Eyona Umntu / John-F-Kennedy I-Camelot kaJFK yayiyinyani

I-Camelot kaJFK yayiyinyani

Yeyiphi Imovie Ukubona?
 
UMongameli uJohn F. Kennedy uhleka ngexesha lenkomfa yeendaba ngo-Agasti 9, 1963. (Ifoto: Uvimba weSizwe / Abenzi beendaba)



Ngexesha kwimbali yaseMelika xa oomongameli ababini bokugqibela abamele amaqela omabini ezopolitiko bahlupheke kakhulu, kwaye ukungavunyelwa kweCongress kufikelele kwinqanaba eliphantse alacingelwa malunga neekota ezintathu zelizwe ngokweZopolitiko eziCacileyo, uJohn F. Kennedy uhlala yathandwa ngokubanzi kwaye yamkelwa ngabantu baseMelika.

Ekupheleni kuka-2013 uGallup wenza uphando olumangalisayo lokuthandwa kukamongameli. Ngelixa kusoloko kusithiwa ukunyuka kuka-Mongameli kuphakama emva kokuba oomongameli beshiye i-ofisi, uGallup wahlalutya ukuvota kwiintsuku ezili-1 000 uKennedy wayengumongameli kwaye wafumanisa ukuba ngelo xesha, ngelixa wayehlala e-ofisini, inani eliphakathi lamaMelika abakholelwa ukuba uKennedy ubalasele. okanye ngaphezulu komongameli ophakathi-ngelixa wayekhonza nangaphambi kokuba abulawe-wayeneminyaka engama-74 eepesenti. UGallup ukwafumanise ukuba inqanaba lokuvunywa elisezantsi likaKennedy ngelixa wayengumongameli lalingama-58 eepesenti, inani elinokuba ngumona kuye nawuphi na umongameli namhlanje.

Abezopolitiko namhlanje banokuzibuza: Yeyiphi eyona nto ibangela umlingo wokuthandwa kukaKennedy ngelixa wayese-ofisini, eqhubeka nanamhlanje?

Phantse konke ukuvota kuka-Mongameli kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo kufumanise ukuba uKennedy wayehlala engoyena Mongameli uthandwayo ukusukela oko uFranklin Roosevelt eneyona milinganiselo yakhe yokuthandwa ngabantu abancinci, ababengaphili ngelixa uKennedy wayengumongameli.

Abezopolitiko namhlanje banokuzibuza: Yeyiphi eyona nto ibangela umlingo wokuthandwa kukaKennedy ngelixa wayese-ofisini, eqhubeka nanamhlanje?

Nantsi impendulo endiyicebisayo:

Xa ndandingumfana oselula owafika eWashington ngee-1970 kwaye ndisebenza njengomncedisi wezopolitiko omncinci kubasebenzi beDemocratic Senator uBirch Bayh, abaphathi bam abaninzi babesakuba ngabancedisi bakaJohn noRobert Kennedy. Ukuhamba kwexesha rhoqo ngolwesiHlanu emva kwemini babezakundisa kwihotele yakudala iMayflower apho uKenny O'Donnell, umhlobo osenyongweni kunye nomncedisi omkhulu kuJack noBobby, babezakubamba inkundla babalise amabali malunga neminyaka yeKennedy.

Ndiphilela loo mvakwemini yangolwesiHlanu, ndicofa ibourbon ndimncinci kakhulu ukuba ndingasela kwaye nditshaye icuba ndandimncinci kakhulu ukuba ndingatshaya kwaye ndimamele uKenny esixelela ngethemba nangamaphupha awawabelana noJack noBobby xa bema kunye embindini wamandla kwiNdlu yeWhite House. Njengomntu osazibiza ngokuba yiKennedy Democrat namhlanje ndikhumbula ngokucacileyo izinto ezininzi uKenny asixelele zona.

Ndingoyena mntu mncinci kwigumbi ngokude, kwaye ngenye imva kwemini ndabuza uKenny ukuba angamcebisa athini umntu oqala nje kwezopolitiko. Uye wacinga okwexeshana kwaye wathi:

Nyana, bekukho iintsasa xa sifika emsebenzini kwangethuba kwaye mna noJack noBobby sasihlala kwiOval Office sithethe ngendlela esingaliguqula ngayo ihlabathi ngalo mini.

Benza njalo.

Esi sisiseko sempendulo kumbuzo wokuba kutheni umlingo wesibheno sikaKennedy unyamezele ngamandla kangangexesha elide:

Uninzi lwabantu baseMelika bakholelwa ngexa uKennedy ebengumongameli, kwaye bayaqhubeka nokukholelwa namhlanje, ukuba i-JFK ibandakanya ipolitiki yokucinga kunye nomnqweno apho abo bakhokelayo kunye nabo balandelayo kufuneka basebenze ukwenza ezopolitiko umsebenzi oqaqambileyo kwaye benze umhlaba ube yindawo engcono. UKennedy uqale wenza igama lakhe njengegorha lomlo kwinkonzo yaseMelika kwaye njengenkokeli wanikela ngento awayeyibiza ngokuba ngumceli mngeni hayi nje iseti yezithembiso, nasemva kokuba ebuze abantu baseMelika ngento esinokuyenza kwilizwe lethu I-Peace Corps kunye ne-Alliance for Progress kunye nezinye izindululo ezihlawule imali encinci ukunika amaMelika ithuba lokwenza into elungileyo kwilizwe labo nakwihlabathi.

Ngeendlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ezazibizwa ngokuba yiCamelot ziyinyani. Uye waphefumlela isizukulwana sasemva kwemfazwe esabuya kwiMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi ukungena kwezopolitiko njengeendlela zokuphucula iMelika. Wabakhuthaza abantu abatsha ukuba bancede abahluphekileyo emakhaya ngokusebenzela ukubaphakamisa kwimimandla ethwaxwa yintlupheko yesizwe, kwaye wabaphefumlela ukuba baphucule umhlaba ngokukhonza kwi-Peace Corps, kwaye wabakhuthaza ukuba babe yinxalenye yesizathu esingaphezulu ngokwabo ngokukhusela ukhuseleko lwethu emkhosini okanye ukuphupha ngokubhabha emajukujukwini njengoosomajukujuku neflegi yaseMelika emagxeni eesuti zabo.

Umlingo kaKennedy yayingeyiyo into asithembise yona, kodwa yile nto ayifunayo kuthi. Isizukulwana esipheleleyo sabaseMelika baseMelika bayo yonke iminyaka baphefumlelwa ukuba basebenze kwinkonzo kawonkewonke -njengoko abanye besenza nanamhlanje- ukuthanda kwakhe ubuzwe ngenkonzo.

Ungandivi kakubi. Ukusukela ngeentsuku zam zangoLwesihlanu emva kwemini noKenny O'Donnell kude kube ziindaba ezikula maphepha okusa, bendisazi kwaye ndisebenza nabantu abaninzi abamagama abo uyawazi. Bonke bangabantu bokwenene, abangafezekanga emehlweni kaThixo, nabaneziphene ngeendlela ezininzi. Xa behleli kwindlu yangasese badiliza iblukhwe-okanye iibhulukhwe zabo-ngendlela efanayo nathi. Benza iimpazamo, ngamanye amaxesha benza izinto ezingalunganga, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha bajija indlela yamadoda amakhulu-nabafazi abakhulu-njengathi sonke.

UJohn Kennedy wayengenguye owahlukileyo. Wayengengcwele; wayengumntu.

Kodwa ngeendlela ezenza amadoda amakhulu ukuba abe makhulu, i-JFK yayihluke ngokungachazekiyo ngokwemigangatho yezopolitiko zaseMelika. Oko uKenny andixelele kona kuyinyani: UJFK uvuke kusasa ecinga ngeendlela anokutshintsha ngalo ilizwe. Kwaye wayehlala esenza njalo.

UKenny ukhe wasixelela malunga nendlela yena, uJack noBobby abaxoxisana ngayo malunga nendlela emalunga namalungelo oluntu. Abantu bahlala belibala ukuba ngexesha lika-1950 uMartin Luther King wayenguRiphabliki. Uninzi lwamazwe afunekayo ukunika naliphi na i-Democrat uninzi lweevoti kunyulo lwephulo lika-Mongameli lwahlula-hlula amazwe aseMazantsi anyule abalawuli bohlanga beDemokhrasi ngelixa abamnyama bebethwa, betyakatywa kwaye bebulawa.

UKennedy wayengenguye oyintshatsheli yokuqala yamalungelo oluntu. Njengomntu osisityebi omhlophe ongumIreland owayebazi ubungozi bezopolitiko bamalungelo oluntu wamkela unobangela kancinci. Kodwa njengokuba wayekhula esiya kubongameli kwaye wabona abantu abamnyama bebulawa ezicaweni kwaye benqatshelwa ukungena ezikolweni ngoorhulumente beDemokhrasi abanobuhlanga abavimbe iingcango zesikolo, uKennedy weza kwabelana ngomsindo kaKing.

UJack, uBobby noKenny babesazi kakuhle ukuba umongameli owaba ndlongondlongo malunga namalungelo oluntu wayenokuphulukana nala mazwe akuMazantsi kwaye angalelwa kunyulwa kwakhona ngo-1964. Bawazi ngokupheleleyo umngcipheko, bawuthatha, naxa uKennedy waba ngumongameli wokuqala wokuqhubeka. umabonwakude wesizwe kwaye bathi ubuhlanga nocalucalulo ziziphoso zokuziphatha ebekufanele ukuba zilungisiwe babeka imikhosi evulekileyo eyatshintsha umhlaba.

Bangaphi abezopolitiko namhlanje abaza kudibana nabacebisi kwaye bathathe ukhetho lukawonkewonke kwaye bagqibe kwelokuba umngcipheko wokuthatha amanyathelo mkhulu kakhulu? UKennedy wenza-kwaye le mbono yeCamelot yayinyani.

Ngezo ntsuku ngo-Okthobha u-1962 xa amaSoviet azama ukuntywila imikhosi yenyukliya eCuba ekuqaleni bonke abacebisi bakhe bathanda uhlaselo lomkhosi nxamnye neCuba ababhali-mbali ababesele befundile ukuba ngewayebangele inyukliya, kuba uninzi lwemijukujelwa eyayiseCuba yayihambele phambili UKennedy uxelelwe ngumkhosi wakhe kunye nabancedisi beCIA.

Nabani na ofuna ukuba ngumongameli kufuneka ayifunde le ncwadi Iitape zeKennedy , ebandakanya ingxelo ebhaliweyo yentlanganiso kaKennedy kunye nabacebisi bakhe ngexesha lengxubakaxaka yemijukujelwa yaseCuba. Ekuqaleni uKennedy yayinguye yedwa egumbini elichasene nohlaselo lomkhosi olunokuthi luzise imfazwe yenyukliya. Omnye nomnye abacebisi bakhe bafudukela kwisikhundla sakhe esikhokelela kwisiphelo esikhuselekileyo nesonwabisayo ababhali-mbali ababusincomayo ngoku.

Le, nayo, yayiyimbono yeCamelot eyayiyinyani.

UKennedy wayehlukile-kuye inkqubo yasemajukujukwini yayingumbono, imishini, umnxeba wokuthatha inxaxheba kunye nenjongo enkulu eyintloko yomcimbi wengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yiCamelot.

UKenny O'Donnell usixelele ukuba uJack, uBobby noKenny bafuna ukuba abafazi babo kunye nabantwana babo bakhutshwe eWashington bayokuqhushumbisa iindawo zokuhlala kwiindawo ezingachazwanga. Kodwa abafazi bathi hayi. Abavuma ukuhamba. Ukuba imfazwe yenyukliya ifikile bafuna ukuba iintsapho zabo zibe kunye esiphelweni!

Emva kokujongana nexesha lokwenyani lemfazwe yenyukliya kunye nombuzo wokuba ingaba iintsapho zabo zingafa ngokwahlukeneyo okanye kunye ukuba imfazwe enjalo ifikile, uJFK wazinikezela kulawulo lwezixhobo zenyukliya ngempindezelo kunye nothando olukhokelele kwintetho yakhe edumileyo kwiYunivesithi yaseMelika ngoJuni. Ngo-1963 uxelela umhlaba ukuba sonke siphefumla umoya omnye kwaye sisela amanzi afanayo. Oku kukhokelele kwiSivumelwano seNyukliya soVavanyo lweNyukliya kunye nembali yolawulo lweengalo ezalandela kwaye zakha enye indawo yombono weCamelot owawuyinyani ngokwenene.

Phambi kokuba uKennedy athathe isikhundla e-Russia ama-Russian ngokulandelelana ayesungule i-Sputnik kwaye bephumelela ugqatso kwindawo enokubanika amandla okuthatha isigqibo kwilizwe elizimeleyo kwimicimbi yezomkhosi.

Xa uKennedy eqala ukukhomba umnwe wakhe enyangeni kwaye wathembisa ukuba i-Melika izakubeka unyawo apho kwisithuba seminyaka elishumi umhlaba umangalisiwe, amajelo eendaba ayengathandabuzi, kwaye nabasebenzi be-NASA bothuswa sisibindi sobufundisi-kwaye enye yimbali!

Xa sifunda incwadi entle kaTom Wolfe Izinto ezifanelekileyo ezo ziganeko zenzekile ngokwenene, oosomajukujuku abangamaqhawe babenyanisile, olo loyiso lwaphakamisa uhlanga lwenza imigangatho ephezulu kunye nokuzonwabisa okwazisa uphando lwezenzululwazi kunye neemveliso eziphakamise uqoqosho kwimpumelelo nakwimisebenzi emitsha. Elona binzana lililo lezinto ezifanelekileyo laba ngumfuziselo wesizukulwana esenza umahluko kunye nomongameli owababizela kwisenzo.

Namhlanje abezopolitiko bethu baxoxa ngenkqubo yasemajukujukwini, kwaye iMelika ixhomekeke kumnqweno kaVladimir Putin ukubhabha oosomajukujuku bethu kwisitishi sasemajukujukwini eRashiya. Kodwa uKennedy wayehlukile-kuye inkqubo yasemajukujukwini yayiyimbono, imishini, umnxeba wokuthatha inxaxheba kunye nenjongo enkulu eyintloko yomcimbi wengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yiCamelot.

Kwezempilo uKennedy wanikezela ngohlengahlengiso olunamandla olwaba nguMedicare emva kokuba eswelekile. KuDonga lwaseBerlin wathi sonke siyiBerliners kwaye siyinxalenye yempendulo yehlabathi ekhululekileyo kubukomanisi. Ukungafezeki kukaKennedy kugqithiswe kakhulu ziifowuni zakhe zokuba mkhulu, imiceli mngeni yakhe kunye nezithembiso zakhe, umbono wakhe wokuguqula ubuqhawe bakhe bemfazwe bube nobuganga kunye nengcinga kunye nesibindi awayefuna ukukhuthaza onke amaMelika ukuba abonise ngeendlela zabo .

Lo mbono wezopolitiko uphakama ngaphezulu kwento ebonelelwa ngabantu baseMelika ngoosopolitiki namhlanje, benoluhlu olude lweziphumo kunye nempumelelo enefuthe elingapheliyo namhlanje. Le yintliziyo nomphefumlo wento esiyibiza ngokuba yiCamelot. Yayiyinyani kwaye i-akhawunti yeso sizathu sokuba uJohn Fitzgerald Kennedy ahlale edume kakhulu namhlanje.

UBrent Budowsky ngaphambili ebencedisa umgaqo-nkqubo kuSen. Lloyd Bentsen (D-Tex) noUMlawuli wezomthethoKummeli oyilwayo uBill Alexander D-Ark. Uphethe iisidanga somthetho kwiYunivesithi yamaKatolika, kunye neLL.M.isidanga kwiLondon School of Economics kwaye ubhala ikholamu yeveki nganyeye Induli.

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