IHolo elikhulu kwiMyuziyam yaseMetropolitan yoBugcisa.Ifoto nguSpencer Platt / Getty Izithombe Nantsi ingxaki: Iimyuziyam ziyaqhubeka nokusokola ngendlela yokutsala abaphulaphuli abancinci nabehlukeneyo ngelixa begcina kwaye besenza imirhumo ephezulu yokwamkelwa. Abantu abadala bahlawula i-25 yeedola kwiMyuziyam yaseBoston yoBugcisa, i-MFA kunye ne- $ 27 kwi-Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum. Akubizi mali ininzi ukutyelela iMyuziyam yoBugcisa bemihla ngemihla eNew York ($ 25), iGuggenheim ($ 22), iWhitney ($ 20), iBarnes Foundation ePhiladelphia ($ 22), iZiko lobuGcisa laseChicago ($ 23), i Imyuziyam yaseSan Francisco yoBugcisa baNgoku ($ 18) okanye iMyuziyam yoBugcisa yaseLos Angeles ($ 15). Kwaye abantu baseMelika bezimisele ukuqala kwakhona icandelo lokuvelisa ngenxa yeepokotho zentswela-ngqesho eyingozi, loo maxabiso awabalulekanga kwabaninzi.
Kulo nyaka uphelileyo, ibhodi yetrasti kwiMyuziyam yoBugcisa yaseSan Francisco ivume ukonyuka kwama-50 eepesenti kulwamkelo jikelele, ukusuka kwi- $ 10 ukuya kwi- $ 15 yabantu abadala. Ukujonga ukuba ingakanani imali eninzi kula kunye namanye amaziko ayichitha ekufumaneni umsebenzi wobugcisa omtsha kunqabile ukuba babe nendawo yokubonisa, kuyamangalisa indlela abalawuli beziko lolondolozo lwembali abagcina ngayo nokunyusa ezi ntlawulo, zithi ngokomyinge zibe ziipesenti ezintandathu kuphela Ingeniso yeziko, ngokweMyuziyam yoBugcisa yiNgxelo yeNombolo ekhutshwe nguMbutho wabaLawuli beMyuziyam yoBugcisa ngo-2015.
Isisombululo esenziwe ngamaziko amaninzi nangakumbi, mhlawumbi ukunciphisa ingqumbo enokubakho kwixabiso eliphezulu lokungena, simahla okanye sihlawulelwe iiyure zokwamkelwa kunye neentsuku, ezaziwa njengexabiso eliguqukayo. Kunyaka ophelileyo, iMyuziyam yaseFrick eNew York izenzele inkululeko ngoLwesihlanu wokuqala wenyanga nganye, ukusukela ngentsimbi yesi-6 emva kwemini. ukuya ku-9 emva kwemini, ngelixa iWadsworth Atheneum yaseConnecticut ishenxisile ukwamkelwa kwabahlali baseHartford kunye neMyuziyam yaseSan Francisco yobuGcisa bemihla ngemihla, esoloko ikhululekile kubakhenkethi abaneminyaka eli-18 nangaphantsi, yongeze iiNtsapho zaSimahla zamaxesha ngamaxesha. Phawula iikhalenda zakho.
Ukonwaba kunye nodumo kubagcini bemyuziyam kunye nabalawuli kukufumana imisebenzi emininzi yokuqokelelwa kwabo ngokusisigxina, hayi ngokubona abantu abahlukeneyo beza ngeminyango. Iimyuziyam zobugcisa kwilizwe liphela ziyasokola ngamandla ukuzenza zibhenele kwizigidi zeminyaka nakwinto ngoku esiyibiza ngokuba ngabaphulaphuli abahlukeneyo ngokwenza iiapps zabo, kunye nokufumana nokubonisa ubugcisa bemihla ngemihla, kunye nobugcisa babafazi, ii-latinos, iAfrika, iAsia nabani na ongomnye. Nangona kunjalo, iinjongo zabo ziya kuqhubeka zijongwa ngumqobo weefizi zokwamkelwa eziphezulu; abanakho ukwakha abaphulaphuli abatsha ukuba abo baphulaphuli kunokwenzeka ukuba beze ngoLwesihlanu wokuqala enyangeni phakathi kwentsimbi yesithandathu kunye neyesithoba. okanye nanini na xa besenza indawo ingabizi kakhulu ukungena.
IiMyuziyam zinenkcitho enkulu kwaye iifizi zokwamkelwa zinokukunceda ukuzihlawula, kodwa ezi ntlawulo zinokuncitshiswa okanye zisuswe ukuba la maziko abeke enye indawo, kunye nexabiso elininzi, lemali abahleli kuyo, ehamba kuphela ukuthenga izinto ezingaphezulu. Imyuziyam yaseBoston yoBugcisa, umzekelo, ineemali ezimalunga nama-25 zokuthenga ngokubanzi kwaye phantse i-150 inikezelwe kwiindawo ezithile zokuqokelela, ngokutsho kwesithethi. Ezinye iimyuziyam ezinkulu ziyefana okanye nangaphezulu. IZiko loLondolozo lweMbali lobuGcisa laseHouston linemali ezimalunga nama-37 zokufumana, ezibonelela malunga nezigidi ezingama-20 zeedola kwinkcitho yokuthenga yonyaka.
Kubaluleke kangakanani, ngokwenene, ukuba kwiimyuziyam esele zizaliswe zizinto, kwaye emva koko izinto ezininzi zigcinwe kwenye indawo, ukugcina ukufumana okungakumbi? Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, abagcini beMet kunye neMyuziyam kunye nezinye iimyuziyam ezibalaseleyo kwilizwe liphela ziya kuchaza kubude obukhulu ukuba ukuthengwa kwale nto okanye loo nto kuyityebisa-kwaye ayisiyandisi nje-ingqokelela ethile ngendlela ebaluleke kakhulu, kwaye kunzima kuninzi yethu ukuphikisana nenqaku. Lo mzobo kaMughal utyhila umzuzu wotshintsho we…. Kulungile, mhlawumbi kunjalo. Okwangoku, iimyuziyam zinokuboleka imisebenzi kwamanye amaziko okanye ingqokelela yabucala ukuba bafuna ukugcwalisa isikhewu esibonwayo kwaye bahlala besenza loo nto kwimiboniso ekhethekileyo, kodwa akubonakali ngathi kuvakala imingxunya kwimbali yobugcisa ngumba lowo. Amalungu ebhodi kunye nabaphathiswa, kunye nabanye abanikeli abakhulu bemali, bafuna amagama abo ahambelana nezinto ezintsha ezithengiweyo. Bantwana, jongani igama likatat'omkhulu elikuloo bhotwe ecaleni kwale Gerhard Richter! (Owu, yiza, ndikuxelele konke malunga noGerhard Richter ekhitshini elikhwela apha phezulu.) Ngaba bekuya kubakho iplagi yokuba abantu bababaze ukuba u-granddad endaweni yoko ebenikele ngaloo mali ukuze ukwamkelwa kube sezantsi okanye kukhululeke? (Kunokubakho, okanye iqela lingaphoswa, okanye iziko lingazama ukuvelisa uhlobo olufanayo lwe-hoopla yokusetyenziswa kwemali ezinkozo njengoko inokwenzeka kwintengo entsha.)
Ungathini, abalawuli bemyuziyam basenokuthi kwabanye abantu abafuna ukunikela ngemali enye inkxaso-mali yokuthenga okanye yokuthenga: uBob noMary, enkosi ngesibonelelo sokuseka ingxowa-mali yokuthenga kaBob noMary Smith. Kodwa ngaba ungakulungela ukubeka loo mali kwisibonelelo esinciphisa okanye esusa umrhumo wokwamkelwa ukuze abantu abaninzi, ngakumbi abo banezinto ezinqongopheleyo kwaye abangafuni kugcina ukuba yeyiphi iiyure kwaye zeziphi iintsuku esenza ukungena kumyuziyam simahla, ungandwendwela iziko? AbakwaSmiths banokuthi hayi, bafuna nje imyuziyam ukuba ithenge izinto ezininzi kwaye inamathele amagama abo kuyo, kodwa abanye abaxhasi bangoku okanye abanokunikezela banokufumana umbono wexabiso. Abalawuli bamaziko olondolozo lwembali banokuya nakwabanye abantu abaseke imali yokuthenga, okanye kwiindlalifa zabo, bayokucela ukuba imigaqo yesipho itshintshwe ukuze kuvunyelwe ukusetyenziswa kwezinye okanye yonke loo mali ukuya ekwehliseni ulwamkelo. Kuthatha nje ukubuza kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kukuzinikela kwinxalenye yolawulo lwemyuziyam ekwenzeni amaziko abo afikeleleke ngakumbi.
Kusoloko kukho okuninzi: Njani malunga neemyuziyam ezinobugcisa obugciniweyo obungenakuze buxhonywe kwiigalari — sinee-centaurs ezaneleyo zePicasso kumboniso osele ukhona okanye sinombono ongcono weRenoir boudoir kwigalari yama-37 — sabelana ngalo msebenzi nobugcisa besixeko esincinci iimyuziyam kwilizwe liphela ezinomsebenzi omncinci ukuba kukho nawuphi na umsebenzi owenziwa ziingcali eziphambili kwingqokelela yazo esisigxina? Yabelanani ngobutyebi, bafo.
