Lukhetho oloyikisayo kwiqabane elisempilweni… lishiya ukhathalelo okanye lonakalise.Unsplash / uNicholas Gercken Isibini esikhulileyo esinamaqanda amancinci esidleke kunye neqabane elinesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, kunye nosapho oluncinci olunekamva eliqaqambileyo kodwa intombi egulayo ifana ngantoni?
Zombini ezi meko zinokuthi ziqwalasele inyathelo eliqatha loqhawulo-mtshato.
Kulabo benza imali-bazizityebi kakhulu ukuba bangafanelekela iMedicaid, kodwa bahlwempuzeke kakhulu ukuba bangakwazi ukufumana ukhathalelo olubizayo-Ukuphelisa amaqhina omtshato lukhetho olubuhlungu uninzi lwabathandekayo ekufuneka belwenzile. Ngaba ikhona into enokwenziwa ukusindisa umtshato?
Ukhula umdala kunye neNyani ebuhlungu yoQhawulo-mtshato
Ngokwesiqhelo xa isibini sahlukana, sicinga ngabantu abancinci kunye nokungafani okungafaniyo. Kodwa ngelixa amazinga oqhawulo-mtshato ngoku ehla, ingakumbi phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30, iyenyuka nezibini ezindala, ngokomcwangcisi wezezimali uEve Kaplan. Kwaye inokuba nokwenza okungaphaya ngetyala lezonyango kunokungathembeki okanye iingxabano.
Kwindlela endicwangcise ngayo imali, ndijongana nemeko yokonyuka ngokwasemphefumlweni yokunyusa iindleko zonyango / lwexesha elide, UKaplan ubhalele iForbes . Ukucebisa umntu ukuba acinge ngoqhawulo-mtshato ngenjongo yokuphelisa ukonakala ngokwezimali ‘kunzima’ — ukutsho nje oku. Kumlingane ophilileyo, eli cebiso linokuziva liphosakele kwaye liziphethe kakubi, ngaphandle kokuqina kwabacebisi ngezezimali kunye negqwetha.
U-Kaplan ubhale ngemeko ebuhlungu yesibini esikhulileyo esisebenzisa kakhulu imali esiyigcinileyo, sinamathuba amancinci okubagcwalisa okanye babe nezinto ezikhoyo zokugubungela iqabane elisaphilayo. Igqwetha labadala liphakamisa isigqibo esoyikisayo soqhawulo mtshato kwisibini esonwabileyo.
Okulusizi kukuba, ayisiyiyo imeko ekhethekileyo yolu khetho lukhohlakeleyo. Ngaphambi kweentsuku ze-Obamacare, UNicholas D. Kristof wabhala eli bali Esinye isibini esidla umhlala-phantsi ekufuneka senze enye indlela yokungaphumeleli, njengoko umyeni esiba nengqondo. Inkosikazi yaxelelwa ukuba ii-asethi zayo zinokubanjwa zihlawulele ukhathalelo. Isibhedlele kunye noonontlalontle bacebisa ngoqhawulo-mtshato, bancama umtshato ngenxa yokhuseleko lwezezimali. Lukhetho oloyikisayo kwiqabane elisempilweni… lishiya ukhathalelo okanye lonakalise.
Iintsapho ezincinci eziKhuselwe ngeInshorensi zinokujamelana nokukhetha okungqwabalala
Cinga nje malunga nabantu abadala okanye amavila okanye i-penny-pinchers ehlulekayo ukufumana i-inshurensi yezempilo? Cinga kwakhona.
Kungekudala, Namhlanje Ubonise ingxaki yegqala lomkhosi, inkosikazi yakhe kunye nabantwana babo ababini, njengoko kuchaziwe ngu-Eun Kyung Kim. Omnye wabantwana babo uneWolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome (WHS), efuna ukhathalelo oluhlala luhleli kwaye lubiza kakhulu ubusuku nemini. Umyeni wenza imali (kakhulu kwiMedicaid) kwaye une-inshurensi yezempilo yosapho lonke, kodwa ayonelanga ukuhlawula zonke iindleko ezizayo. Ithemba elingenakucingwa lokwahlukana kwesi sibini sinothando yenye inyani kolu khetho lubi.
Inkqubo ye- Ijenali yaseMelika yoNyango uxele ukuba phantse isibini kwisithathu sokungabinamali sisiphumo semali yonyango, isabelo ebesinyuka sikhokelela kwingxoxo-mpikiswano yohlaziyo lwezempilo, njengoko watshoyo uKristof. Ngaphezulu kwesithathu kwisine kolu bhengezo lonyango, usapho lwalunomshuwalense wezempilo, lubangela ukwenziwa komThetho woKhathalelo ongenakufikeleleka (ACA).
Kodwa ezi ayizizo nje izibalo ezingenanto. Abamelwane bam banomntwana ohamba ngesitulo esinamavili ongazange athethe nelizwi okanye athathe inyathelo ebomini bakhe, nanini na. Ufuna unonophelo rhoqo. Abantwana bam ngabona bantu bangengobantu abadala kuphela abaya kumatheko akhe okuzalwa. Ukuba kwakungekho isigwebo esiyimpumelelo-kunye noluntu olunothando olukhule lumamkela kwaye lwenza ukuba adlale uhlobo lwe-baseball kubantwana abaneemeko ezifanayo-andinakucinga ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni kubahlobo bethu ezantsi kwesitalato. Abanye abanalo ithamsanqa, ekhokelela kukhetho lukaHobson.
Yintoni enokwenziwa ukusindisa umtshato kuqhawulo mtshato?
Kukho iindaba ezimnandi; ayizizo zonke izibini ezitshatileyo ekufuneka zoyike ukwahlulahlulwa ngenxa yokuchaphazeleka kwezonyango.
Kwi Uqhawulo mtshato m i-agazine, uLindsay Engle ucebisa Imigaqo-nkqubo yabantu kwaye ingekuko ukuba neqabane lomtshato lihlale phantsi kwesicwangciso se-inshurensi yomzali omnye, kodwa i-inshurensi yakho ayibizi, uyatyhila. Ukongeza, ukongezwa kwe-COBRA kunye nokukhuselwa okwethutyana kunokuvumela umntu owayesakuba liqabane lakhe ukuba agutyungelwe phantsi kweemeko ezithile, kodwa iindleko zikwayinkxalabo. Ucebisa ukuba uvavanye ukuba i-inshurensi yakho kwaye bobabini emtshatweni bayakwamkela ukwahlukana ngokwasemthethweni noqhawulo mtshato olulinganiselweyo, kodwa kungcono ujonge igqwetha, kunye nokufunda umgaqo-nkqubo.
Emva kokuba izibini zikhulile kunama-65, i-Medicare iyangena.
Umntu uya kufaneleka ukuba afumane i-Medicare eneminyaka engama-65, ukuba basebenze iminyaka elinganayo ye-10 kwaye bakulungele ukukhuselwa kweNtlalo, u-Engle wabhala. Ukuba awunayo iminyaka eli-10 yomlando womsebenzi kodwa wawutshatile iminyaka eli-10 ubuncinci kumntu ofanelekileyo kwi-Medicare, usengafaneleka ngezibonelelo zeqabane lakho langaphambili. Kukho iimeko ezithile eziya kufuna ukuhlangatyezwa ukulungiselela isiqinisekiso: Kufuneka ungatshati. Ukuba ubungatshatanga iminyaka eli-10 ubuncinci, kuyakufuneka ukuba ubutshatile unyaka ubuncinci ngaphambi komhla wokufa kweqabane lakho. Kufuneka ube neminyaka engama-62 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu. Umlingane wakho wangaphambili kufuneka abe nelungelo lokufumana umhlalaphantsi woKhuseleko lweNtlalo okanye izibonelelo zokukhubazeka kwaye isibonelelo sakho esifanelekileyo singaphantsi kuneso sangaphambili. Izongezo zeMedare kunye nezicwangciso zeMedigap zezinye iindlela, nanjengoko zibiza imali ngokunjalo, wongeze uEngle.
Ngamanye amaxesha kuyanceda ukuhlala kwimeko eqonda ngakumbi iindleko zokhathalelo lwempilo. UDavid Slusky kunye noDonna Ginther batyhila kwi iphepha labo le-2017 kwi-National Bureau yoPhando lwezoQoqosho echaza apho i-ACA yandisa iMedicaid, amathuba okuqhawula umtshato anqabile ngeepesenti ezili-11.6 phakathi kweekholeji ezigcina izidanga eziphakathi kweminyaka engama-50-64. Iinzame zokubuyisa umva ezo zicwangciso kunye nokukhuselwa kunokonyusa uqhawulo mtshato, uqaphele IWashington Post , kunye nedatha eqinisekisa isifundo se-NBER.
Nokuba ithini imeko yakho, okanye ezopolitiko zokhathalelo lwempilo, ingxelo evela kwi-CBS News icebisa ukucwangcisela ikamva ngoku, kwaye ungalindi de kuvele iindaba ezimbi: Namhlanje, ngelixa i-inshurensi yokhathalelo lwexesha elide isengavakala, izibini azinakukuthenga xa sele zijamelene nokugula kwaye ziyazi ukuba ziya kusebenzisa ingxelo. Endaweni yokuba, zonke iintsapho zinokuzama ukuzama malunga nezicwangciso ezinokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba elinye iqabane ligule.
UJohn A. Tures nguprofesa wesayensi yezopolitiko kwiKholeji yaseLaGrange eLaGrange, eGeorgia-funda ibali lakhe elipheleleyo apha.
