Umsebenzi wezempilo ubambe ingqayi yesifo sokugonya se-AstraZeneca coronavirus (COVID-19) kwiPentland Medical Practice ngoJanuwari 7, 2021 eCurrie, eScotland.URussell Cheyne - I-WPA Pool / i-Getty Izithombe Phantse kuwo onke amazwe ahambele phambili ngaphandle kwe-U.S Isitofu sokugonya i-Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 ngoyena mbumbulu ulawulwa kakhulu phakathi kwezitofu ezikhoyo ze-coronavirus. Yabelana ngeendlela ezininzi kunye Ugonyo lukaJohnson & Johnson kutshanje kuvunyiwe ukusetyenziswa okungxamisekileyo yi-FDA: kungabizi ukwenza, kulula ukuhambisa nokugcina, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kusebenza kakhulu. Kwaye okwangoku, echaphazeleka ziziphumo zetyala lovavanyo kunye nedatha yokwenyani yangoku ebonisa imeko enqabileyo kodwa eyingozi, amagosa ase-US ayathandabuza ukubeka ukukhanya isitofu sokugonya se-Astra kumaMelika.
Kutheni le nto i-FDA ingazange ivume okwangoku?
Ngomhla wamashumi amabini anesithathu kwinyanga yoKwindla, i-National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (i-NIAID) yase-U.S ingxelo ukubhengeza ukuba ibhodi yezokhuseleko ejongene novavanyo lokugonya i-AstraZeneca yayixhalabile ukuba inkampani inokuba ifake ulwazi oludlulelwe lixesha kolo vavanyo, olunokuthi lubonelele ngombono ongaphelelanga wedatha yokusebenza.
Ibhodi yezokhuseleko ye-NIAID, i-DSMB (Idatha kunye neBhodi yokubeka iliso kuKhuseleko), ithe iziphumo zesilingo ze-Astra zesigaba sesi-3 ziqulathe amanani anokulahlekisa awona afanelekileyo kwisifundo ngokuchasene neyona yakutshanje kwaye igqibelele.
Umcimbi kweli ziko yayikukuba i-Astra yahluleka ukuvavanya amatyala angama-50 e-COVID-19 kwityala elingene phakathi komhla we-DSMB egunyazisa inkampani ukuba yenze uhlalutyo lwexeshana kunye nomhla wokungenisa iziphumo. La matyala ongezelelweyo, awavavanywa kamva ngu-Astra kwisilumkiso seDSMB, awakhange atshintshe amanani asebenzayo kakhulu. (Umgangatho wokusebenza ngokubanzi wehle amanqaku ama-3 ukuya kuma-76 eepesenti kwaye wanyuka ngamanqaku ama-5 ukuya kuma-85 eepesenti kubantu abadala.) Ukanti, eso siganeko senza isithunzi ngaphezulu kwephulo lokugonya esele likhona le-Astra e-U.S.
Ngokwamagosa amathathu awayesakuba ngumphathi omkhulu wase-U.S Ukuthetha neBloomberg ngokungaziwa, iZiko lezeMpilo leSizwe (i-NIH), elisebenze ne-Astra ekumiseni ityala lalo lesigaba se-3 e-U.S kwihlobo ephelileyo, lalikhathazekile ngenxa yokuphendula kancinci kwenkampani kwisicelo sikarhulumente sedatha kwiziphumo ezibi ngexesha lokulingwa.
I-FDA ayinanjongo zokucothisa nayiphi na inkqubo yokuvunywa kokugonya, utshilo elinye lala magosa. Kodwa, ngezitofu zokugonya ezintathu ezisebenzayo kwimarike sele, iarhente nayo ayingxami ukugunyazisa eyesine.
Izicwangciso ze-Astra zokungenisa ngokusesikweni idatha yovavanyo lwe-FDA kule nyanga. Kodwa isigqibo sokugqibela singathatha iiveki njengoko amagosa esixoxa ngengxaki yedatha yetyala.
Ngaba isitofu sokugonya i-AstraZeneca Sibi Ngokwenene?
Okwangoku, iseti entsha yemicimbi iyavela e-UK nase-EU kumazwe, apho isitofu sokugonya i-Oxford-Astra sasiphakathi kwezithonga zokuqala ezigunyazisiweyo ukuba zisetyenziswe ngobuninzi.
Idatha yokugonywa kwehlabathi lokwenyani ifumanise ukuba inani elincinci labantu abafumene iyeza lokugonya i-Astra liphuhlise uhlobo olunqabileyo lokunqanda igazi ekuthiwa yi-cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). Ukusukela nge-Matshi, inani elikhulayo lamazwe ase-Yuropu, kunye ne-Canada, bakurhoxisile ukusetyenziswa kweefoto ze-Astra kumaqela athile eminyaka ukuphanda inkxalabo yegazi. (Uninzi lwabamkeli olubonisa isiphumo lwaluphantsi kwama-60.)
Idatha evela kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziphume ngcono kunokoyikwa. Abalawuli base-Bhritane bathi imeko iyonke yamahlwili egazi e-cerebral yayimalunga nelinye ityala kubo bonke abantu abangama-250,000 abafumene iyeza lokugonya. Umngcipheko oxeliweyo eYurophu ungomnye kwi-100,000, ngokwe-Arhente yamaYeza yaseYurophu. Ithuba lokuphuhlisa isigulo lithelekiswa nenqanaba leziganeko phakathi kwabantu ngokubanzi; malunga nomntu ngamnye kuma-200,000 abantu bayo yonke iminyaka baphuhlisa i-CVST kunyaka othile, ngokuka Isikolo seYunivesithi yaseJohn Hopkins.
Ikhonkco phakathi kogonyo lwe-Astra kunye namahlwili egazi kunokwenzeka, utshilo i-UK kunye nabalawuli baseYurophu, kunye noMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi. Kodwa izibonelelo zokufumana umpu zingaphezulu komngcipheko, bagxininisa.
Khange ndibuze idatha yabo kwaphela. Esi sisigonyi esilungileyo esiya kuba nendima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphenduleni kwesi sifo, umlawuli we-NIAID uGqirha Anthony Fauci uthe kwindibano yeWhite House ngoMatshi 31.
