I-Piracy-luhlobo olukhokelela ekuphangweni kwexabiso ledijithali- lucelomngeni kuthotho lwehuphu ekufuneka lutsitywe ngokudityaniswa nedatha yobuchwephesha bokwazi.Unsplash / iVictoria Heath NgoJulayi, iNintendo yaseMelika yafaka ulwaphulo-mthetho ngokuchasene noJacob Mathias kunye neMathias Designs abafuna umonakalo kumashumi ezigidi ngokupapashwa kwamawaka eenkqubo zakudala zomdlalo wevidiyo yeNintendo kwiwebhusayithi ebizwa LoveROMS.com. Isuti ifuna i $ 2,000,000 kumonakalo wokophulwa kwelungelo lokushicilela kunye nenye i-150, 000 yeedola ngomsebenzi ngamnye we-Nintendo. Lilonke, kuqikelelwa ukuba umonakalo ubanga ungaphezulu kwe-100 yezigidi zeedola.
Bhalisa kwiNcwadana yeShishini yaBabonisi
Iindawo ezininzi ezisindayo ROM umdlalo wevidiyo kwangoko bathatha iilayibrari zabo ngaphandle kweintanethi, kwaye abathandi bemidlalo bothuka. Ngaba esi yayisisiphelo sendlela yokulinganisa edlalwa? Ngaba ishishini lomdlalo wevidiyo lalizokulandela iipirate zesoftware kube kanye? Ngaba izinto ezintsha zazisele ziza kusekwa?
Akunjalo. Iya kuqhubeka. Nasi isizathu.
IiROM, iinkqubo zedijithali ezenza imidlalo yevidiyo yakudala, ithandwa kakhulu ngabadlala umdlalo kunye nabaphangi besoftware. Bavumela abadlali ukuba badlale imidlalo ethile abayithandayo, nokuba yeyiphi na kwiikhabhathi zakudala ze-arcade okanye iikhonsoli zasekhaya, njengeNintendo Entertainment System (NES). Ngenxa yokuba zingenakudlalwa zodwa-zifuna enye inkqubo yokwenza ukuba zisebenze, ke iiROM ezizezinye azikho semthethweni ngokusemthethweni ukuba zibenazo- zikhuselwe kwimicimbi yelungelo lokushicilela, kwaye zinikwe imeko yazo ezinxulumene noko, iinkampani ezinkulu ezinjengeNintendo ziye ngokubanzi ujonge kwelinye icala.
Kodwa ngoNintendo esenza imali elungileyo kwimicimbi ephuculweyo yokudlala ekhaya (inkampani ithengise i-3.6 yezigidi ze-NES Classic Edition consoles kwi-59 yeedola nganye ukusukela ngo-2016), kubonakala ngathi inkampani esekwe eKyoto ifuna ukuthintela ukuhamba kweekopi ezingekho mthethweni imidlalo, efana ne-Super Mario World kunye neZelda, ezinceda iimveliso zayo ze-retro zithengise kakuhle.
Ngaba ukusebenza ngobuqhetseba kuya kusebenza? Kwakhona, akunjalo.
Ukulunga kwiNintendo, i-EmuParadise, umphathi omkhulu weROM, isuse ilayibrari yayo yeNintendo ROMs emva kwesuti yeNintendo (igcine ii-non-Nintendo ROMs zayo kwi-intanethi). Kodwa ukukhangela kuGoogle kutyhila uninzi lweendawo ezisabambe imidlalo. Ngapha koko, indawo yesibini ethandwa kakhulu xa ukhangela iNkqubo yeeNintendo zoLonwabo iROM ithi eyona ROM yayo idumileyo, iSuper Mario Bros, ikhutshelwe amaxesha angama-766,525. 
Iinguqulelo zokuqala zobuqhetseba bomdlalo esekwe kwi-CD zibandakanya ukusebenzisa iidiski ezitshintshayo apho iipirate ziya kuqala ii-PlayStations zazo kunye nee-Xbox nge-boot disk kwaye ziyitshintshele kumdlalo okhutshelweyo mzuzu ngqo.I-Pixabay
Iisayithi zeROM zisingathwa kumazwe aphesheya, oko kuthetha ukuba zisasazekile kwihlabathi liphela kumaseva ekunzima okanye akunakwenzeka ukuba azilandele. Oku kuyabanceda ukujikeleza ulawulo olusemthethweni lwamagqwetha kaNintendo. Njengoko bephepha ukumangalelwa, bangenisa imali kwiiphepha kwaye babonisa iintengiso. Abanye babonakala bengena kwiiROM njengenkonzo kuluntu lwepirate. Okwangoku, iinkqubo eziqhuba iiROM, ngelixa zingenamsebenzi zodwa ngaphandle kweenkqubo zomdlalo, ziye zalawulwa ngokusemthethweni kuba, bebodwa, abenzi nanye into embi.
Ukuze udlale, yithi, Super Mario Bros kwikhompyuter yakho, kuya kufuneka udlule kwimiceli mngeni emininzi:
- Fumana iROM;
- Fumana kwaye ukhuphele i-emulator ekwazi ukuqhuba iROM;
- Faka i-emulator;
- Layisha iROM kwi-emulator.
Ngalinye lala manyathelo akukho lula. Njengoko kubonwe kwimeko yeNintendo, iiROM ziyahamba ukusuka kwisiza ziye kwindawo njengoko zigxothwa ngamatyala obunini. Abalingisi ziinkqubo zemithombo evulekileyo ezifumaneka kuluntu olwabelana ngemithombo njengeGitHub, kwaye zihlala zifuna iinkqubo zokufaka ezintsonkothileyo zokugqitha imiqobo yesiqhelo yokhuseleko kwinkqubo yokusebenza. Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, iiROM azivuli nje kwi-emulator njengexwebhu kwi-Microsoft Office. Ezinye kufuneka zibekwe kwiifolda ezithile; ezinye kufuneka zohlulwe ngokwahlukeneyo zizinto ezinokusebenzisa i-emulator.
Akululanga.
Kodwa umceli mngeni ngowokuba kutheni ubugqwetha buqhubeka: akukho lula. Ngokuqinisekileyo, zimbalwa iziqhamo ezijingayo ezisezantsi ekufuneka zivunwe. Iimuvi ezidume kakhulu zingafunyanwa kwiisayithi ezithandabuzekayo ezinokuthi zikunike intsholongwane yekhompyuter njengoko iyifayile yokwenene yemovie. Kwaye ukuba uyayifumana le fayile ye-movie, kukho ithuba elifanelekileyo lokufumana ileta yokumisa kunye nokushiya inkonzo evela kumnikezeli wakho weenkonzo ze-intanethi (ewe, iyenzeka loo nto).
I-Piracy-luhlobo olukhokelela ekuphangweni kwexabiso ledijithali- lucelomngeni kuthotho lwehuphu ekufuneka lutsitywe ngokudityaniswa nedatha yobuchwephesha bokwazi. Isiphumo asiyonto nje imovie entsha omele uyibukele okanye umdlalo oza kuwudlala: yindlela yokunamathela ngokwamanani kwindoda ngendlela engekhe ilandelwe yindoda. Kukufezekiswa kobuqu. Yenza into kuba unakho.
Ndifanele ndazi. Ndandingumphangi weshumi elivisayo.
Ngokukrweca kancinci kunye nokujongana notata, ndingomnye wabantwana abanethamsanqa lokufumana amanqaku I-Apple // e ngo 1983. Isivumelwano endasenzayo notata wam — ngaphandle kwenyanga ezintandathu zokucheba ingca- sasiquka umgaqo wokuba ikhomputha ayizukubiza ngaphezulu kwe- $ 2,000 yayo yokuqala. Ngamanye amagama, ngekhe kubekho ndleko zongeziweyo zehardware okanye izixhobo. Andiyi kuphinda ndibuze uTata imali yekhompyuter kwakhona.
Kodwa bendinecebo. Ikhompyuter endiyidibanise ineediski ezimbini zediski, imodem eyi-baud engama-300 kunye neefloppy disks ezingama-250 ezingenanto. Yayingu-supermachine wobuqhetseba: iidiski ezimbini zediski zandivumela ukuba ndikope isoftware kwidiski; imodem yandidibanisa namakhulu eenkqubo zebhodi yeebhulethini (i-BBS) eyayindidibanisa namanye amaqhinga, kwaye iidiski zazinamawaka emidlalo neenkqubo.
Kwakuyixesha elixakekileyo lobugqwetha besoftware, ixesha apho saqala ukuqonda ukuba ulwazi lwedijithali, ngokungafaniyo neekhasethi iikhasethi zomculo wethu esiwuthandayo, khange zihlaziye umgangatho xa kwenziwa iikopi zazo. Ezi yayingezizo iikopi zeXerox: Zaziyizinto ezichanekileyo zekhowudi. 
Khuphela oko! Ulwazi lwedijithali aluthobi kumgangatho xa kwenziwa iikopi.Unsplash / Iiflorian Pérennès
Saphumelela. Abantwana abanjengam babenengqokelela enkulu yediski (ubukhulu becala imidlalo inesoftware yokuvelisa ukugcina abazali besebumnyameni), ngelixa abasebenzisi be-BBS abahamba ngama-aliases afana ne-Freeze aqhekeza ikopi yesoftware ngaphambi kokuba abapapashi babe nethuba lokufumana izihloko zabo ezishelfini . Kwangelo xesha, imikhosi yabaphangi abafana nam yayiza kudibana kwiiklabhu zekhompyuter zasemva kwesikolo ukuze zikope imidlalo, ngelixa abazali bethu babecinga ukuba sifunda ukuba ziinjineli zesoftware yexesha elizayo (zazingalunganga kwiimeko ezininzi). Sisebenze ngaphezulu koqoqosho olusisiseko: ukutshintshiselana ngenkqubo okanye umdlalo wexabiso elilinganayo okanye elingcono nelinye ipirate. Ukuba ubonakalisile ngaphandle kwesoftware yokurhweba (nokuba kukwi-Intanethi okanye kuku-mntu kwii-meetups), ubhalwe ileech kwaye uthintelwe ekuthatheni inxaxheba. Oku akuzange kukhuthaze ukutshintshiselana ngokulinganayo, yayiyindlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba abaphangi ababethatha inxaxheba bathatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokufumana ngokwayo. Nje ukuba udibane, ngamanye amagama, awuzukuthetha nto.
Ubugqwirha buye batyhutyha amatyeli amaninzi nokubonakaliswa ukusukela ngo-1983. Njengokuba imithombo yeendaba yogcino itshintshile ukusuka kwii-diskettes ukuya kwii-CD-ROM ukuya kwiidrive hard ukuya kugcino lwamafu, abaphangi beepirate bafumene iindlela zokuzibonisa iidiski zantlandlolo kunye neendlela zomdlalo wokukhohlisa ekuqinisekiseni ubunyani beendaba.
Iinguqulelo zokuqala zobuqhetseba bomdlalo esekwe kwi-CD zibandakanya ukusebenzisa iidiski ezitshintshayo apho iipirate ziya kuqala ii-PlayStations zazo kunye nee-Xbox nge-boot disk kwaye ziyitshintshele kumdlalo okhutshelweyo mzuzu ngqo. Njengokuba iinkampani zemidlalo zihambisa ukhuselo lwekopi kwisithuba sehardware, ii-wiley pirates zaphuhlisa ii-microchips ezaziza kugqitha ukuqinisekiswa kwediski kwaye zivumele abadlali ukuba bajikeleze iikopi zemidlalo abayitshisileyo kwiikhompyuter zabo ze-Blu-ray drive.
Ngamanye amagama, kukho iindlela. Bekusoloko kukho iindlela. Kwaye iipirate ziya kuhlala zifumana eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo. Bahlala benazo. Ewe, bayeba. Ewe, akukho semthethweni phantse kuzo zonke iinkundla. Kodwa njengama-buccaneers olwandle, kukho into enothando ngabo njengoko behamba emanzini asemthethweni kunye nezobuchwephesha, imayile enye okanye ezimbini zolwandle ngaphambi kweenkampani ezinkulu zehlabathi. Nokuba ngamagorha okanye abenzi bobubi bakwiliso lomshicileli, umthetho okanye umntwana osandula ukufumana umdlalo wokugqibela. 
I-Piracy ihambe ngeendlela ezininzi kunye nokubonakaliswa ukusukela ngo-1983.Unsplash / uChris Yates
Ngelixa ubuqhetseba bunzima, busasazekile, kwaye abapapashi baya kuqhubeka nokwenza okusemandleni abo ukuthintela oko, ekupheleni kosuku, ukubiwa kwemveliso yabo abathe batyala kuyo izigidi. Ifemu yeemetriki iTru Optik kuqikelelwa kwi-2014 ukuba umdlalo piracy kubangele $ 74 billion kwi ilahleko yengeniso. Abanye bathi ubugqwetha bulungile kubapapashi- imidlalo efumana eyona nto iphambili iba yeyona ithandwayo kwaye, njengoko zijikeleza phakathi kwabadlala umdlalo, abanye bathi ekugqibeleni ezona zibhetele zithengiwe.
Kudliwanondlebe neForbes ngo-2012, iCD Projekt Red (abenzi bango-2015 batshayisa Witcher 3: Ukuzingela Kwasendle CEO ye-CEO uMarcin Iwinski yenze yacaca ukuba ubona ubuhashe njengesixhobo sokuthengisa.
Ukuba [abaphangi] bayawuthanda umdlalo kwaye baqala ukutyala ixesha, abanye babo baya kuyithenga, utshilo.
Kodwa ayizizo zonke iipirate abathengi abamsulwa abafuna nje ukudlala umdlalo wamva nje. Imisebenzi yokukhohlisa yesoftware isisongelo esikhulayo kubapapashi. NgoDisemba ka-2008, bali-11 abantu ababebanjelwe ukubaleka isangqa seminyaka engama-36 sokuxhoma , apho basasaza iinguqulelo ezingezizo zesoftware kaMicrosoft exabisa ngaphezulu kwe- $ 2 yezigidigidi. Ngelixa kungafanelekanga ukuba abapapashi baye emva kwabadlali, kusenokwenzeka ukuba siyakubona amakhonkco obundlobongela esiba yimisebenzi yolwaphulo-mthetho engathandekiyo-imali intle kakhulu.
