Inyani malunga neSpyWar kunye nendlela ama-Espionage angama-21 asebenza ngayo

I-Espionage yinto eqhubekayo kwimpucuko yabantu. Iimpawu zokuhlola zibalasele kwi ITestamente Endala kwaye ihlala ibizwa ngokuba yi- umsebenzi wesibini omdala ngesizathu esivakalayo. Isilumko sasendulo samaTshayina uSun Tzu wabhala ngokucacileyo malunga nokubaluleka kweqhinga Ubuntlola kunye nobunqabileyo ngokupheleleyo 2,500 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Logama nje abantu behleli kuyo nantoni na efana noluntu, bebesiba iimfihlelo omnye komnye.

Nangona iMelika ineenkonzo zobuntlola ezixhaswe ngemali kakhulu kwihlabathi, kunye ne-behemoth yethu Uluntu lwe-Intelligence Community elishumi elinesixhenxe Ininzi ngokwaneleyo ukuba ikholise nayiphi na i-Beltway bureaucrat, kukho iifowuni ezingapheliyo zokuba iintlola zethu zenze ngakumbi. Oku kuye kwaba ngumdlalo weqonga ongasekhoyo, njengoko i-White House ka-Obama ibhukuqeka ngokungagungqiyo kujikeleze uMbindi Mpuma kwimfazwe yayo engeyiyo eyomkhosi ngokuchasene ne-Islamic State, i-ISIS eyaziwayo.

Ngaphandle kwezopolitiko zobukrelekrele bethu ngokubhekisele kwi-ISIS, eyaziwa njengengxaki, ngeendaba ezilungileyo ezingachanekanga zixatyiswa ngaphezulu kweendaba ezimbi ezichanekileyo ngabathile bomgaqo-nkqubo abaphezulu, abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba asazi ngokwaneleyo malunga nento emnyama-eyambethe ijihadist Abantu abaphambeneyo eSyria naseIraq baye phezulu.

Ngokukodwa, siva izikhalo ezandayo zeentlola ezininzi emhlabeni, zeziphi iingcali ezibiza ubukrelekrele babantu okanye i-HUMINT. Iingoma zesiko ngaphezulu HUMINT zenzeka nanini na xa uMalume uSam ezifumanisa ekwidrafti kwenye indawo, kwaye zihlala zivela kubantu abangazi nto malunga neshishini leentlola. Bakwasifumana isiphoso kulwaphulo-mthetho lwethu lobugqwetha, kwaye i-bugbear yabo ibonisa ubukrelekrele okanye i-SIGINT.

Iintlola zaseMelika zisebenza kwisekethe ye-cocktail embassy, ​​njengakwimiboniso bhanyabhanya, ngethemba lokufumana umthombo wegolide.

Ngaphezulu kwayo yonke le nto, isihlwele se-HUMINT senza ngathi indawo yethu yoBukrelekrele ayenzi okuninzi sele, ngelixa enyanisweni senza ngaphezulu kwayo phantse naphina umntu. Oku kuhlala kuhamba nesikhalazo sokuba iimpimpi ezihlasela umngcipheko zihleli nje kwizindlu zozakuzo kwihlabathi liphela, zingenzi nto ingako. Kuya kufuneka bangene kumlo, abameli bakarhulumente kwizihlalo zabo ezintle. Ngokuqinisekileyo kuyakubakho izikhalo zokuphinda-phinda ukwenziwa kweOfisi yeeNkonzo zeQhinga leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, xa amadoda akhaliphileyo aphuma kwiinqwelomoya emva kwemigca yotshaba kwaye enza… into. Ukurekhodwa kwengxelo ye-espionage ye-OSS Unokubizwa ngesihle ukuba uxubekile isoloko ishiyiwe.

Eyona nto bayifunayo kukuba iUnited States yenze i-HUMINT ngokwahlukileyo, kwaye ngumba obalulekileyo ofuna ukukhutshwa okuthile. Ukwenza i-HUMINT phesheya kuyimbonakalo yemibutho emibini: i-Arhente yoBuntlola eseMbindini kunye neArhente yezobuNtlola yezoKhuselo yasePentagon. Inzame yokugqibela yeyokugqibela incinci kwezi zimbini kwaye ibonakala ingasebenzi kakuhle kunee-CIA's. I-DIA inegama ekudala limile ngaphakathi kweBeltway yokuba nomdla ngakumbi kunesakhono, kunye nomzamo wakutshanje woku yomeleza indima YAKHONA owayengumlawuli Jikelele uMike Flynn wabethwa yi-CIA. Eso siphakamiso safa ngokulahla kuka-Mongameli u-Obama uMnu Flynn ngesigwebo esibi-esathi sanikwa Ubuxoki bukaMnu Flynn malunga nobukrelekrele be-ISIS okoko wadubula kunye nokuvuselelwa kwakhe kutsha nje njenge I-Kremlin yokusasaza iindaba , kujongeka ngathi ngumnxeba obalaseleyo nguMnu Obama.

I-CIA, ngokukodwa iCandelo loMsebenzi, ngaba isabelo sengonyama se-American HUMINT kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye yenye yeenkonzo ezimbalwa ze-spy phaya ezinokufikeleleka ngokwenyani kwihlabathi liphela, ezinezikhululo ezifihlakeleyo kunye neziseko kumazwe amaninzi. Uninzi lwamagosa e-DO asebenza phantsi kweqweqwe laseburhulumenteni, ezenza oonozakuzaku kunye nantoni na, ngelixa iqela elincinane kakhulu lisebenza phantsi kwekhava engekho mthethweni. Ii-NOCs, njengoko zisaziwa kurhwebo, zihlala zizenza njengoosomashishini kwaye azonwabeli nakuphi na ukukhuselwa koonozakuzaku bamagosa e-DO phantsi kogcino olusemthethweni, abathi, xa bathe babanjwa babe ngabahlola-nto leyo engekho mthethweni kuyo yonke indawo- baya kuthunyelwa ekhaya, babhengezwe Persona non grata ngelizwe elisingathiweyo. Isiphelo se-NOC esityhiliweyo sinokuba mbi kakhulu kunokuba sifumane i-PNG'd, njengoko iintlola ziyibiza njalo.

Abantu baseRussia bathatha bonke oonozakuzaku baseMelika, kunye noosomashishini abaninzi, ziintlola de kuqinisekiswe ngenye indlela.

Imiboniso bhanyabhanya ye-Silly kunye neemovie zinike uluntu umfanekiso ogqwethekileyo wento eyenziwa yi-CIA. Umsebenzi omninzi uyathathwa zizinto ezinxibelelana neentlola, zisebenza kunye neenkonzo zobuntlola zamanye amazwe. Uninzi lweengxelo ze-DO zinikezelwa ngokunxibelelana, kuba kukukhuseleka okukhuselekileyo ukuba inkonzo yendawo iyazi ngakumbi malunga nokuqhubekayo kwilizwe labo kunesikhululo seCIA. Ukutshintshiselana, sibanika ulwazi abalufunayo, rhoqo i-SIGINT yethu, eyeyona ibalaseleyo emhlabeni.

Ngokwenyani, zimbalwa iiarhente zobukrelekrele zaseNtshona ezinyanzela iiarhente ezinokubakho ngesondo okanye i-blackmail Sirayeli ngaphandle), kwaye uninzi lwabaphambukeli abahlola i-CIA beza kuthi ngokuzithandela. Babizwa ngokuba yi-walk-ins, kwaye bayinxalenye ephambili yento eyenziwa yi-DO. Nangona iintlola zaseMelika zisebenza kwisekethe ye-embassy ye-cocktail, njengakwimiboniso bhanyabhanya, ngethemba lokufumana umthombo wegolide, ipesenti ephezulu yeearhente ezifunyenwe yi-CIA eziye zaxabiseka zaboniswa kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMelika ngenye imini, ngaphandle kohlaza , ndacela ukuthetha nomhlola.

Le modeli yokwenza i-HUMINT, egqitywe yi-CIA kumashumi eminyaka, isebenza kakuhle kwihlabathi liphela, kodwa idibana neengxaki naphina apho ubukrelekrele bengingqi bunobuchule kwaye buqinile. Xa oko kusiba nzima ilizwe libizwa ngokuba yindawo enqatshelwe kwaye imisebenzi ye-DO iyakhohlisa. I-Russia yimeko yeklasikhi, apho Imithetho yaseMoscow yoyisa kwaye iiwotshi ze-FSB zikaPutin zikrokrela ukuba iintlola zaseMelika zisondele kakhulu. (Abantu baseRussia bathatha bonke oonozakuzaku baseMelika, kunye noosomashishini abaninzi, ziintlola de kuqinisekiswe ngenye indlela.) Abasebenzi bezobuntlola base-US abangakhathaliyo kubugcisa babo banokuphelisa ngokulula Ukuhlaziswa esidlangalaleni ngaphambi kokuba ube yi-PNG'd yi-Kremlin emnandi.

Ukungena ngokungagungqiyo kumaqela oyikisayo kunokwenzeka ukuba kubulale abantu baseMelika ngeendlela ezoyikekayo.

Ke kukho amazwe afana ne-Iran okanye iNorth Korea, apho kungekho mishini yozakuzo yaseMelika, okanye amashishini, kwaye ukwenza i-HUMINT kunokubakho kufutshane. Ungayichazanga eyokuba iindlela ezingalunganga zinokubulala iintlola zethu. Le nyaniso ihlala iqondwa gwenxa yiPentagon, ehlala icela i-HUMINT engakumbi ngaphandle kokuqonda izinto ezinzima zeshishini kumazwe ekujoliswe kuwo nzima. Yenye into ukuthumela ii-commandos ezingacacanga e-Iran kwimishini yokuhlola ixesha elifutshane; Ngenye into, kwaye iyingozi kakhulu, ukuthumela ii-NOCs eIran ixesha elide, zilindele ukuba zikhuphe ubukrelekrele bobuchule.

Le nyaniso isebenza nangakumbi kumzabalazo wokulwa ne-ISIS, engathandi nto ngaphandle kokubamba iintlola zaseMelika abanokuthi bazinqumle, okanye mhlawumbi ubeke umlilo kwikheji , yeYouTube. Ii-Commandos ezivela kwi-Pentagon's Joint Special Operations Command, ngokuhambelana ne-DO's Special Activities Division (ebunjwe ikakhulu ngabasebenzi ababesakuba ngabezomkhosi), bebehlala bethumela eMiddle East ngokuchasene ne-ISIS, kodwa abakafihlwa kuyo nayiphi na intsingiselo , kwaye ayingomfanekiso omkhulu wabaqokeleli bobukrelekrele.

Ukuncenga ngakumbi UKUTHOBEKA ngokuchasene nentetho ye-ISIS malunga nokungena ngokungagungqiyo kumaqela otyikityo kwaye, ngelixa kuyenzeka oko, kunokwenzeka ukuba abantu baseMelika babulawe ngeendlela ezoyikisayo. I-CIA kufuneka iphucule irekhodi layo elingazinzanga kubuchwephesha kunye nokuvavanywa kwemithombo ye-jihadist ngaphambi kokuba iqale ezobungozi, kuba eyona nto yokugqibela uLangley ayifunayo amagosa aphefumlelweyo ngakumbi . Kwaye kanye ngoku bayazibandakanya olona lungelelwaniso lukhulu okoko kwasekwa i-arhente kwi1947, ke ayiloxesha lokuphamba okungakumbi kwe-DO.

Ubuntlola bemveli buya kufaneleka ukuba abantu bahlala ngokwamaqela.

Asinakho ukusebenzisana nobukrelekrele baseSyria, kuba baxinene kakhulu nabantu baseRussia, abangengabo nabathandi bethu. Ubukrelekrele baseIraq abuloncedo nokuba, ngaphandle kwemali eninzi yabarhafi baseMelika echithe ukuzakha emva kweSaddam, kuba zixinene kakhulu neTehran, ethe yaxhwila yabulala iintlola zaseMelika ngaphambili . Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba singamaqabane asondele kwezobuntlola kunye nemida yemida efana neJordani kunye ne-Israel, kwaye ukujonga kwabo ngaphesheya komda kuhlala kungcono kunokwethu.

Ngethamsanqa, kuhlala kukho i-SIGINT, okuthetha ukuba yi-Arhente yoKhuseleko kaZwelonke, ethi ivelise into enje ngeepesenti ezingama-80 zobukrelekrele obusebenzayo esinabo. Umzabalazo wethu wokulwa nobunqolobi be-jihadist kwihlabathi liphela uzinze ngokuqinileyo kubuchule bethu be-SIGINT. Nangona ukuvuza okukhulu kwe-NSA okwenziwe ngu-Edward Snowden kuye kwenza abagrogrisi balumka ngakumbi kunxibelelwano lwabo, basasebenzisa iiselfowuni kakhulu, kwaye yeyona ndlela sinayo yokufumana-kwaye sibabulale nge-airstrikes, i-drones, kunye nohlaselo lwe-commando.

Kananjalo i-HUMINT kunye ne-SIGINT ayizizo izitha ezipeyinta iingcali zezihlalo zazo. Ngokwenyani, bayancedisana kakhulu, besebenza njengamaqabane ukulandelela iithagethi. Umzekelo, ukubeka esweni i-NSA kunokufumanisa unobhala we-IT ongenaxhala kwinkonzo yezobuntlola yamanye amazwe-iRussia okanye isiTshayina i-Snowden-ekhalaza kwii-imeyile malunga nendlela awuthiyileyo ngayo umsebenzi wakhe nelizwe lakhe. Olu lwazi, ekwabelwana ngalo ne-CIA, lunokumisela ukuqeshwa ngokulula. Kwelinye icala, into ekwabelwana ngayo nge-tech-savvy turncoat kunye ne-DO iya kwenza ukuba imisebenzi ye-NSA ilwe nelizwe lakhe kunye neenkonzo zayo zokhuselo ngokulula.

I-SIGINT ilawule umdlalo wobukrelekrele wehlabathi kwinkulungwane ngoku , oko kwaqala iMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala , ngenxa yezinto zonxibelelwano zonxibelelwano. Ihlabathi apho abantu, amashishini, noorhulumente bathembela kwi-IT phantse yonke into abayenzayo lihlabathi apho i-SIGINT iya kuba lolona hlobo lubalulekileyo lobuntlola. Logama sonke sithembele kwiifowuni, iikhompyuter, kunye nezinye izinto ze-elektroniki ukuqhuba ubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, ubugqwetha kwi-ether buya kulawula umdlalo we-spy world.

Oko kwathethi, UKUTHOBEKA akunakuze kuyeke ukubaluleka. Ubuntlola bemveli buya kufaneleka ukuba abantu bahlala ngokwamaqela. Sifuna SIGINT kunye ne-HUMINT ukukhusela ilizwe lethu kunye nabalingane bethu kubanqolobi nakwabafana ababi. Ukubuza okubaluleke ngakumbi kunokubuza ukuba sesiphi isikere esifunekayo. Ukuzonwabisa okungazisiyo kakuhle kudale iingcinga eziphosakeleyo malunga ne-espionage kwi-21^stinkulungwane (kubalulekile ukuba ootatazala uMnu Snowden noBowe Bergdahl Bobabini bacinga ngokuba nguJason Bourne ).

Konke okuqinisekileyo kukuba IspyWar , umzabalazo wehlabathi wokufihla phakathi kweearhente neearhente, uya kuqhubeka nokuba kwenzeka ntoni. Sele sineminyaka eliwaka singene kuyo. Iintlola ziya kuhlala zihlola ngelixa ziphikisana neentlola zelinye icala. Amateurs kaloliwe malunga ne-HUMINT engaphezulu. Iingcali zifuna i-HUMINT kunye ne-SIGINT, kangangoko kunokwenzeka, zisebenza kunye ngaphandle komthungo ukusikhusela.

UJohn Schindler yingcali yezokhuseleko kunye nowayesakuba ngumhlalutyi weArhente yoKhuseleko kaZwelonke kunye negosa lobukrelekrele.