Isityalo samandla enyukliya saseChernobyl kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kwentlekele.Ukusasazeka kweLaski / imifanekiso kaFetty Kusasa ngoku ihlobo laseChernobyl. Ukubhukisha ukhenketho lwenyukliya eyonakeleyo, indawo yentlekele yamandla enyukliya ehlabathini kunye Sele iphumelele umtsalane weholide, Zinyuke kangangeepesenti ezingama-40 , Reuters ingxelo ngoLwesibini.
I-spike ngesiquphe kwimfuno inento yokwenza nayo IChernobyl , ii-HBO miniseries ezigqibe iinxalenye ezintlanu ziqhutywa ngoMvulo ebusuku kwaye, kumagama aphefumlayo e-UK Ilanga , yeyona nto ibalaseleyo kulo lonke ixesha.
Bhalisela iNcwadana yezepolitiki yaBakhangeli
Ehlotyeni, abantu abaninzi kunakuqala bazobhatala malunga ne-100 yeedola (okwangoku, ixabiso lisazokunyuka) kukhenketho lwebhasi olukhokelwe imini yonke. Baza kukroba kwiibhloko zekhonkrithi ezilahliweyo zexesha le-Soviet kwaye, bekude, bajonga kwi-reactor embombed uqobo. Baya kujonga iimfumba zoonodoli abalahliweyo kunye neemaski zerhasi, abanye bajonge ngokungathi balahlwe ngabom nangobuchule phaya Isiphumo esiphezulu -Kungcono ukubamba umfanekiso ogqibeleleyo weholide, oyikisayo oyinyani obambelwe eqongeni, njengemfazwe yemfazwe yomzobo .
Jonga le post kwi-InstagramIposi ekwabelwana ngalo ngu 🆂🅸🆁🅺🅺🅰 (@cirgga) ngoJuni 4, 2019 kwi-1: 04 pm PDT
Ukhenketho lubandakanya nokumisa kwindawo Ibhulorho yokufa, ukugqitha ePripyat, isixeko esakhelwe ukuhlala abasebenzi baseChernobyl abagxothwe ngokusisigxina iiyure ezingama-36 emva intlekele. Ibhulorho inikezela umbono oqinisekileyo wesityalo samandla, sayenza indawo yokuhlanganisana ngokwendalo ngentsasa yangoAprili 26, 1986 ukuba abahlali babukele ukukhanya okukhazimlayo kombindi wombane ocacileyo ngomsindo esibhakabhakeni ebusuku. Wonke umntu obambe umboniso kwibhulorho kamva wasweleka ngenxa yokuvezwa yimitha.
Okanye ibali liyahamba. Ibhulorho yokubulala ingayi intsomi yasezidolophini — ukwamkelwa okwenziwa ngulo Ilanga , iplagi engaziwa ngokunyaniseka okanye ngokungakhathali. Akukho mntu ngokwenene uyazi, ngokungathi akukho mntu waziyo ukuba bangaphi abantu abaswelekileyo ngenxa yentlekele. I-UN icinga i-9,000, urhulumente wase-Belarusian kunye no-Greenpeace bacinga ukuba zingabayi-110,000.
Inani lokwenyani linje ingaziwa njengoko ingenamsebenzi. Into malunga neChernobyl, kunye IChernobyl , lelokuba ibali lentlekele kunye nokuphendula okulandelayo akufuneki kulungiswe-kwaye akukho magorha okanye villains-ukwenza umdlalo onyanzelisayo kumabonwakude odumileyo.
Ukucima umlilo kunye nokubandezeleka kwescima mlilo ngenxa yetyhefu yemitha, apho umzimba wakhe uba sisilonda esothusayo, yinguqulelo yococeko, eyenzelwe umnxeba ngenxa yabaphulaphuli. Asimboni ekhohlela iintsimbi zemiphunga nesibindi. Nangona yenzekile, akuyomfuneko ukubona ukuze wazi okwenzekileyo kwakubuhlungu kwaye koyikeka ngaphaya kwamandla amaninzi enkcazo.
Oku kuqatshelweyo, kunye ne-spike kukhenketho, kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zenyani, zonke ezoyikisayo ziyi-banal. Ii-banalities zii-bromides, ezinokuxelwa kwangaphambili kwaye zicocekile kwaye kulula ukuba ziginye. Ngenxa yezi zizathu, thina bantu siyabathanda. Uthando luyoyisa, inyaniso iya kunikhulula , makuthengiswe kwimarike. Sibathanda ngokwenene kumabonakude wethu odumileyo. Iibhanari zikukhulula ekubeni ucinge kakhulu okanye uzive ungonwabanga okanye ungazinzanga kakhulu okanye ungaqinisekanga. Yayiyintoni loo nto? imbi; Oko yayiyintoni le nto yayiyiyo le nto.
Konke oku kukuziphatha okuqhelekileyo komntu. Siphila kwimeko yesibhengezo, uSvetlana Alexievich, umbhali ophumelele amabhaso kaNobel kunye nentatheli, kanye uthe ekuchazeni umsebenzi wakhe.
U-Alexievich, ohlala kwaye asebenze eBelarus, apho izigidi zabantu zihlala kumhlaba ongcoliswe yimitha yeChernobyl, ngumbhali Amazwi Avela EChernobyl , Imbali yomlomo yempendulo yentlekele kunye noxwebhu oluphambili lwemithombo yolungiselelo.
Akukacaci ukuba uAlexievich ucinga ntoni ngothotho. Indawo yeendaba esekwe eBelarus Umqulu 97 uxele kwinyanga ephelileyo ukuba akasayi kuyibona. Kodwa olunye uhlalutyo kumaphepha-ndaba esiNgesi eNtshona, awayejonge le ntlekele isenzeka ngo-1986 ngokudibanisa isiqabu kunye ne-schadenfreude, uhlobo oluthile lwe-phew, ubuncinci ngabo baseSoviet hayi thina, abarhwebi kwi-banal.
KwiRhamncwa lemihla ngemihla , IChernobyl ayilotyala lamandla enyukliya okanye ubuthathaka bomntu kwindalo iphela — yiMfazwe Yomlomo endikuxelele yona. Oyena mntu unobundlobongela ngabantu abanenkani, abanekratshi, abangaboniyo nabangamaSoviet, inkcubeko yabo yobukomanisi… inyanzelise wonke umntu ukuba afihle inyani hleze bangcikivwe njengabangcatshi abakhohlakeleyo elizweni.
Kwi INew York Times , umbhali wezenzululwazi uHenry Fountain ukhalaza ngonyango olulinganiselweyo olwenziweyo eHollywood — umlinganiswa kaEmily Watson uyinxalenye — kodwa uyayincoma le nkqubo yokufumana inyani esisiseko - ukuba le ntlekele yaseChernobyl yayixubene nobuxoki, inkohliso, nenkqubo yezopolitiko ebolekayo… ngakumbi Isiphoso sikarhulumente kunye nezixhobo zakhe zokubambisa kunayo nayiphi na into.
Esinye sezizathu zokuba kutheni iyinkqubo [yeSoviet], umntu uya kuba nguMikhail Gorbachev ngokwakhe, unobhala jikelele weQela lamaKomanisi owacebisa ngo-2006 ukuba le ntlekele yayiyeyona ndawo yokujika ekuphelisweni kwelizwe lakhe-kwaye ayilulo ukhuphiswano lwezoqoqosho ebeluphulukene nalo amashumi eminyaka, okanye imfazwe eyintlekele eAfghanistan, okanye uloyiko lukaStalin okanye ukucoca, zonke izinto ezivelise ubuxoki obuninzi njengesixhobo samandla intlekele.
IChernobyl unetyala lokubangela oku kudideka. Njengokuba yenzelwe ukulungelelanisa ubundlobongela bexesha likaTrump, ukusuka kwimigca yokuvula kaJared Harris umboniso udala inyani-ubuxoki obunambitha-i-thina ngokuchasene nabo, okuhle ngokuchasene ne-dichotomy engendawo iphakanyiswe ngqo kwi-Cold War. Yintoni indleko zobuxoki? Kubuza uHarris uValery Legasov, eyona nto ikufutshane IChernobyl Kufuneka iqhawe. Uyaziphendula: Iindleko kukuba inyani ilahlekile ngonaphakade.
Oku kuphakamisa ukuba inyaniso iyaziwa kwaphela, ukuba ayaziwa, kwaye ukuyazi kunye nokuthetha kulungile. Ukwenza ngenye indlela kukungalunganga.
Kukho iinyani ezingenakuphikiswa. Akunakwenzeka ukuphikisa ukuba iSoviet Union ayizange ihlasele eChernobyl, kwaye yenza njalo kwizinga elikhulu nelisisigxina. Iziphene zoyilo kwi-RBMK-1000 reactor, ekuphela kombane ophehla amandla ombane ngaphandle kwesakhiwo esinezixhobo zokulawula, xa zifakelweyo, zenziwe zasebenza kwakhona, zonke iingxaki ziyinyani kwaye ziyinyani ezenze ukuba intlekele ibekho. Inkqubo yezopolitiko yaseSoviet indalo-ukunyanzelisa kwayo ukuba ilungile, kunye nokulwa kwayo eyayifuna ukunqanda ukuhlekwa yiNtshona-nayo yadlala indima enkulu.
Le yinxalenye yeendleko zenguqulelo yabemi yokutshatyalaliswa okuqinisekisiweyo, ukhuphiswano olukhulu lokwakha isizwe phakathi kweSoviet Union neUnited States, umdlalo omabini la mazwe adlala ngexabiso elikhulu kubantu bawo. Baninzi kangange-690,000 abantu inokuba usweleke Ukusuka ekuvezweni kovavanyo lwenyukliya olusemhlabeni, inani liphezulu kakhulu kunentelekelelo zikarhulumente- kwaye oku kuseMelika. Kwakukho imililo emibini emikhulu kumzi-mveliso ophambili wase-United States wokudibanisa izixhobo ze-plutonium, ebekwe ngumoya ukusuka eDenver, ethintele kancinane inhlekelele yenqanaba laseChernobyl-iinyani ezifihliweyo kuluntu lwaseMelika yi-US Atomic Energy Commission.
Kodwa ukwalatha ukuba saxoka malunga neenyukliya, nayo yinto oyithandayo. Kwakhona ibhanal.
Kubantu abaninzi, [izibhengezo zanele], uxelele uAlexievich ENew Yorker ’UMasha Gessen. Kodwa udlula njani? Uyiqhawula njani loo nto yokunxiba? Kuya kufuneka ubenze abantu behle ezinzulwini zabo.
Nantsi indlela IChernobyl kufuneka ibonwe-ingabi njengesiqhushumbisi sobukomanisi, okanye isikhumbuzo esikhuthazayo soloyiso kwimbangi endala esele ihambile, okanye uhlobo lomzabalazo weschatological phakathi kwenyaniso nobuxoki kunye nendlela yokwahlula omnye komnye kwimpumelelo engaphephekiyo. Inyaniso ikwahlulwa kwamava kwiintsomi. Inyaniso kukuba iChernobyl yintlekele eqhubekayo. Unjalo ke notshintsho lwemozulu olwenziwe ngekhabhoni, oluninzi ukusukela oko intlekele yaseChernobyl yoyikisa umhlaba kumandla enyukliya. Sisilo esikhulu esintsonkothileyo esineentloko ezininzi-ezinye kufuneka zibonakale njengemifanekiso yesipili-kwaye oko kufanelekile.
