Isihogo kwiivili: Dibana noMillionaire wokuqala wooMoto ukuThoba uMhambi ngeenyawo

UMoya oMhlophe (ifoto ngoncedo lwevanderbiltcupraces.com).

Ukutsalela umnxeba ukusweleka kwabahambi ngenyawo nokwenzakala kuthintelwe ngokulula, icebo likaSodolophu uBill de Blasio's Vision Zero lisike umda wesantya esingagqibekanga saseNew York ukusuka kwi-30 yeekhilomitha ngeyure ukuya kwi-25. Ukuphelisa konke ukubhubha kwezithuthi kwisithuba seminyaka esibhozo, ikwaqalise nezohlwayo eziqatha zokubalekisa.

Sele linyathelo elinye losodolophu elibonakala ngathi liyaphumelela. Ukusweleka kwabahambi ngeenyawo esixekweni kuye kwehla kwimbali. Bali-132 kuphela abahamba ngeenyawo abasweleke ngo-2015.

Ngokuqinisekileyo iNew York iye yakhanyiselwa yaphuculwa kwiminyaka eli-114 okokoko imoto yokuqala yabanini yabetha yabulala umntu (iteksi yabulala umntu owayehamba ngeenyawo ngo-1899).

Kwakungekho khompyuter ngelo xesha kwaye indlela engaphantsi komhlaba ye-IRT yayisekwiminyaka emibini kude. Kwakukho iimoto ukuze uqiniseke. Phantse zonke zazinabanini bezityebi ezibalaseleyo, kodwa bezanele ngokwaneleyo izitrato ezibonisa apho izinto zisingise khona. Ngokuqinisekileyo, sele kukho intengiso yezithuthi. Kwaye, abantu babulawa ngexesha leyure engxamisekileyo. Babulawa ngamahashe!

Ukuqonda ukuba babenzani abantu ababhubhe ngaphambili kwezithuthi, masibuyele emva ku-1880, ishumi leminyaka ngaphambi kokuba kungeniswe iimoto. Emva koko, iManhattan yayisisixeko. Ngabemi abayi-1,206, abangama-299, yayisesona sixeko sikhulu emhlabeni. Owesithathu ngobukhulu yayinguBrooklyn, umasipala owahlukileyo wama-566, 663. Enika ingxelo ngokusweleka okungaqhelekanga, umphenyi weengxelo wafumanisa ukuba, ngaphandle kwezifo, bekukho abantu abali-1,068 abasweleyo ngo-1879. iinqwelo-mafutha noololiwe neenqwelo-mafutha ezirhuqwa ngamahashe zawisa i-32. Iinqwelo-mafutha ezisebenza ngesantya esiphezulu zaye zabulala abantu abangama-22, ngelixa inani elaligqithiswa ngoololiwe abaphezulu, lalili-11. Ukukhumbula ezi zibalo, kubalulekile ukugcina engqondweni ukuba isixeko sikhulu kangakanani ngoku , phantse phantse izihlandlo ezisibhozo kunabemi baseNew York.

Nge-12 kaFebruwari, 1902, oosozigidi abaninzi abanjengoWilliam K. Vanderbilt, Omnci babezinikezela kwiimoto ezikhawulezayo njengokuba bebehamba ngokukhawuleza amahashe. Ukuququzelela umdyarho wokuqala wezithuthi, i-Vanderbilt Cup ngo-1904, sele ikho ngo-1900, wayengenise imoto ekhenkethayo eyi- $ 10,000 yeetoni ezintathu. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-'White Ghost, 'umniniyo wayibaleka kumkhondo kunye nokucima. Kwahlekiswa ukuba kwimayile nganye ehamba ngemoto yakhe emhlophe, uVanderbilt wachitha i $ 50 kwizohlwayo zodwa.

U-Edward Russell Thomas kunye noVanderbilt babengama-chums. Unyana woManyano jikelele uSamuel Thomas, uzuze njengelifa ingxowa mali yetrasti enengeniso yonyaka eyi- $ 150,000. Nokuba usebenza eWall Street, eqhuba oololiwe, ethenga iphephandaba lomdyarho okanye edibanisa isitalato esineempawu ezipheleleyo, i-6'2 '' yaseYale ibonakale iphuma empumelelweni iye empumelelweni. Kwiminyaka engama-27 wayesandula ukunyulwa njengomongameli webhanki omncinci waseNew York. Ngenxa yokutshata nge-29 kaJuni, ngo-1901, ukungahambi kakuhle kwempahla ye-7 yeBhanki kaZwelonke, kwenza uThomas watshintsha izicwangciso zakhe, wafaka ikhetshana lakhe elineminyaka eli-17 ubudala iiveki ezintathu, wamcela ukuba eze eNew York eze kutshata.

UThomas,isekethe 1912. (Umfanekiso wePaspoti ngoncedo lwee-archives.gov.).

Umfazi ozayo womqambi uCole Porter, uLinda Lee wayevela kusapho olukumgangatho ophezulu ophakathi we-genteel eLouisville Kentucky. Kunye nemigca engafumanekiyo kaGrace Kelly, wayeyinzwakazi ebukekayo. Iireferensi ezininzi zithi umtshato wakhe noThomas wenzeka eNewport, eRhode Island. Endaweni yokuba umanyano lubotshelelwe kwigumbi lokuhlala u-anti wakhe, e-20 Morningside Avenue.

Emva kokuba etshatile, uThomas wayehlala ubomi obutofotofo, enezindlu ePalm Beach, naseNewport ngaphandle kwesixeko. Kwathiwa ivenkile eyayithandwa kakhulu nguNkosazana Thomas yayiyiCartier.

Ukuthenga i-White Ghost kuWillie K. Vanderbilt, nasemva kokuba uE. R. Thomas ewupende umbala obomvu ogqamileyo, wagcina igama elidumileyo. Akukho mntu wamangaliswayo kukufunda, ukuba uqhuba kanjani nabahlobo, kude nasekhaya kwisitalato i-57th kufutshane ne-5th Avenue, uThomas waya ngendlela yakhe emantla. I-Convent Avenue, yabizwa ngokuba yi-Madames ye-Sacred Heart, ababeqhuba isikolo sokugqiba kunye nekholeji yabasetyhini apho. Ukwandiswa ukusuka kwi-126 ukuya kwi-152 yeendlela, ezigqitywe ngeebhloko ezenziwe ngomthi, kwakuyindawo yokubaleka ethandwayo yamadoda anamandla aneemoto ezinamandla.

Amanye amangqina abala ukuba uTomas wayebetha ngeekhilomitha ezingama-40 ngeyure ngo-1: 45 ngoFebruwari 12, 1902. Kulapho i-White Ghost yatyumza ubomi ngaphandle kuka-Henry Theiss oneminyaka esi-7 ubudala. Wayekade edlala endleleni nabahlobo. Ukuva ukukhala kwexilongo, abanye bathi saa ngokukhawuleza. Kwinkundla, uThomas kunye noogxa bakhe banyanzelisa, uTheiss oselula ngokungacacanga wagijimela emotweni. Into engachazwanga, sisantya esityholwayo abavuma kuso, i-14-16 mph, ngeenxa zombini umda we-8 mph yesixeko ngelo xesha. UmRoma Katolika, ulutsha lwabethwa ngaphandle nje kwebhlokile ye-Sacred Heart nunnery. Njengokuphawulwa ngokungacimekiyo kuKristu, kwimpembelelo yempembelelo, imbasa yezenkolo uHenry Theiss wayeyinxibile yangena kwinyama ethambileyo yesisu sakhe.

Intsapho yakhe yayihlala kufutshane kwindawo yesibhozo yeAvenue. Utata wakhe wayefumana i-1.00 yeedola ngemini njengomsebenzi osisiqwenga owazenzela imiphetho yeencwadi. Xa uTomas ekugqibeleni wagwetywa, utata kaHenry oswelekileyo, uFrank P. Theiss, wamangalela i $ 25,000.00 ngelahleko yakhe. Ukuvumelana noThomas, ukuba le mali ibigqithile, inkundla yanikezela nge-3,125.00 yeedola.

Ngelixa wayegcinwe kwisikhululo samapolisa esikwisitalato i-125 emva ‘kwengozi,’ uThomas wafunga ukuba ngekhe aphinde akhwele emotweni kwakhona. Khange asigcine isithembiso sakhe. Emva kwethutyana, wathumela i-White Ghost phesheya ukutyelela i-Itali esemaZantsi, apho wabulala khona umfazi 'ongumlimi' apho, umama wabantwana abathathu. Ngaphandle kokuma, wakhawuleza waya eParis.

Umhlobo wam oneminyaka engama-90 ubudala waseNewport, u-Eileen Slocum, wayemazi uLinda Lee, xa wayenguNkosikazi Cole Porter (uLee waqhawula uTomas ngo-1912). Kwakungekho ukuba umyeni wakhe wokuqala wayengumqhubi ombi, UNks Slocum ukhumbule ukuba uLinda wayemxelele. Kodwa akuba elumkise omnye, ebetha isigodlo sakhe, wala kwaphela ukuyeka!

UNksk. Slocum uqhubeke nokucinga malunga nokuphulukana nezigidi ngexesha lengozi ngo-1907, ephula idolo kwaye esiba sisiqhwala oogqirha bafuna ukunqunyulwa umlenze, kwaye ukuqhawulwa umtshato nguLinda, owokuqala kubafazi bakhe abathathu, kungenzeka ukuba yayiyindlela ethile ikarma kaTomas? Usozigidi owayeqhuba ngokungakhathali naye wasweleka esemncinci eneminyaka engama-60, watsho.

ULinda Lee Thomas (Ifoto ngoncedo lwe-MH Adams).

Kum, umntu ohlala kanye kwindawo apho wabulawelwa khona uHenry Theiss, umlinganiso ophum 'izandla wobulungisa kuThomas weza ngaphambili kunokusweleka kwakhe ngo-1926. Kwenzeka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokuba etshabalalise ubomi benkwenkwana, entsha iMercedes Benz (wakhe waxelela intatheli Kutheni le nto iMercedes yam ingakwazi ukudlula i-90 mph, ukuba ndiya kwi-10 mph kuphela?).

Eqhutywa ngumqhubi wenqwelo-mafutha, nabahlobo kunye nenkosikazi yakhe, phakathi kwe-2 neye-3 iAvenues, kwisitalato i-44, ihlokondiba, lamakhwenkwe nabafana abali-100 beza. Bekhwaza izithuko, baphosa amatye kunye neminye imijukujelwa kubahlali bemoto. Watshayisa entanyeni wopha, uNkskz Thomas wawa isiqaqa.

Ukuphulukana nomntwana wakho okanye umhlobo, ungakulangazelela kangakanani ukuqhankqalaza, ukuziphindezela. Kodwa nangona uqondwa, ubundlobongela buhlala buziindlela ezilusizi. UHenry Theiss wayengaziwa ngabantu abahlala ematyotyombeni behlasela uEdward Thomas kunye nepati yakhe. Ukanti bayayixabisa indlela umfana awayefana ngayo nabo. Omabini amaxhoba ahlwempuzekileyo kaThomas athathelwa ingqalelo njengonokusetyenziswa kwinkulungwane eyadlulayo. Namhlanje, eNew York, yintoni eyenza imvukelo inqabile njengoko injalo, kukuba ayifane ibizelwe njalo. Nokuba umntu unelungelo elingakanani, hayi usodolophu, okanye nabani na ongomnye namhlanje, ongasayi kuxolela ukuzikhukhumalisa kwabantu abanjengoEdward Russell Thomas: ababulali abanamagazi abandayo, abanyanzelwe ukuba bazive abanye kwaye bexhobile kwaye benobungozi, neemoto.

UMichael UHenry Adams’sIincwadi zibandakanya IHarlem, elahlekileyo kunye neFunyenweyo; Imbali yoyilo kunye nezeNtlalo , kunye Uhlobo nesisa; Abantu baseMelika baseKhaya . Okwangoku usemsebenzini kokuzayo UHomo Harlem, ingxelo yeLesbian kunye neGay Life kwiNkcubeko ye-Afrika yaseMelika, ngo-1915-1995 .