Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo we-Confederate General uRobert E. Lee umi ngasemva kwesihlwele sabamhlophe besizwe esimhlophe, ii-neo-Nazi kunye namalungu e-alt-ekunene ngexesha lomanyano lweRally e-Agasti 12, 2017 eCharlottesville, eVa.Chip Somodevilla / Getty Izithombe Kwabamatshi basekunene abeza eCharlottesville besoyikisa isixeko nabantu baso ngokuzama ukususa umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaRobert E. Lee, ndineendaba ezimbi. Ngokubanzi uLee ngewayengazange ayixhase imatshi yabo ezaliswe yintiyo. Wabiza ubukhoboka ngobubi, wathandazela ukupheliswa, waziphatha njengendoda, kwaye wasebenza ukumanya ilizwe emva kweMfazwe yamakhaya. Akukho nto malunga nokudibanisa umgaqo oLungileyo wabelana ngamaxabiso kaLee.
Ngokubanzi u-Lee ubizwa ngokuba bububi bobukhoboka
Ngamaxesha amaninzi, uGeneral Robert E. Lee wabiza ubukhoboka njengeziko elibi. Umzekelo, ngoDisemba 28, 1856, yena uxelelwe UMongameli uFranklin Pierce:
Bambalwa, ndiyakholelwa, kule minyaka ikhanyiselweyo, abangayi kuvuma ukuba ubukhoboka njengeziko bububi bokuziphatha kunye nezopolitiko. Kuyinto engasebenziyo ukukhawulezisa kwizithintelo zayo. Ndicinga ukuba bububi obukhulu kumhlophe kunobuhlanga. Ngelixa iimvakalelo zam zibhalisiwe ngenxa yabokugqibela, uvelwano lwam lubandakanyeke ngokunzulu kulowo wangaphambili.
U-Lee echaza ubukhoboka njengobungendawo bokuziphatha kunye nezopolitiko anokufumaneka kwiingxelo zakhe zasesidlangalaleni nakwiinkolelo zakhe zabucala. Wayenamakhoboka kusapho lwakhe, kodwa wayeziva ukuba ubuKrestu, bencediswa yimithandazo yakhe, buya kunceda ekupheliseni ubukhoboka, njengoko watshoyo kwileta enye eya kumongameli.
Ukukhululwa kwabo kuya kubangelwa ngokukhawuleza kwimpembelelo yobuKristu kunye nokunyibilika kunesivunguvungu somoya ovuthuzayo. Le mpembelelo, nangona icotha, iqinisekile. Iimfundiso kunye nemimangaliso yoMsindisi wethu ziye zadinga phantse iminyaka engamawaka amabini ukuguqula kodwa inxalenye encinci yohlanga loluntu, kwaye naphakathi kwezizwe zamaKristu zeziphi iimpazamo ezinzulu ezikhoyo! Ngelixa sibona ikhosi yokupheliswa kokugqibela kobukhoboka babantu isaya phambili, kwaye siyinika uncedo lwemithandazo yethu, masishiye inkqubela phambili kunye neziphumo ezandleni zaLowo, okhetha ukusebenza ngeempembelelo ezicothayo, kwaye iminyaka eliwaka ikunye naye njengosuku olunye.
U-Lee ukwachasile ukwahlukana, ngokwe kuDavid Brooks nge Inkqubo ye- INew York Times . Esona sizathu sokuba alwele uMzantsi kungenxa yokuba iVirginia yahlutha, kwaye benza oko kuphela ngenxa yokuba balked ngokunyanzelwa ukuba bahlasele amanye amazwe akuMazantsi.
Jikelele u-Lee Waziphatha Njenge-Gentleman
Phantse wonke umntu-kubandakanya amadoda awayemlwela kwaye emchasa, iimbali-mlando eziye zafunda ngobomi bakhe, kwaye abezopolitiko bobabini babenenkululeko kwaye bethanda ukugcinwa — nokuba bayaphakamisa okanye ngokukrokra bayavuma ukuba uGeneral Lee wayeziphethe njengendoda yonke imicimbi, njengoko uBrooks ebhala.
U-Lee wayehlonitshwa kakhulu ukuba abantu baseMantla njengoMongameli Abraham Lincoln kunye no-General Ulysses S. Grant ukuchasana nokubulawa okanye ixesha lokuvalelwa kukaLee . Amaqhinga akhe akakhange abonakalise isimbo sobuso bakho sobuchwephesha oququzelele umatshi kule mpelaveki, owayenomdla kwimali nodumo kunayo nayiphi na enye into.
Ngokubanzi uLee wazama ukudibanisa ilizwe emva kweMfazwe yamakhaya
NjengoDan McLaughlin kunye Uphengululo lweLizwe ubhala , U-Lee wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kuxolelwaniso lwasemva kwemfazwe. Ngelixa abezopolitiko abambalwa kunye nabazinikeleyo emkhosini befuna ukwenza imfazwe yegazi engapheliyo eyayinokuliqhekeza eli lizwe, uGeneral Lee ngekhe abenayo.
Nangona wayekuthiyile ukuzinikela, wakwenza oko ukulungelwa kwelizwe kwaye waqinisekisa nabanye ukuba benze njalo. Nabani na ofunda uJay Winik ’ Epreli 1865 Incwadi iyakuthi ilizwe liphela ngekwabelana ngegazi emva kweMfazwe yase-Missouri nase-Kansas ukuba ibingengamadoda afana no-Lee no-Grant.
U-Lee ayinguye yedwa igosa lomkhosi lase Mzantsi elalifuna uxolelwaniso. Uninzi, olunjengoGeneral Longstreet, lwenze oko belungiselela ilizwe. Abanye ababhubhe kwimfazwe yamakhaya, njengo-Stonewall Jackson noPat Cleburne, babenabo Unyamezelo oluncinci lobuhlanga . Kwaye u-General Nathan Bedford Forrest, emva kokuseka i-Ku Klux Klan, waqonda indlela elonakalise ngayo iqela. U-Forrest usebenze phantsi kuka-General William T. Sherman, ukusebenza ukutshabalalisa i-KKK kwaye ibambe amadoda amhlophe abulala umntu omnyama.
Jikelele u-Lee Khange asebenze emkhosini ukufumana i-Statue
Imisitho yempelaveki ephelileyo yachukunyiswa sisicwangciso sokususa umfanekiso kaLee eCharlottesville, kodwa uLee wayengelohlobo lwejoni lokufuna umfanekiso oqingqiweyo. Wayeyindoda ethobekileyo efuna ukukhonza; wayengenguye ofuna umfanekiso oqingqiweyo.
Ndivumelana ne-Brooks ukuba sidinga igama lika-Lee kumaziko emfundo afana neWashington kunye no-Lee ukubonisa inkonzo yakhe yasemva kwemfazwe, endaweni yokwakha izikhumbuzo kwimisebenzi yakhe yemfazwe yombutho, nalapho yena ngokwakhe wayechasene ngokucacileyo.
Akukho nto kumngcelele waseCharlottesville u-General Lee angazingca ngawo. Abo bathelekisi bachasene noko kwakumelwe nguLee, anokufumaneka kula magama kwi ileta Wabhalela unyana wakhe uRooney ngo-1864:
Kuya kufuneka siphile, senze, kwaye singathethi nto ngokwenzakala komnye umntu. Ayisiyondlela ilungileyo kuphela njengomgaqo, kodwa yindlela yoxolo nembeko.
UJohn A. Tures nguprofesa wesayensi yezopolitiko eLaGrange College eLaGrange, eGa jtures@lagrange.edu . Iakhawunti yakhe ye-Twitter nguJohnTures2.
