlakeleyo kwe-JSCU kwikomkhulu leCozy Bear embindini wedolophu yaseMoscow kwakumele ukuqhankqalaza okumangalisayo.
Abahlaseli baseDatshi babona yonke into ngaphakathi kwiCozy Bear, abathi bayivavanya ngokukhawuleza ukuba yayingaphambili kwiNkonzo yezeNtlalontle yaseRussia okanye i-SVR. Babeke esweni kungekuphela nje imisebenzi yeCozy Bear ngexesha lokwenyani, bade babukele nokuqhubeka kwabo ngokulawula iikhamera ngaphakathi kwiiofisi zabo. Into eyabonwa yiJSCU yayigweba iMoscow. Ngo-Novemba ka-2014, babona ukuba ii-Cozy Bear zisebenza ngokuqhekeza kwiinethiwekhi zekhompyuter zeSebe laseMelika.
AmaMelika kwafuneka axelelwe, kwaye iintlola zaseDatshi zakhawuleza zaqhagamshelana nommeli we-NSA e-The Hague. Amaqhina oMntu wesithathu aqala ukusebenza kwangoko. Okulandelayo, njengoko abahlaseli be-SVR balandela iSebe likaRhulumente, lachazwa ngu KwiVolkskrant :
Abantu baseRussia banengcwangu kakhulu kodwa abazi ukuba bayakhangelwa. Enkosi kwiintlola zaseDatshi, i-NSA kunye ne-FBI bayakwazi ukumelana notshaba ngesantya esikhulu. I-Intel ye-Dutch ibaluleke kakhulu ukuba i-NSA ivule ngokuthe ngqo iZoetermeer [ikomkhulu le-AIVD], ukufumana ulwazi e-United States ngokukhawuleza.
Vala ukusebenzisana kwe-NSA-JSCU emva kokuba iSebe likaRhulumente libambe ukujonga okuqhubekayo kwindlela i-SVR eyaphehlelela ngayo uhlaselo lwe-cyber emva kohlaselo lwe-cyber kumaziko aseMelika kwi-2014 nasemva kwayo. IWashington ibinombulelo kakhulu ngokuba ithumele ikeyiki kunye neentyatyambo kumaqabane abo amaDatshi. Nangona kunjalo, oku kujongwa ngokufihlakeleyo kwimisebenzi yeCozy Bear kuthetha ukuba ubukrelekrele baseNtshona babenefestile ecacileyo, kunye nexesha lokwenyani kwizinto ezazisenziwa ngabaphangi baseKremlin, umzekelo, xa beba ii-imeyile zeKomiti yeSizwe yeDemokhrasi ngentwasahlobo ka-2016. Ezo yayizezinye ii-imeyile ezenze umonakalo omkhulu kugqatso lukaMongameli lukaHillary Clinton xa I-WikiLeaks yazithumela kwi-Intanethi kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva .
I-NSA isebenzise ubukrelekrele baseDatshi ukufumana ukufikelela nzulu kwinto amagosa e-SVR aye kuyo kwi-SpyWar yabo ngokuchasene neMelika. Njengoko KwiVolkskrant yathi:
Ekupheleni konyaka we-2015, abahlaseli be-NSA bayakwazi ukungena kwezixhobo zeselfowuni zamagosa aphezulu abukrelekrele baseRussia. Bafunda ukuba kanye phambi kohlaselo lokuhlaselwa, amaRashiya akhangela kwi-intanethi ngazo naziphi na iindaba malunga nokuhlaselwa okuzayo. Ngokwabantu baseMelika, oku ngokungangqalanga kubonisa ukuba urhulumente waseRussia uyabandakanyeka kwiihacks.
Oku kuthetha ukuba i-Washington eyimfihlo kakhulu yayinolwazi oluneenkcukacha ngee-Kremlin hacks zelizwe lethu njengoko zisenzeka. Kutheni le nto ulawulo luka-Obama lwenze okuncinci kakhulu ukumelana nale misebenzi imbi-umbuzo osokolisayo okhe wema njengoko ubugqwetha baseRussia ngokuchasene nokhetho lwethu luka-2016 buye bacaca gca-ngoku kufuneka iphendulwe ukuba sinethemba lokuthintela ikremlin hacks zedemokhrasi yethu. .
Ukohlwaywa kuka-Mongameli u-Barack Obama malunga nokuvuma-kakhulu ukujongana-ne-Russian espionage kunye ne-propaganda ngumba werekhodi . Kutheni le nto i-White House ka-Obama ivale iinzame ezincinci zeSebe likaRhulumente zokulwa ne-Kremlin ezilele izixhobo ngasekupheleni kuka-2015 khange zichazwe ngokufanelekileyo. Ngoku, iCongress kufuneka ibuze ukuba kutheni abaphathi bangaphambili bengenzi kangako ukukhusela idemokhrasi yethu kubugqwirha baseRussia kunye nokubhukuqa-ukungasebenzi okwenze umonakalo omkhulu kwiqela lika-Obama.
Ngexesha lokugqibela, abakhuseli baka-Obama baqalisile ukujongana nalo mbandela wamaqhina. Kule veki, owayesakuba nguSekela Mongameli uJoe Biden ucacisile kukuba zonke iziphoso zeRiphabhlikhi ngokuchaza ukuba, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa phambi konyulo luka-2016, uMitch McConnell, oyiriphabliki ephezulu kwiNdlu yeeNgwevu, wabetha ngamatye iinzame zeNdlu yeWhite House ukuze benze impendulo ethandabuzekayo kuhlaselo lwaseRussia. Oko ngokungathandabuzekiyo kufanelekile ukuba kwenziwe uphando ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ingaba uMcConnell wayezimisele kusini na ukuba ibe yeyakhe okanye yayiyinxalenye.
Nangona kunjalo, ayenzi nto ukuchaza ukuba kutheni ulawulo luka-Obama lwenzile kancinci ukuba akukho nto lwenzelwe lona iminyaka emibini Phambi konyulo luka-2016, ngaphandle kokuba nolwazi olunzulu malunga nomzamo ofihlakeleyo waseKremlin wokuhlasela idemokhrasi. Oko kusilela kubi kuphela kwisebe elilawulayo kwaye kufuna ingcaciso. Ngosuku ngalunye oludlulayo, ukungaphenduli kolawulo luka-Obama kuVladimir Putin's SpyWar ngokuchasene neMelika kujongeka ngokungathi kukubaleka kuhlaselo lwango-9/11, xa izilumkiso eziphindaphindiweyo zezobuntlola zazingakhathalelwanga ngabenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo ababethabathela kwiminqweno yokucinga kude kufike intlekele. ICongress kufuneka ifumanise ukuba kwenzeke ntoni apha ukuze ingaphindi yenzeke.
Sinombulelo ongazenzisiyo waseDatshi ngomsebenzi wabo wobukrelekrele obalaseleyo ngokuchasene neCozy Bear. Oku kukubuyiselwa kweentlobo kubemi base-Dutch abangama-193 ababulawa yi-Kremlin ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi 2014, xa iMalaysian Airlines Flight 17 yaqhushumba esibhakabhakeni kwimpuma ye-Ukraine ngumjukujelwa waseRussia. Ngaphaya koko, intsebenziswano ye-JSCU-NSA ngokuchasene neCozy Bear ibonisa amandla anomdla wobukrelekrele baseNtshona ngokuchasene neyona nto kujoliswe kuyo.
Ukufikelela ngokufihlakeleyo kwe-Dutch kwi-Cozy Bear kwakulahlekile xa i-SVR yenze uhlaziyo lwe-cyber, njengesiqhelo kwilizwe lobuntlola, kodwa hayi ngaphambi kokuba ubuchwephesha bokukhohlisa amaqhinga angcolileyo e-Intanethi kwi-Intanethi atyhilwe kubukrelekrele baseNtshona. Iintlola zaseDatshi azonelisekanga kwaphela yiWashington, nangona kunjalo, zivakalelwa kukuba ubukrelekrele baseMelika buthethe ngokukhululekileyo malunga nempumelelo yeJSCU-enokuthi ibeke emngciphekweni imisebenzi yeentlola. Ngapha koko, ubukrelekrele baseDatshi bunamathandabuzo malunga noMongameli uDonald Trump, esoyika amaqhina akhe kwiKremlin, kwaye kwezi ntsuku bayathandabuza ukwabelana ngeemfihlo zabo ezixabisekileyo nabantu baseMelika.
Iintlola zaseDatshi azisodwa apho. Kunyaka ophelileyo, uninzi lwamaqabane ethu asondele kwezobuntlola aphesheya abambe ulwazi oluhlelweyo oluvela eWashington ngenxa yokoyika ukuhamba kwiWhite House ukuya eMoscow. UTrump kufuneka akhathazeke KwiVolkskrant Ingxelo nayo, ngakumbi ukukhankanywa kokufikelela kwe-NSA kwiifowuni eziphathwayo zamagosa aphezulu eSVR. Abahlobo bam abakwintengiso yeentlola bandixelele ukuba le nkqubo iqhubekile yangena kwi-2016 kwaye ibandakanya ii-intercepts ezixhalabisayo malunga nomkhankaso weTrump kunye nobudlelwane bawo obuyimfihlo eMoscow. Ekugqibeleni loo nto, nayo, iya kuthi ivezwe kumajelo eendaba, kanye njengokuba le mpumelelo yase-Dutch espionage yayile veki.
UJohn Schindler yingcali yezokhuseleko kunye nowayesakuba ngumhlalutyi weArhente yoKhuseleko kuZwelonke kunye negosa lobukrelekrele. Funda i-bio yakhe epheleleyo apha.
