Inkcazo yodidi oluphakathi ihlala ijikeleza kwingeniso yekhaya eliphakathi.UJose Moreno / Unsplash Ukuba ubuza umntu ongahleliyo esitratweni- Ngaba ucinga ukuba ungowodidi oluphakathi? -Ngokungakhathaleli imeko yomntu kwezentlalo nezoqoqosho, impendulo ithi ewe.
Ngokwe-poll ka-2015 ngo IZiko loPhando lwePew , Abantu abazichonga njengodidi oluphakathi ukusuka kwabo benza ngaphantsi kwama-30,000 eedola ngonyaka (umvuzo wekhaya) kwabo benza ngaphezulu kwe- $ 100,000.
Umzekelo, iipesenti ezingama-34 zabaphenduli abanengeniso yekhaya engaphantsi kweedola ezingama-30,000 bazichaza njengabakumgangatho ophakathi, ngelixa iipesenti ezingama-51 zabo bafumana ngaphezulu kwe- $ 100,000 bathi bakudidi oluphakathi. (Kuphela ziipesenti ezintandathu ze- $ 100,000 + yeqela eliziqondakalisayo njengodidi oluphezulu.)
Kodwa, abanakuba bonke bakudidi oluphakathi… akunjalo?
Kule meko, ayilotyala labo, kuba abantu abayila ezi khweshine khange bafikelele kwisivumelwano malunga nokuba kuthetha ukuthini udidi oluphakathi phakathi kwabo.
Abaphengululi abasebenza kumacandelo ahlukeneyo beza kulo mbuzo wenkcazo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. Iingcali kwezentlalo zihlala zigxininisa imeko yomsebenzi kunye / okanye imfundo. Iingcali zefilosofi kunye ne-anthropologists zihlala zigxila kwinkcubeko, kwimfundo nakwigunya. I-economists ubukhulu becala ixhomekeke kwiingcaciso ezinxulumene nobutyebi okanye umvuzo, abaphengululi beBrookings Institute babhale kuyo iphepha ipapashwe kule veki.
Phakathi kwezoqoqosho kuphela, izimvo zazo zikhankanywe kakhulu kwiingxoxo malunga nabakumgangatho ophakathi, kukho ubuncinci iinkcazo ezili-12 ezahlukeneyo , iphepha liphawule. Xa zonke iinkcazo ezili-12 ziqwalaselwa, ngaphezu kweepesenti ezingama-90 zabantu base-US baya kufaneleka njengabaphakathi.
Umzekelo, isazi ngezoqoqosho ePrinceton u-Alan Krueger (owayesakuba ngumcebisi ngezoqoqosho kuMongameli u-Obama) uchaza abakumgangatho ophakathi njengalowo unengeniso yomzi ukusuka kwisiqingatha ukuya kwiipesenti ezili-150 zengeniso yesizwe; esinye isazi ngezoqoqosho esaziwa kakhulu, uLester C. Thurow we-MIT, ubeka uluhlu oluncinci kakhulu lwe-75 ukuya kwi-125 yepesenti yomvuzo ophakathi; iZiko loPhando lasePew, nangona kunjalo, libeka uluhlu oluphezulu kancinci kuneKrueger, ukusuka kwisibini kwisithathu ukuya kumvuzo ophakathi welizwe.
(Ingeniso yekhaya yamaMedian eMelika ime kwi- $ 59,039 ukusukela ngo-2016, ngokweDatha yobalo.)
Kukho amanqanaba amaninzi, kuxhomekeke kwiinjongo zophando lwezoqoqosho. Kodwa, nangoluhlu olunye lwengeniso esisigxina, izinto eziguquguqukayo, ezinje ngobukhulu bendlu, zinokubangela iziphumo ezahluka-hlukeneyo.
Inkcazo yePew, Kreuger kunye neThurow inokubonakala ngathi iyafana, kodwa bathimba izilayi ezahlukeneyo zabemi. Udidi oluphakathi lunokubandakanya amakhaya enza imali encinci njenge- $ 35,000 okanye kangange- $ 139,000 kumakhaya amathathu afanayo kwaye afaka phakathi kwe-23 kunye ne-48 yepesenti yamakhaya, abaphengululi beBrookings balumkisile.
Enye indlela eqhelekileyo yokulinganisa ukwabiwa kwengeniso, endaweni yamanani athile. Umzekelo, ezinye iingcali zezoqoqosho zijonga iipesenti ezingama-60 zayo yonke imizi (eya kuthi ibhatale uluhlu lwengeniso ukusuka kwi- $ 30,000 ukuya kwi- $ 130,000) njengodidi oluphakathi.
Xa ii-angles zentlalo kunye nefilosofi zidlala, inkcazo iba mfiliba ngakumbi.
Kuphando olucela abantu ukuba bazichonge njengodidi oluphakathi, umzekelo, iziphumo ziyahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeka kwindlela owubeka ngayo umbuzo. Ukuba isaveyi inika abaphenduli iindlela ezintathu (ukusebenza, umgangatho ophakathi kunye nomgangatho ophezulu), ngelixa enye inika iindlela ezine (ukusebenza, phakathi, phezulu-phakathi nakudidi oluphezulu), abantu abaninzi baya kuzazisa njengabasebenzi kuhlolo lokuqala, Isifundo seBrookings sifunyenwe.
Ezi nkcazo ziya kuthi ngokuqinisekileyo zidibane kwaye zomelezelane, ababhali babhala. Amanqanaba emfundo, umzekelo, ahambelana kakhulu nengeniso (ngengeniso), kwaye esiba njalo ngakumbi. Abantu abenza imisebenzi benenqanaba elithile lentlalontle kunokwenzeka ukuba bazichaze njengodidi oluphakathi. Ukufuna iikholeji okanye ukuba nesimo sengqondo sokugcina imali kunokukhokelela kwibhalansi enkulu yebhanki, njalo njalo.
