Ukuchonga inqanaba lomhlaza wamadlala kuya kunceda ugqirha athathe isigqibo ngonyango olulungileyo.I-Pixabay Ukuntsokotha kwe umhlaza wedlala lobudoda iyenza yahluke kancinane kwezinye iintlobo zomhlaza. Amanye amadoda afunyaniswa enesi sifo anokungafuneki naluphi na unyango. Endaweni yokuba bathathe indlela elindileyo yokulinda ekwabizwa ngokuba ukubekwa kweliso okusebenzayo . Nangona kunjalo, amanye amadoda anokufuna ungenelelo olukhawulezileyo ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni umhlaza uqhubele phambili kangakanani ngexesha lokuchongwa. Nakuphi na ukuxilongwa komhlaza kuya kuba nendlela yayo yokubeka umhlaza kubhaqwe. Umhlaza ichaza ukuba ungakanani umhlaza osemzimbeni nalapho ukuyo.
Indawo yomhlaza wedlala lobudoda inika ugqirha ulwazi oludingayo ukuze lwazi malunga nokuba lingakanani na eli thumba, nokuba sele linwenwe okanye akunjalo, kwaye ukuba sele linabile, phi. Ukubeka indawo kuyimfuneko ngezizathu ezininzi:
- Kuyanceda ugqirha athathe isigqibo ngeyona ndlela yokunyanga umhlaza
- Inokumisela ithuba lokuchacha okanye isifo
- Inokukunceda ekufumaneni iimvavanyo zonyango umntu anokukwazi ukujoyina
Ukuvavanyelwa iCancer yeProstate
Xa indoda ifunyaniswa inomdlavuza wesibeletho, isigaba sokuqala sisekwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi lwe-PSA, ii-biopsies, kunye novavanyo lokucinga. Eli nqanaba lesiteji kubhekiswa kulo njengesiqendu seklinikhi.
Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-PSA lusetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukukhusela umhlaza wedlala lobudoda. Ilinganisa isixa se i-antigen ekhethekileyo ye-Prostate (PSA ) egazini. I-PSA yiprotein eveliswa zizicubu zomhlaza kunye nezingafakwanga umhlaza kwilungu leprostate. Ephakamileyo inqanaba le-PSA, kokukhona umhlaza uqhubele phambili. Ugqirha uya kufuna ukwazi ukuba amanqanaba e-PSA akhawuleze kangakanani ukusuka kuvavanyo ukuya kuvavanyo kuba ukonyuka okukhawulezayo kunokubonisa ithumba elibi ngakumbi.
I-biopsy ye-Prostate inokwenziwa kwi-ofisi kagqirha, kwaye iziphumo zinokuxela ukuba yeyiphi ipesenti ye-Prostate ebandakanyekayo. Inokumisela kwakhona a Amanqaku kaGleason, eli nani lisuka ku-2 ukuya ku-10 elibonisa ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zijongeka kanjani kufana neeseli eziqhelekileyo xa zijongwa phantsi kwemicroscope. Ukuba amanqaku angaphantsi kwe-6, umhlaza ukhula kancinci. Ukuba amanqaku aphezulu, umhlaza unobundlongondlongo.
Ukulinganisa iimvavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukumisela umhlaza wedlala lobudoda kunokubandakanya iskena se-CT, iMRI okanye ukuskena kwethambo.
Uhlaselwa njani uMhlaza weSifo seProstate
Zonke iintlobo zomhlaza zinesistim sokumisa, okanye indlela esemgangathweni yokuba i-oncologist ichaze ukuba umhlaza uqhubele phambili kangakanani. Ngomhlaza wamadlala, eyona nkqubo isetyenziswayo yokubeka esweni yeyona nto I-American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) inkqubo ye-TNM .
Inkqubo ye-TNM yomhlaza wedlala lendlala isekwe kumaqhekeza amahlanu olwazi:
- Ubungakanani besona sifo siphambili (sokuqala) (T isigaba)
- Nokuba umhlaza usasazekile kwii-lymph node ezikufuphi (isigaba N)
- Nokuba umhlaza ugqibile kwamanye amalungu omzimba (M udidi)
- Inqanaba le-PSA ngexesha lokuxilongwa
- Amanqaku eGleason, esekwe kwi-Prostate biopsy (okanye ngotyando)
Inqanaba I umhlaza
Eli nqanaba laziwa ngokuba ngumhlaza wasekhaya kuba umhlaza ufunyenwe kwinxalenye enye yeprostate. Amanqanaba omhlaza womhlaza awunakuva ngexesha lovavanyo lwedijithali okanye kubonwe ngovavanyo lokucinga. Ukuba i-PSA ingaphantsi kwe-10 kwaye amanqaku e-Gleason angama-6 okanye ngaphantsi, inqanaba lesifo somhlaza sinokukhula kancinci.
Umhlaza weSigaba II
Eli nqanaba lomhlaza lisahleliwe kodwa lihambele phambili kunenqanaba I. Kwinqanaba II, iiseli aziqhelekanga kunenqanaba I kwaye zinokukhula ngokukhawuleza. Zimbini iintlobo zenqanaba lesibini lomhlaza webala le-Prostate: Inqanaba IIA lithetha ukuba umhlaza ufumaneka kuphela kwicala elinye lendlala, ngelixa iSigaba IIB sithetha ukuba umhlaza ufumaneka kuwo omabini amacala eprostate.
Umhlaza weSigaba III
Eli nqanaba lomhlaza libizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza weprostate walapha. Kuthetha ukuba umhlaza usasazekile ngaphandle kweprotrate kwizicwili zalapha ekhaya ezinje ngeesinicles zesisu, amadlala enza amadlozi.
Umhlaza weSigaba IV
Kule nqanaba, umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba, ezinjenge-lymph node okanye amathambo e-pelvis okanye emqolo. Ingasasazeka nakwamanye amalungu, njengesinyi, isibindi okanye imiphunga.
Kumadoda afunyaniswe enesigaba I, II okanye III somhlaza webele, injongo kukunyanga umhlaza ngokuwunyanga nokuwugcina ungabuyi. Amadoda angama-F afunyaniswe enesifo somhlaza wenqanaba lesinyi, inqanaba kukuphucula iimpawu kunye nokwandisa ubomi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, inqanaba IV umhlaza wedlala lobudoda awunyangeki.
Ukuchonga inqanaba lomhlaza webele kunye ne-PSA kunye nenqaku le-Gleason kuya kunceda ugqirha athathe isigqibo ngonyango olulungileyo.
Izigulana ezisandula ukufumanisa ukuba zine umhlaza wedlala lobudoda unokunxibelelana nodokotela ogqirha womhlaza webele wendlala kunye ne-urologic oncologist, uGqirha David Samadi. Ukubonisana kunye nokufunda ngakumbi malunga nomngcipheko womhlaza wesibeletho, tsalela umnxeba kwi-212-365-5000.
